1,720,991 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Effet laser dans les filaments femtoseconde produits dans l'air
No full textFemtosecond laser filamentation in air is a phenomenon that involves a rich family of nonlinear optic effects. Lasing effect from filaments has emerged as a new phenomenon in 2011. It has been actively studied in recent 5 years not only because of its potential applications in remote sensing techniques but also the fruitful physics involved. This thesis is devoted to the study of two types of lasing effect from filament plasma generated by 800 nm femtosecond laser pulses in air or pure nitrogen. The first is the bidirectional amplified spontaneous emission at 337 nm wavelength of neutral nitrogen molecules, only enabled by circularly-polarized pulses. The population inversion mechanism is attributed to inelastic electron-molecule collisions between energetic electrons and neutral nitrogen molecules on the ground state. Full characterization of both forward and backward 337 nm lasing pulse is conducted. Particularly the temporal profile measurements is compared to numerical simulations based on one-dimensional Maxwell-Bloch equation, which turns out to be in good agreement. Another type of lasing effect is related to excited nitrogen ion, emitting at 391 nm and 428 nm wavelengths. This type of lasing effect can only be observed with linearly-polarized pump laser. It is systematically characterized in spatial, temporal and spectral domains. The temporal profile results proves that ionic lasing emission is fundamentally superradiance. A new mechanism, namely the electron recollision excitation process, is proposed for the achievement of population distribution in the upper level of transition. It is supported by two experimental measurements consisting of pump ellipticity dependence and pump wavelength dependence of 391 nm lasing intensity. Numerical simulations give good agreement with the experimental observation.La filamentation laser femtoseconde dans l'air est un phénomène qui implique une riche famille d'effets optiques non linéaires. Effet laser de filaments a émergé comme un phénomène nouveau en 2011. Il a été activement étudiée au cours des dernières cinq années, non seulement en raison de ses applications potentielles dans les techniques de télédétection mais aussi la physique pour découvrir. Cette thèse est consacrée principalment à l'étude de deux types d'effets laser à partir du plasma filamentaire généré par 800 nm impulsions laser femtosecondes dans l'air ou l'azote pur. Le premier est l'émission spontanée amplifiée à 337 nm longueur d'ondes de molécules d'azote neutre qui est bidirectionnel, activée uniquement par des impulsions polarisées circulairement. Le mécanisme d'inversion de population est attribuée à électrons-molécules collisions inélastiques entre les électrons énergiques et les molécules d'azote neutres sur l'état du sol. La caractérisation complète de 337 nm impulsion laser vers l'avant et vers l'arrière est réalisée. En particulier, les mesures de profil temporelles sont comparées à des simulations numériques basées sur l'équation de Maxwell-Bloch à une dimension, qui se révèle être en bon accord. Un autre type d'effet laser est lié à ions d'azotes excités, émettant à 391 nm et 428 nm longueurs d'onde. Ce type d'effet laser est observée avec laser pompe polarisée linéairement. Il est caractérisé systématiquement dans des domaines spatiaux, temporels et spectrales. Les résultats du profil temporel prouve que l'émission laser ionique est fondamentalement superradiance. Un nouveau mécanisme, à savoir le processus d'excitation recollision d'électrons, est proposé pour la réalisation de la distribution de la population dans le niveau supérieur de la transition. Il est soutenu par deux mesures expérimentales consistant en la dépendance de 391 nm émission laser à l'ellipticité et la dépendance à longueur d'onde de laser pompe. Des simulations numériques donnent un bon accord avec l'observation expérimentale
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Effet laser dans les filaments femtoseconde produits dans l'air
No full textFemtosecond laser filamentation in air is a phenomenon that involves a rich family of nonlinear optic effects. Lasing effect from filaments has emerged as a new phenomenon in 2011. It has been actively studied in recent 5 years not only because of its potential applications in remote sensing techniques but also the fruitful physics involved. This thesis is devoted to the study of two types of lasing effect from filament plasma generated by 800 nm femtosecond laser pulses in air or pure nitrogen. The first is the bidirectional amplified spontaneous emission at 337 nm wavelength of neutral nitrogen molecules, only enabled by circularly-polarized pulses. The population inversion mechanism is attributed to inelastic electron-molecule collisions between energetic electrons and neutral nitrogen molecules on the ground state. Full characterization of both forward and backward 337 nm lasing pulse is conducted. Particularly the temporal profile measurements is compared to numerical simulations based on one-dimensional Maxwell-Bloch equation, which turns out to be in good agreement. Another type of lasing effect is related to excited nitrogen ion, emitting at 391 nm and 428 nm wavelengths. This type of lasing effect can only be observed with linearly-polarized pump laser. It is systematically characterized in spatial, temporal and spectral domains. The temporal profile results proves that ionic lasing emission is fundamentally superradiance. A new mechanism, namely the electron recollision excitation process, is proposed for the achievement of population distribution in the upper level of transition. It is supported by two experimental measurements consisting of pump ellipticity dependence and pump wavelength dependence of 391 nm lasing intensity. Numerical simulations give good agreement with the experimental observation.La filamentation laser femtoseconde dans l'air est un phénomène qui implique une riche famille d'effets optiques non linéaires. Effet laser de filaments a émergé comme un phénomène nouveau en 2011. Il a été activement étudiée au cours des dernières cinq années, non seulement en raison de ses applications potentielles dans les techniques de télédétection mais aussi la physique pour découvrir. Cette thèse est consacrée principalment à l'étude de deux types d'effets laser à partir du plasma filamentaire généré par 800 nm impulsions laser femtosecondes dans l'air ou l'azote pur. Le premier est l'émission spontanée amplifiée à 337 nm longueur d'ondes de molécules d'azote neutre qui est bidirectionnel, activée uniquement par des impulsions polarisées circulairement. Le mécanisme d'inversion de population est attribuée à électrons-molécules collisions inélastiques entre les électrons énergiques et les molécules d'azote neutres sur l'état du sol. La caractérisation complète de 337 nm impulsion laser vers l'avant et vers l'arrière est réalisée. En particulier, les mesures de profil temporelles sont comparées à des simulations numériques basées sur l'équation de Maxwell-Bloch à une dimension, qui se révèle être en bon accord. Un autre type d'effet laser est lié à ions d'azotes excités, émettant à 391 nm et 428 nm longueurs d'onde. Ce type d'effet laser est observée avec laser pompe polarisée linéairement. Il est caractérisé systématiquement dans des domaines spatiaux, temporels et spectrales. Les résultats du profil temporel prouve que l'émission laser ionique est fondamentalement superradiance. Un nouveau mécanisme, à savoir le processus d'excitation recollision d'électrons, est proposé pour la réalisation de la distribution de la population dans le niveau supérieur de la transition. Il est soutenu par deux mesures expérimentales consistant en la dépendance de 391 nm émission laser à l'ellipticité et la dépendance à longueur d'onde de laser pompe. Des simulations numériques donnent un bon accord avec l'observation expérimentale
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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