77 research outputs found
À l'aube de la construction navale espagnole en Asie: le San Diego (1600)
No full textThe wreck of the San Diego was discovered at the Philippines in 1991, through a magnetometer survey. This spanish «nao», built in Cebu in the south of the Philippines, was lost in december 1600 in a sea battle with Olivier van Noort, a dutch sailor. In 1992 and 1993, two excavation campaigns took place on this site. During the second campaign, the author ο f this paper directed the study of the constructional remains of the wreck. The hull appeared to be well preserved. On the basis of the preliminary results of the study, it is possible to identify the San Diego as one of those famous Manila galleons which for three centuries sailed the spanish trading route between Manila and Acapulco. Therefore, the wreck of the San Diego offered the first insight into the spanish shipbuilding in Asia in the end of the 16th century.L'Hour Michel. À l'aube de la construction navale espagnole en Asie: le San Diego (1600). In: Archaeonautica, 14, 1998. Construction navale maritime et fluviale. Approches archéologique, historique et ethnologique. pp. 237-241
La construction navale au service du commerce : un secteur industriel en permanente mutation
No full textShipbuilding in the service of Trade ; an industrial sector permanently on the move : Shipbuilding testifies the immemorial effort of Man to take advantage of the Sea ; but hardly half a century has been enough for that prestigious activity to escape to its European promoters in favor of dynamic East-Asian competitors. The proposal of that paper is to assess the results of that spectacular evolution. After a brief recall of the relative diversity of that industrial activity, the Author underlines the main aspects of changes in an economic sector in an everlasting transition, before a more acute examination of the specific features of the renewal of the industrial hub of Saint Nazaire, the last french depository of a national inheritage.La construction navale accompagne l'effort immémorial des hommes pour valoriser la mer ; mais il aura finalement suffi d'à peine un demi-siècle pour que cette spécialité de grand prestige échappe à ses promoteurs européens au profit d'un espace extrême-asiatique en plein renouveau. L 'objet de cet article est de faire le bilan de cette spectaculaire mutation. Après avoir brièvement rappelé la relative diversité de cette branche industrielle, l'Auteur souligne les principaux aspects du changement dans un secteur économique en permanent renouvellement avant de concentrer le regard sur les traits spécifiques de l'évolution du pôle de construction nazairien, ultime dépositaire d'un héritage national déjà bien handicapé.Maillard Jean-Claude. La construction navale au service du commerce : un secteur industriel en permanente mutation. In: Norois, n°187, 2000-3. pp. 317-339
Accelerating the execution of green hydrogen value chains with the use of programme management
No full textClimate change, driven primarily by carbon dioxide emissions, necessitates urgent action to decarbonize the energy sector. This urgency is highlighted by initiatives such as the European Green Deal aiming for a carbon-neutral European Union by 2050. The transition to green hydrogen contributes to reducing CO2 emissions, particularly in the Netherlands, where initiatives have been outlined but face challenges in execution. This research explores the application of programme management theory to accelerate the execution of green hydrogen value chains. Through literature study and semi-structured interviews, challenges in execution, such as cost, uncertainties, regulation, and lack of integration, are identified. Potential solutions include clarity on costs and regulations, long-term collaboration, improved communication and most importantly connection in the green hydrogen value chain. The application of program management, characterized by grouping projects, aligning objectives, and coordinating resources, emerges as a viable strategy. All the actors in the entire chain need to collaborate and work as one instead of working in isolation. A model is developed to guide the setup of programme management for a green hydrogen value chain, emphasizing clear goals, roles, and communication. This research contributes to filling gaps in the literature and offers practical insights for industry stakeholders to expedite the transition to green hydrogen. Recommendations include collaboration among sectors, regulatory clarity, and utilization of the developed model. Future research could focus on contract formation, broader application of the model, and addressing regulatory challenges at a policy level.Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineerin
La construction navale à Québec au XIXème siècle: un point de vue organisationnel
