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Omeprazole and ultrastructural modifications occurring in reflux esophagitis [1]
No full textDilated intercellular spaces are a sign of esophageal epithelial
damage in acid-perfused rabbits. This alteration can be identified only
by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).1,2 The same changes
have also been demonstrated in reflux esophagitis in humans, occurring
in patients with either erosive or nonerosive esophagitis.3 As yet,
we do not know if successful medical therapy induces a regression of
these ultrastructural changes.
We observed a case of hematemesis and melena occurring in an
11-month-old child. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a
hemorrhagic erosive esophagitis (stage IV of Savary-Miller modified
classification). Eight endoscopic biopsies were taken 5 cm above the
Z line. Of these, 4 were stained with H&E, to assess general pathology,
and 4 were selected for processing by TEM.4 The latter biopsies
showed mean intercellular space diameters of 2.5 mm (Figure
1B). As a consequence, the patient was treated with omeprazole 10
mg/day for 18 months (the half granular content of the capsule of 20
mg was administrated in a few milliliters of orange juice, 30 minutes
before breakfast). During this period, the patient was asymptomatic,
growth was normal, and no side effects were recorded. Upper GI
endoscopy at the end of therapy showed a normal esophageal mucosa
both endoscopically and histologically. TEM also demonstrated the
complete recovery of the ultrastructural changes (Figure 1C) with the
mean intercellular space diameters being #0.40.
This is the first demonstration that omeprazole is effective not only
in inducing the regression of symptoms and macroscopic lesions but
in the restoration of normal intercellular space dimensions, whose
dilatation must be considered the first alteration of reflux esophagitis.
Nevertheless, to date we do not know if such an outcome is achieved
in every patient considered clinically and endoscopically cured, nor do
we know details of the treatment time interval required to achieve
complete ultrastructural recovery
HCV INFECTION AND CHRONIC ACTIVE HEPATITIS IN ALCOHOLICS
No full textHistological signs of chronic active hepatitis were found in 11/41 (27%) patients with chronic alcoholic liver disease. All these 11 patients tested positive for antibodies to HCV and no other causes of chronic hepatitis were found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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