1,720,973 research outputs found
A Parametric Approach for Optimizing Design Solutions in Urban Regeneration and Reshaping: An Application to a District Block in Bologna, Italy
Get PDFThis paper addresses the deep renovation and enhancement of energy efficiency in existing urban areas, aiming to transform them into zero energy districts, utilizing renewable sources. This transformative process is essential to align with contemporary models for new buildings and to elevate existing structures to meet environmental housing standards mandated by current regulations. The proposed densification strategy is motivated by the necessity to augment the real estate value and enhance the architectural and performance quality of the existing building stock, all while minimizing additional land occupation. Its efficacy has been rigorously tested and demonstrated within the European Horizon 2020 project “ABRACADABRA”. The key actions advocated for in this approach revolve around the incorporation of renewable energies, volumetric expansion, and completion volumes (urban infill), within the Positive Energy District. The validation of this process occurs on a district scale in a social housing urban block located in Bologna (Italy), with currently poor environmental performance. A multi-criteria analysis was employed to examine the architectural, climatic, and energy context. The meta-design phase successfully attained the energy and economic targets set by the project and by local and European regulations settings, offering an optimized design solutions for reshaping the built environment
IEQ and energy improvement of existing buildings by prefabricated facade additions: the case of a student house in Athens
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is to evaluate and illustrate the energy saving potential and Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) performances of a façade addition on existing and low energy performing buildings. Different technical solutions are proposed and all IEQ indicators’ simulation results are presented for the case of a students’ building block of the 80’s located in Athens. The building is the demonstrator of the “Pro-GET-onE” Horizon 2020 project, that aims to demonstrate the attractiveness and the energy efficiency of a renovation strategy based on new façade additions combining inteGrated Efficient Technologies (GETs). The research project proposes the highest transformation of the existing building’s shell with external added volumes, which generate energy efficient buffer zones and at the same time increase the building’s volume (with balconies, sunspaces and extra rooms). This strategy gives also the possibility to increase IEQ performance, in different ways depending on the architectural solutions, the selected materials and the adopted technological solutions. As a general statement, the facade addition solution leads to an increase of the thermo-hygrometric conditions (both for the cold winter season and the summer period), of the facade sound insulation and consequently the acoustic comfort, and of the indoor air quality. The lighting and the visual comfort are a critical point due to the enlargement of the existing surface of the rooms: specific light enhancement techniques have been studied to optimize indoor light, therefore minimizing the drawbacks of façade expansions, and will be suggested for the final design of the case study. The detailed analysis of individual units (additions) led to the formulation of hypotheses for targeted energy retrofitting interventions in different options; with different scenarios of integrated RES technologies, these options have been analysed both separately and in combination, to assess the technical, the energy feasibility and the IEQ performance in each scenario
Indoor quality-oriented approach for the performance evaluation of building retrofit with façade transformation: Case study of student dormitory in Mediterranean climate
Get PDFThe rapid expanding of refurbishment incentives requires to deserve more attention on how to reach nearly zero energy standard without compromising occupant wellness, when the building is undergone to important architectural transformations. To overcome the above drawbacks mainly for student dormitories, the paper introduces a new indoor quality oriented post-retrofit evaluation approach that simultaneously quantifies the impact of design decisions on thermal, respiratory and visual comfort. Investigations on the building quality and readily monitored indoor variables are the core of the approach that also provides sensitivity analysis on some subjective parameters and questionnaires for the main involved stakeholders.