No full textLa ville de Québec était, au XIXe siècle, un des centres de la construction navale mondiale. Après en avoir décrit l'évolution en termes macroéconomiques, l'auteur utilise un schéma théorique fondé sur la sociologie des organisations pour comprendre l'interaction entre les forces économiques et le contexte socioculturel de ces entreprises. Cette industrie fut implantée par les immigrants écossais puis anglais et irlandais à la suite de la Conquête. Les Canadiens français y seront ouvriers ou sous-traitants ne devenant entrepreneurs qu'à la fin de l'industrie. Opposés par leur langue, leur religion et leurs valeurs industrielles, les rapports entre les patrons et les ouvriers favoriseront l'apparition d'un mode d'organisation du travail original, les métiers de masse.In the XIXth Century, the city of Quebec was one of the world's shipbuilding centres. After a description of developments in macro-economic terms, the author uses a theoretical framework based on the sociology of organisations to develop an understanding of the interaction between economic forces and the sociocultural context of these enterprises. This industry was built up by Scottish and then English and Irish immigrants after the Conquest. French Canadians participated as workers or subcontractors but became entrepreneurs only toward the end of the industry. The nature of the relationship between the management and the workers, set apart by their language, their religion and their industrial values, led to the appearance of an original mode of work organization, namely the masse trades
Il caso LG e altri c. Rina s.p.a. e Ente Registro Italiano Navale e la rilevazione del diritto consuetudinario: quale equilibrio tra competenze della Corte di giustizia e del giudice nazionale?
Get PDFThe article analyses the judgment of the Court of Justice in the case LG and others v. Rina s.p.a. and Ente Registro Italiano Navale, concerning the question of whether private-law corporations, engaged in the classification and certification of ships, can enjoy foreign States immunity from jurisdiction. The author, after recalling the content of the judgement, suggests reading some of its critical elements in the light of the tension between, on the one hand, the Court of Justice tendency to polarize the identification of customary international law and, on the other hand, the need to recognise the competence of the national judge in determining the scope of his own jurisdiction. Then, focuses on the methodology used by the Advocate General to identify the content of the customary rule on State immunity, pointing out its problematic features
Peinture navale et image de la nation en Angleterre (1660-1815)
Get PDFLa peinture navale devrait être davantage utilisée comme source d’information par les historiens. Cet article sera surtout consacré aux « marines » décrivant la guerre sur mer, les tableaux de bataille, utilisés au service du patriotisme national. C’est à la fin du XVIIe siècle que les Anglais prennent conscience de leur puissance maritime face à deux ennemis principaux, les Provinces Unies et la France, deux nations puissantes sur mer et riches en peintures navales. Willem van de Velde l’Ancien et Le Jeune influencent Samuel Scott, leur disciple anglais, auteur d’un grand nombre de « marines ». Parmi les thèmes majeurs de ces tableaux, le Vaisseau de Guerre, la Flotte tout entière avec ses pavillons, sa tactique militaire, sa puissance, et bien sûr le combat proprement dit. Ces batailles expriment les valeurs fondamentales de la nation anglaise : le courage, l’opiniâtreté, le sacrifice des marins pour la patrie – le tout illustré dans de gigantesques conflits, notamment les guerres franco-anglaises (1793-1815). Le héros par excellence qui incarne ces vertus, c’est Nelson, forte personnalité destinée à marquer la mémoire collective. Les nombreux tableaux qui le mettent en scène, notamment à Trafalgar insistent sur son corps mutilé, offrande à sa mère patrie pour la défense de sa grandeur et de sa noblesse.Marine painting should be better used by historians as a source of information. This article is mainly devoted to the pictures illustrating battles at sea, as illustrations of national patriotism. It was at the end of the 17th century that the English became conscious of their own power at sea, faced with two of their main enemies, France and the Netherlands, two powerful maritime powers, also rich in marine paintings. Willem van de Velde Senior and Junior were certainly the models of the English painter Samuel Scott, the author of a vast quantity of marine paintings. Among the subject matters of such works, there were the Man of War, the whole Fleet with its flags, its tactics and power, its symbolism, and of course the battle itself. Such battles at sea were meant to embody the basic values of the English nation : courage and stubbornness, the willing sacrifice of seamen for their mother country. Such were the themes of all marine paintings during the gigantic Anglo-French wars at the time of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars (1793-1815). The supreme hero was of course Nelson, the symbol of all values to be stamped in the collective memory. Many pictures were devoted to him, whose mutilated body, at Trafalgar, was represented as the ultimate sacrifice to his mother country, for the preservation of its greatness and nobility
Exchangeable Sequences Driven by an Absolutely Continuous Random Measure
Get PDFLet S be a Polish space and (Xn : n = 1) an exchangeable sequence of S-valued random variables. Let an(·) = P( Xn+1 in · | X1, . . . ,Xn) be the predictive measure and a a random probability measure on S such that an (weak) --> a a.s.. Two (related) problems are addressed. One is to give conditions for a 0, where ||·|| is total variation norm. Various results are obtained. Some of them do not require exchangeability, but hold under the weaker assumption that (Xn) is conditionally identically distributed, in the sense of [2].Conditional identity in distribution, Exchangeability, Predictive measure, Random probability measure.
