1,720,965 research outputs found
Composantes et interactions sociales en Crète néopalatiale (1700-1450 av. J.-C.) : investigation des données archéologiques
Full text linkSocial Components and Interactions in Neopalatial Crete (1700-1450 BC). Investigation of the archaeological data The thesis offers a new evaluation of an incriminated society. Based on the available archaeological data, a case is made for an invasion of the social sphere by an ideology which will lead to the homogenisation of Crete's societies. This phenomenon appears to constitute one of the main trends of the Neopalatial period. Given the scale of this subject, this research focuses on the identification of agents who, within Neopalatial society, embody social order of which the characteristics suggest it is in turmoil. The study uses a three-pronged approach, each angle treating consecutive topics: The Negotiation of the Past, The Constructed Form and The Instrumentalisation of Religious Practices. The first angle presents an analysis of Neopalatial funerary customs "of which the discretion during this period suggests a shift within the arena of social negotiation", and of the cults of ancestry and memorabilia. These particular aspects of material culture indicate the lack of a general instrumentalisation of the concepts of perspective and eternity during the Neopalatial period's social identity formation process. The second angle focuses on the exploitation of the built environment in three tiers. Firstly the perspective of the associated social units is considered. A second part analyses the labour investment required for architectural production. Once the extent of the social networks can be perceived, one realises that it is not formalised by architecture. A third tier, dealing with the metaphors of the built environment, refutes the existence of an identification process of social units with regard to their habitat. In brief, this part emphasises the relatively loose and informal character of social networks. A third topic attempts to elucidate on the shift within the social negotiation arena, underlined by the demonstrated discretion of funerary habits, by proposing a new framework. Neopalatial rites, placed inside the palatial sphere in a privileged manner, appear to be the product of an instrumentalisation of religious practices. Indeed, the latter, analysed from the perspective of ritual practices in the palaces, peak sanctuaries, structures and representations of a religious elite and the eminently ritual nature of prestige goods, tends to exceed other forms of social expression. Beyond the variability of forms and networks of social interaction, the thesis thus presents a case for the invasion of a society in full expansion by a phenomenon which transcends it and hence envisages establishment of a new social order.Cette thèse offre une lecture nouvelle de la société incriminée. Elle met en évidence, sur la base des seules données archéologiques, l'envahissement du "champ social" par une idéologie qui va tendre à l'homogénéisation des sociétés crétoises. Ce phénomène semble constituer l'une des singularités de la période néopalatiale. Face à l'ampleur du sujet, la démarche de la recherche a visé à saisir les agents signifiants en présence dans la société néopalatiale, caractérisant l'ordre social, dont les traits suggèrent que celui-ci est alors en plein bouleversement. L'investigation est composée de trois parties centrales, qui envisagent les thèmes successifs de la Négociation du passé, de la Forme construite et de l'Instrumentalisation des pratiques religieuses. Le premier thème consiste en une analyse des coutumes funéraires néopalatiales "dont la discrétion à cette période suggère un déplacement de l'arène de la négociation sociale", du culte des ancêtres et des "objets de mémoire". Ces aspects de la culture matérielle témoignent de l'absence d'une instrumentalisation généralisée des concepts de perspective et de pérennité dans la construction d'une identité sociale au Néopalatial. Le deuxième thème vise à exploiter la forme construite tout d'abord sous l'angle des unités sociales qui y furent associées, et ensuite par le biais de l'investigation de la main-d'oeuvre impliquée dans la production architecturale. Si l'étroitesse des réseaux sociaux est perceptible, on constate que celle-ci n'est pas formalisée par l'architecture. Un troisième angle d'approche, celui des métaphores de la forme construite, infirme quant à lui la présence d'un processus d'identification des unités sociales à leur habitat. Ce deuxième thème met donc en évidence le caractère lâche et non pas strictement formalisé des réseaux sociaux. Le troisième thème offre une tentative de réponse au déplacement de l'arène de la négociation sociale souligné dans la mise en évidence de la discrétion des coutumes funéraires, en proposant un nouveau cadre à celle-ci. Les rites néopalatiaux, placés de manière privilégiée dans le giron palatial, apparaissent en effet alors comme le fruit d'une instrumentalisation des pratiques religieuses. En effet cette dernière, que l'on a investiguée sous l'angle des pratiques rituelles au sein des palais, sous l'angle des sanctuaires de sommets, mais aussi selon les structures et représentations d'une élite religieuse et le caractère éminemment rituel des biens de prestige en circulation, tend à dépasser d'autres formes d'expression sociale. Au-delà de la fluidité des formes et des réseaux d'interactions sociales, la thèse met donc en évidence l'envahissement d'une société en pleine expansion par un phénomène qui vient la transcender et vise ainsi à établir un ordre social nouveau.Doctorat en philosophie et lettres (histoire de l'art et archéologie) (ARKE 3)--UCL, 200
Distribution sociale de l’architecture domestique à Ougarit
No full textDid Ugaritans gather in separate quarters of the city and, whether it is the case, how is it marked architecturally? Six criteria have been established which allow to classify 33 houses in terms of social stratification. These are groundsurface, use of ashlar, hydraulic equipment, funeral devices, modifications of the surface and organisation of the house. Their application seems to indicate a strong distinction between people from the north-western part of the tell and those living in the following trenches : « Centre de la ville », « Ville et Sud » and maybe « Sud Acropole ». Actually, investment in domestic architecture seems much more important in the Residential and North-western quarters. The landed mobility on the tell is also looked into through the established criteria
Analyse de l'investissement d'énergie dans l'architecture monumentale : application au Palais minoen de Gournia (Résumé du mémoire de licences)
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Le Quartier Nu (Malia, Crète). L'occupation néopalatiale
No full textL’article présente les résultats des sondages menés dans les niveaux néopalatiaux sous le Quartier Nu à Malia (Crète) entre 1988 et 1993. La stratigraphie, les vestiges architecturaux et le matériel décrits permettent d’identifier plusieurs unités domestiques détruites par un incendie à un stade avancé du Minoen Récent IA, peut-être lié à l’éruption du volcan de Santorin. L’architecture et les fragments d’enduits peints témoignent de la qualité de l’habitat néopalatial, qui reprend en partie les murs de l’occupation antérieure, protopalatiale, et dicte ensuite l’orientation du Quartier Nu au Minoen Récent IIIA2-B
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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