13 research outputs found
Supplemental Material - “Switching Hats”: Insights From Experienced Clinical Interviewers Turned Novice Research Interviewers
No full textSupplemental Material for “Switching Hats”: Insights From Experienced Clinical Interviewers Turned Novice Research Interviewers by Brightlin N. Dhas, Jackie Fox, Benshamir Bright, Dina B. El Haj, Abraham P. James, Hussain A. H. J. Bu Hazaa, and Sultan S. H. Al Abdulla in Qualitative Health Research</p
Occupational Balance among Parents of Typically Developing Children and Parents of Children with Disabilities Living in Qatar
Full text linkParents of children with disabilities are often not the focus of intervention in occupational therapy practice although they are known to spend more time meeting the needs of their children and report poor occupational balance. The aim of the dissertation study was to compare the occupational balance among parents of children with disabilities and parents of typically developing children and to find, if any, significant predictors of occupational balance. The secondary objective was to investigate if there was any association between occupational balance and family quality of life. To fully understand the multiple perspectives of occupational balance and the factors associated with it, existing literature was reviewed at the commencement of the dissertation study. A cross-sectional observational comparison design was used. There were 178 participants and 89 parents of children with disabilities attending occupational therapy clinics in two major hospitals in Qatar and another 89 parents of typically developing children from the staff and relatives of the same hospital were recruited through convenience sampling. Sample size was estimated from a pilot study with 30 participants. The participants filled the occupational balance questionnaire, Family Quality of Life Survey–2006 and an investigator-developed demographic survey. Both Arabic and the English-speaking parents were recruited, collection forms were made available in English and Arabic. Before the commencement of the dissertation study, the occupational balance questionnaire was translated from English to Arabic.Independent t tests, Pearson correlations, and multiple regression analyses were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the occupational balance scores of parents of children with disabilities were statistically significantly lower than parents of typically developing children. A statistically significant, weak to moderate relationship was found between occupational balancescores and family quality of life scores, Finally, regression analyses showed that role satisfaction,spousal support, number of children under 5 years of age, difficulty finding help, and satisfaction with health care were significant personal predictors of occupational balance in addition to presence of a child with disability in the family. Parents of children with disabilities are a risk group for experiencing low occupationalbalance, and occupational therapists working with such parents must routinely address these issues in their practice to facilitate better family quality of life
Poster Session - Use of photographs in the study of occupations
No full textIntent: The intent of this presentation is to continue the dialogue in the field of occupational science regarding the use of photographs in the study of occupations and occupational implications. Photographs can be regarded as arts personifying the photographer-artist or as records displaying reality, but meaning-making is a dynamic interaction between the photographer, viewer, and the photograph whereby meaning is actively constructed and not passively received (Schwartz, 1989). Photographs could be used as an adjunct for other methods of data collection, such as interviews, surveys, or questionnaires as a resource for eliciting more information through language, which in turn serve as data to be analyzed and reported or could be used as data in their own right (Harrison, 2002). Based on a review of three research methods that use photographs, namely Photoelicitation Interview, Photovoice, and Layered analysis of photographic content in addition to author’s preliminary experience, use of photographs in studying mundane occupations, studying the properties of occupation in their own right, and addressing occupational injustice will be discussed.
Argument: Noting the struggle in the definition of occupation, Fox (2015) suggested scholarship to understand the fundamental properties of occupation. Hocking (2009) called for the study of occupations in their own right. With their ability to stimulate deeper discussions about taken-for- granted daily occupations, photographs are especially valuable in the study of various properties of daily occupations and explore meanings associated with their implications. (Hartman, Mandich, Magalhães, & Orchard, 2011).
The concept of occupational injustice, which originated in occupational science and accepted as a domain of occupational therapists is closely associated with social injustice and Photovoice method, which positions itself as the apt method to address social injustice can be used effectively to address occupational injustice.
Importance to occupational science: Occupational science concerns itself with the study of occupations and addressing issues resulting from the effects of occupations. Photographs can be a valuable tool in research of occupational science concepts.