Accounting for temperature and local structure in atomistic calculations of interface free energies in metals
No full textThesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2017.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 175-193).Interfaces are ubiquitous in crystalline materials and they predominantly govern the properties of metals at nanoscale. Free energy is the most significant characteristic of an interface that determines its behavior and other properties. However, interfaces have an internal structure with nanoscale features that gives the interface free energy, a location dependent variation. The interface free energy is also expected to depend on temperature, especially for entropy stabilized phases such as liquids. I present methods for calculating location-dependent energies for solid-state interfaces and temperature-dependent free energies for solid/liquid interfaces using atomistic models. I demonstrate these methods on CuNbHe and AlGa models due to the importance of location- and temperature-dependence of interface energies in these systems. My analysis sheds light on interfacial He precipitation in CuNb composites and on Ga permeation through grain boundaries (GB) in Al. Based on the Gibbsian definition of excess interface energy, I develop a method to compute location dependent energy of solid/solid interface from atomic level energies and apply it to characterize four different Cu/Nb interfaces and several GBs of Al. The solid-state interface energies are indeed location-dependent and vary at the length scale of few nanometers. For any particular interface, the variation in the energies spans a range of ś100% of its average energy. The higher energy regions correspond to the underlying misfit dislocation network of the semicoherent interfaces. I compute the stress of solid/liquid interface from capillary pressure of the interface using the Young-Laplace equation and then derive its free energy. Applying this method to Cu/He and Nb/He interfaces, I find that these interface energies are dependent on He pressure and interface curvature but not explicitly on temperature. I fit analytical expressions for these interface free energies and study the impact of their curvature dependence on He cluster growth. For instance, the incorporation of curvature dependence of metal-He interface free energies accounts for a decrease of up to 1GPa in the pressure required to punch out a dislocation from the bubble into the metal. Al/Ga interface energy is found to be negative, implying that Ga can spread on all Al surfaces and GBs. The computed interface energies may be used to predict the distribution of He precipitates at CuNb interfaces while interface energies for AlGa shed light on the crystallographic character-dependence of Ga permeation through Al GBs. These results may be directly incorporated into phase field models of He behavior in CuNb composites and Ga behavior at Al GBs.by Sanket Sunil Navale.Ph. D
Atomic Intersection of s-Fields and Some of Its Consequences
Get PDFLet (omega,F,P) be a probability space. For each G in F, define G as the s-field generated by G and those sets f in F satisfying P(f) in {0, 1}. Conditions for P to be atomic on the intersection of the complements of Ai for i=1,..,k, with A1, . . . ,Ak in F sub-s-fields, are given. Conditions for P to be 0-1-valued on the intersection of the complements of Ai for i=1,..,k are given as well. These conditions are useful in various fields, including Gibbs sampling, iterated conditional expectations and the intersection property.Atomic probability measure, Gibbs sampling, Graphical models, Intersection property, Iterated conditional expectations.
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