131,920 research outputs found
Dewhurst, D P, 403780
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/381680Surname: DEWHURST. Given Name(s) or Initials: D P. Military Service Number or Last Known Location: 403780. Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 58050.197744
Item: [2016.0049.13973] "Dewhurst, D P, 403780
Muscle temperature has a different effect on force fluctuations in young and older women
No full textObjective: To investigate the effect of muscle temperature on force fluctuations during isometric contractions in young and older females. Methods: Fifteen young and 11 older subjects performed 3 · 30-s long submaximal isometric ankle dorsi-flexions (5%, 10%, and 15% of the maximal force). Tibialis anterior muscle temperature was monitored with an intramuscular probe and manipulated to obtain a cold, control, and warm condition. The coefficient of variation (CofV) and the relative power in the frequency bands 0–3 Hz (low), 4–6 Hz (middle), and 8–12 Hz (high) of the force signal were computed to characterise steadiness. Intramuscular EMG signals were recorded from the tibialis anterior muscle to assess motor unit discharge pattern. Results: CofV was higher in the older than in the young subjects (P < 0.001) in all conditions. In the older group only, CofV increased with cooling with respect to control temperature (P < 0.001), whereas in the young group only, relative power of force fluctuations at high frequency decreased with cooling. Motor unit discharge rate and inter-pulse interval variability were not different between groups and across temperatures. Conclusions: The findings indicate a different effect of temperature on the ability to maintain constant force in young and older subjects. Significance: These results highlight the risk of further impairment to the motor control of older individuals with varying temperature
FAST: A new technique for geomechanical assessment of the risk of reactivation-related breach of fault seals
No full textScott D. Mildren, Richard R. Hillis, Paul J. Lyon, Jeremy J. Meyer, David N. Dewhurst, Peter J. Boul
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Design for manufacture: a methodology to evaluate an aircraft design in order to ensure its manufacturability
No full textThe aim of the research is to develop a methodological analysis of problems in the
area of design for manufacture in low volume high complex products found in the
writer’s workplace. The majority of research in this area has been around high
volume products, such as automotive products and little consideration has been given
to designing complex products from industries like aircraft manufacture.
This research evaluates design for manufacture (DFM) information in the design lifecycle
(DLC). The author’s research introduces a unique DLC process, one which
structures decisions and data transfer through the DLC. The research also looks at
current academic work and introduces industrial issues present in today’s
environment.
It is crucial to the design of a product to select the appropriate design environment in
which it operates, as it will structure the way the engineering activities are established
and developed. It is also important for the organisation to decide on the environment
in which the design definition should evolve. Therefore the research reviews the
different design definition environments, these were carefully analysed by the author.
The evaluation of a design to ensure its manufacturability is a major element in the
research, a review of previous work has highlighted that within current publications
there has been little work in this area. The research has developed a methodology to
evaluate the robustness of a design. It not only looks at the engineering design but
also evaluates its adherence to customer requirements and the effect on cost for the
overall product life-cycle. It also considers industrial needs for a reduction in the
length of design life-cycle, while ensuring a reduction in manufacturing costs. There
are two main contributors to this, firstly the use of key characteristics and secondly,
the ability to control the manufacturability of a design. The author has developed a
novel software tool enabling efficient evaluation of a design.
The author discusses his contribution to existing knowledge in three main areas of the
research. The most significant being the introduction of a tool to evaluate a design
early in the design life-cycle to ensure manufacturability. To validate the research the
author introduces the reader to three experimental phases. He validates his
methodology by analysing the design of various aircraft assemblies discussing his
findings of how manufacturable the designs are. This leads to the conclusion that the
author’s research adds substantial knowledge to the area of design for manufacture
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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