Conclusion: Analysis of three visual research methods that use photographs and the nature of occupations provides insights regarding the usefulness of photographs in understanding the properties of occupations that are mundane and uniquely meaningful to the individual, to address occupational injustice, and to understand occupations in their own right.
Objectives for discussion period Ethical considerations in the use of photographs in research Practical limitations of using photographs in research, ways to overcome barriers
Keywords
Photographs, Occupations, Visual research method
Occupational balance from a clinical perspective
No full textBACKGROUND: Occupational balance is a central concept in occupational therapy and is commonly defined as an individual's perception of having the right amount and variety of occupations in daily life. This individualistic and subjective nature of occupational balance brings with it certain challenges when applied in practice. The aim of this discussion paper is to highlight the challenges associated with the lone application of individualistic occupational balance in practice situations, and propose some way forward.METHODS: The Meleis' Theory to Practice to Theory strategy was used. Practice-based vignettes were used as a point of departure to discuss these challenges. This was followed by theorising the importance of including the others' perceptions of a person's pattern of daily occupations.CONCLUSION: Besides a goal of increasing a person's occupational balance in clinical practice, striving towards creating a suitable pattern of daily occupations from a community perspective also seems to be a relevant goal.</p
Focus Group Transcripts on Practice Readiness of Newly Qualified Occupational Therapists: Multi-Stakeholder Perspectives (UK)
No full textThis dataset contains de-identified, pseudonymised verbatim transcripts from four stakeholder-specific focus groups discussions conducted in the United Kingdom as part of a qualitative study exploring practice readiness among newly qualified occupational therapists (NQOTs). The four groups include (1) newly qualified occupational therapists, (2) workplace managers who supervise NQOTs in the workplace, (3) university lecturers involved in occupational therapy education, and (4) practice educators responsible for student placement training. The focus groups lasted from 71 to 90 minutes and transcribed verbatim by a professional transcriber. Each file includes a brief header describing the stakeholder group and speaker turns are labelled with a pseudonym and stakeholder role (e.g., “NQOT_P3”, “WM_P2”). The dataset files will be made available on request after publication of the associated journal article
Use of Computer Access Technology as an Alternative to Writing for a Pre-School Child with Athetoid Cerebral Palsy—A Case Report
No full textThe purpose of this study was to demonstrate the use of an outcome-driven model of decision-making in the implementation of computer access technology (CAT) for a pre-school child with athetoid cerebral palsy. The child did not have the fine motor skills required to hold a pencil but had the cognitive abilities to learn to write; therefore, we explored the use of a CAT device to enable written communication. Case study methodology was used to describe the selection process, child-level outcomes, and clinical challenges faced by the therapist in the use of a consortium model that was designed for an outcome-driven model of decision-making. The critical role of an occupational therapist in this process using a family-centered approach is discussed
Translation and initial validation of the occupational balance questionnaire to Arabic—Occupational Balance Questionnaire-A
Full text linkIntroduction: Occupational balance (OB) is related to many health indicators, including quality of life. The Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11) was developed to measure OB, and to date, no Arabic translations of the questionnaire exist. The aim of the study was to describe the translation process of OBQ11 to Arabic and to evaluate its content validity, internal consistency, construct validity, and convergent validity. Methods: OBQ11 was translated to Arabic (OBQ11-A) following standard guidelines. Content validity feedback was obtained from ten Arabic-speaking occupational therapists and in a cognitive debriefing with seven volunteers. In addition, OBQ11-A and the Family Quality of Life Survey-2006 were administered to 67 Arabic-speaking participants from a larger study about OB among parents. Results: High level of agreement was found on the content of OBQ11-A from the occupational therapists. Cognitive debriefing interviews indicated that OBQ11-A was easy to understand. Cronbach’s alpha for the total OBQ11-A score was 0.864 indicating good internal consistency. Exploratory factor analysis showed acceptable factor loadings for all items. The total scores showed positive statistically significant associations with Family Quality of Life Scores (r = 0.561, p < 0.001). Conclusions: OBQ11-A may prove useful for assessing OB in Arabic-speaking populations. Further research is needed to establish its reliability
