1,721,133 research outputs found
CWANA Regional Agronomy Community of Practice (ACoP) to exchange knowledge and learnings to accelerate adoption of science based innovations
No full textThe CGIAR Initiative on Fragility to Resilience in Central and West Asia and North Africa (F2R CWANA) has been established for each of the targets countries Agronomy Communities of Practice (ACoP) in Egypt, Sudan and Uzbekistan to stimulate the delivery and adoption of science-based innovations at scale to increase food and nutritional security with resilience. The establishment of ACoP in these countries is crucial to the exchange and dissemination of knowledge and learnings and foster collaboration amongst scientists, which is hindering technology transfer and overall agricultural development. ACoP bridges experts and practitioners and leverages the diverse expertise within the community to foster sustainable agricultural development
Report on: Current Status and Overview of Farm Mechanization in Uzbekistan – A Review
No full textMechanization covers all field works in agriculture, including processing technologies; it can be
started from hand tools to more sophisticated and motorized agricultural machinery.
Uzbekistan’s agriculture is one of the sectors of the economy which is the most regulated by the
state. The markets for many types of agricultural products and production resources and services
for the sector are not well developed. Hence this sector is in desperate need of reform. Modern
agriculture requires a wide range of technology, knowledge, and skills used by farmers and agri businesses, from operating modern machinery and equipment in open fields and greenhouses to
maintaining minimum safety, hygiene, and quality standards in all stages of production,
harvesting, post-harvesting, processing, and marketing. Today, agricultural enterprises have a
total of 255,586 units of mainly 20 different types of agricultural machinery. 65% of available
agricultural machinery is concentrated in commercial companies that provide agricultural
machines for fieldwork during crop growing season, 8% in newly established clusters, while 27%
belongs to farms and Shirkat farms. This report discusses challenges faced in the machinery
sector and technology infrastructure, including technical training, machinery dealer support,
repair and maintenance, and suggestions for the future
Key Drivers of Improved Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Intensive Wheat Systems in Egypt
No full textExcessive use of fertilizers and water, common in intensive farming systems, has led to diminishing returns, environmental degradation, increasing soil salinity, and increased production costs. In Egypt’s intensively cultivated irrigated drylands, average nitrogen use efficiency under farmers’ management is below 30%, indicating substantial losses of applied nitrogen. It is therefore crucial to develop and promote context-specific management practices that improve nutrient use efficiency, sustain agricultural production, and reduce environmental impacts, while identifying the main drivers of improved efficiency. This study shows that planting method (raised beds with furrow irrigation), phosphorus application rate, use of quality seed, organic matter inputs, variety choice, sowing time, number of tillage passes, and water management are key drivers for enhancing nitrogen use efficiency in intensified wheat system
Minimum Dataset Required to Collect from Agronomic Field Experimentation
No full textImplementing strategic field experimentation not only provide opportunities to solve
the research questions but also provide a useful way to address a number of
important issues in crop, soil, water, environmental and resource economics using
different analytical tools. As implementing field experimentation is resource intensive
(cost, time and energy), it is important to plan for collecting/generating standard data
set (both quality and minimum number)
Current Status and Overview of Farm Mechanization in Sudan
No full textThe agricultural sector forms the backbone of Sudanese life and is a key driver of the national
economy. In 2021, it provided employment and supported the livelihoods of 67% of the
population, contributing 26% to the GDP and 30% to export earnings. Since Sudan's
independence in 1956, the country’s agricultural policy has prioritized increasing crop
production by adopting high-yielding varieties and improving crop management practices,
including farm mechanization in both irrigated and rainfed systems. This policy received
support from international organizations like the World Bank, aimed at securing food for the
growing population. In 1964, the Sudanese government sought financial assistance for land
clearance and the establishment of mechanized farms. By the early 1970s, large-scale
agricultural schemes emphasizing mechanization were implemented. The establishment of the
Mechanized Farming Corporation (MFC) encouraged both private and government entities to
adopt mechanized farming, especially in Gedarif state, which became a hub for mechanized
rainfed farming and a significant contributor to national food production. Sudan was ranked as
one of the top countries in Africa with 24800 tractors of various sizes in 2008. The average
number of tractors between 2009-2013 was 31770 and was further raised to 47686 tractors in
2019. As a result, the total land area served by a single 85- horsepower (hp) tractor decreased
from 892 ha in 2014 to 602 ha in 2019. In addition, the number of seed drills and seeders nearly
doubled between 2015 and 2019 mainly due to the expansion of area under grain crop
cultivation, particularly wheat
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Conservation agriculture improves agronomic, economic, and soil fertility indicators for a clay soil in a rainfed Mediterranean climate in Morocco
No full textCONTEXT: Declining rainfall with increasing variability, increasing temperature extremes, and declining soil fertility are threatening crop production and ultimately food security in the rainfed Mediterranean environment in Morocco. Conservation agriculture (CA) practices such as reduced tillage, soil cover, and appropriate crop rotation are recognized as a set of adaptive agricultural systems in such climate-sensitive regions. Systematic evaluation of agronomic, economic, and soil fertility indicators with medium-and long-term adoption of CA in different crop rotations in such variable climatic conditions is needed to drive wider adoption of CA in the region. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to systematically evaluate agronomic, economic, and soil fertility indicators under CA and conventional tillage (CT) using field experimentation (medium-term) and simulation modeling (long-term) for a clay soil of a rainfed Mediterranean environment.
METHODS: Methodologies included the following: 1) Field experimentation for 5 years (2015–2019), comparing CA and CT in four major food crops: wheat, barley, lentil, and chickpea, conducted in Merchouch, Morocco. The objective was to determine the effect of CA on crop productivity, yield stability, profitability, precipitation use efficiency, and soil fertility indicators of individual crops and cropping systems. (2) Dynamic simulation modeling to understand the long-term effect of adopting CA and CT under cereal–legume and cereal–cereal rotation systems. Using 5 years of experimental data, we calibrated and validated a Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) model for four crops; and ran the model for 36 years for two major rotations
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