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    The Simultaneous Modeling Technique: closing gaps in posteriors

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    Direct posterior restorations represent a widespread procedure in daily practice. Occlusal layering is often considered a complex task, generally not predictable and often requiring several occlusal adjustments. Moreover, direct posterior restorations are time consuming, as many small increments must be applied and cured individually to control shrinkage stress. Several authors have proposed different material layering techniques for posteriors. The authors of this article propose a simplified approach, which primarily aims to help the clinician perform quick, simple, predictable, and natural-looking occlusal modeling, reducing the need for occlusal adjustments

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Essential Lines: a simplified filling and modeling technique for direct posterior composite restorations

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    There is a continuing increase in demand for the direct restoration of posterior teeth with resin-based composites. However, the execution of these restorations, especially the reproduction of the anatomical details of the tooth, still presents difficulties for most clinicians. Nowadays, resin-based composite restorations have become increasingly popular due to the development of new materials and filling techniques. Direct composite restorations are usually performed using the time-consuming incremental filling technique, which minimizes polymerization shrinkage. With this technique, the composite is built up in individually cured increments. Due to the superior physical and chemical properties of the newer bulk-fill composites, it is possible to replace this incremental filling technique with a more time-efficient bulk-fill technique, whereby the composite is placed and modeled in a single layer up to the occlusal surface. This article presents this novel technique for direct posterior composite restorations. The technique, called Essential Lines, is simple, esthetic, and time saving. It combines the advantages of the bulk-fill technique with a modeling technique that utilizes minimal so-called diagram lines to restore the tooth anatomy. This procedure can be used by beginners and expert practitioners alike in various clinical situations to produce direct posterior composite restorations with optimal function and esthetics

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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