The proposed approach is tested on a student dormitory belonging at National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, refurbished in the frame of Horizon Project Pro-GET-OnE. The results reveal an improvement in the passive control of thermo-hygrometric comfort as well as in the satisfaction level. The adoption of mechanical ventilation consistently ensures dioxide emissions lower than 430 ppm, TVOC below 300 μg/m3 and PM2.5 and PM10 lower than 6 μg/m3. More in general, it is remarkable the importance of considering all comfort domains and occupant behavior, as one design or management choice might improve one indoor quality domain at the cost of others
Multi-Objective Optimization for Cooling and Interior Natural Lighting in Buildings for Sustainable Renovation
Get PDFIn order to achieve the ‘nearly zero-energy’ target and a comfortable indoor environment, an important aspect is related to the correct design of the transparent elements of the building envelope. For improving indoor daylight penetration, architectural solutions such as light shelves are nowadays commercially available. These are defined as horizontal or inclined surfaces, fixed or mobile, placed on the inner and/or the outer side of windows, with surface features such to reflect the sunlight to the interior. Given the fact that these elements can influence different domains (i.e., energy need, daylighting, thermal comfort, etc.), the aim of this paper is to apply a multi-objective optimization method within the design of this kind of technology. The case study is a student house in the University of Athens Campus, subject to a deep energy renovation towards nZEB, under the frame of H2020 European project Pro-GET-onE (G.A No 723747). Starting from the numerical model of the building, developed in EnergyPlus, the multi-objective optimization based on a genetic algorithm is implemented. The variables used are various light shelves configurations by differing materials and geometry, as well as different window types and interior context scenarios. Finally, illuminance studies of the pre- and post-retrofit building are also provided through Revit illuminance rendering
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Efficienza Energetica, Sicurezza Sismica e Dimensione Sociale nelle Addizioni di Facciata
Get PDFIl contributo analizza alcune soluzioni progettuali in un caso di studio del progetto europeo
Pro-GET-onE (Horizon 2020 G.A. n. 723747), il cui obiettivo è quello di individuare
un sistema di facciata per il miglioramento energetico, sismico ed architettonico. Tale
sistema ambisce a configurarsi come il risultato di una integrazione tra struttura, estensioni
spaziali, involucro e tecnologie impiantistiche integrate (GETs), finalizzate a raggiungere
prestazioni energetiche eccellenti, fino ad avvicinarsi al consumo quasi zero (nZEB).
Tali addizioni volumetriche sono studiate e categorizzate secondo un abaco di soluzioni
diverse e personalizzabili (balconi, serre ed extra-room) in ragione delle diverse esigenze
dell’utenza. Il sistema di facciata è stato analizzato sotto il profilo energetico attraverso
simulazioni implementate con il software EnergyPlus v8.4. I risultati della prestazione
energetica, del comfort, della qualità dell’aria, degli aspetti acustici e di illuminazione
sono determinanti nel caso di una estensione di facciata come quella proposta dal sistema;
in tale prospettiva, il contributo costituisce il punto di partenza per il confronto dei vari
scenari di addizione, concentrandosi sulla riduzione dei carichi termici in regime estivo e
invernale. Sotto il profilo strutturale, sono state effettuate modellazioni tramite software
di calcolo agli elementi finiti SAP2000 v19.2.0 per le analisi dinamiche e statiche, al fine
di valutare l’aumento di rigidezza conferito dalla struttura esterna. I risultati dimostrano
un incremento della capacità in termini di accelerazione di collasso a discapito di una
riduzione di duttilità da imputare allo stesso sistema irrigidente.This research work investigates different numerical energy models of a typical building
pilot case included in the Horizon H2020 project, Pro-GET-onE (Horizon 2020 G.A.
n. 723747). The aim is to demonstrate the attractiveness of a safe renovation strategy
based on new façade additions combining inteGrated Efficient Technologies- (GETs). As
a whole, the research project proposes the highest transformation of the existing building’s
shell with external strengthening structures, which generate energy efficient buffer zones
and at the same time increase the building’s volume (with balconies, sunspaces and extra
rooms, according to users’ needs or expectations). The building model is defined by using
the building energy simulation software, EnergyPlus v8.4, with the graphical definition
of the geometry, dimensions and positions of the thermal envelope. The results of the
aforementioned analysis are taken as a starting point for the comparison of various GET
scenarios. In particular, different GET-systems, with different types of prefabricated walls,
are taken into account. In this way, it is possible to evaluate the different hypothesized
solutions, taking into account several outputs such as energy performance, comfort, space,
lighting aspects, indoor air quality and acoustic aspects. From the structural point of view,
a modelled analysis was performed using finite element calculation software SAP2000
v19.2.0 for dynamic and static analysis, in order to evaluate the increase in stiffness given
by the external structure. The results demonstrate an increase in terms of acceleration of
collapse despite a reduction in terms of ductility for the same strenghtening system
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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