1,720,967 research outputs found
The Ideally Active: Frances Willard's Pedagogical Ministry
Get PDFAbstract This dissertation presents the teaching practices of temperance reformer Frances E. Willard. While Willard's work in temperance reform has been well documented, the pedagogical aspect of her life has not. I argue that Willard's form of rhetorical pedagogy enacted at two institutions--the Evanston College for Ladies and the Woman's Christian Temperance Union--retained the focus on creating a Christian citizen-orator often presented in histories as diminishing in importance in American educational institutions. Willard was positioned to continue this work despite its wane at the academy. She found that her form of pedagogy, which maintained an equilibrium between intellectual stimulation and ethical behavior, came into conflict with the late-nineteenth century academy's emphasis on purely intellectual endeavor and professionalization. At the Evanston College for Ladies, which later became the Woman's College at Northwestern University, Willard began a teaching practice that she later continued at the WCTU, an alternative educational institution. This practice emphasized spiritual guidance, engagement in social issues of the day, and a public voicing of this engagement in school and city newspapers and debates. In both institutions, Willard emphasized the means of delivering this social engagement, encouraging her students to be self-consciously "womanly," or in accordance with the expectations of middle-class Christianity. I present Willard's practice using the approach of historical ethnography. This inductive method does not provide a predetermined critical frame for the archival material. Instead, the documents are presented first, followed by conclusions driven by historically contemporaneous observations. Archival material is provided from Willard and her students in each institution--at the College and the Temperance Union--in an effort to create a dialogue of call and response, a voicing from both teacher and taught. I present an in-depth perspective of Willard's work in two different locations and provide context to these practices through Willard's speeches, books, journals, private letters, and autobiography. Those taught are presented in the Northwestern school paper, the Tripod, Chicago newspapers, meeting minutes of the school's literary societies and the Temperance Union, Union worker manuals, autobiographies, tributes to Willard, and private letters. I conclude that Willard's approach, which emphasizes many of the educational practices of an earlier period, was maintained at the WCTU with great success because it created an intellectual culture ensuring that female rhetoricians would be heard on platform, pulpit and paper. Jane Robson Graham Department of English The University of Kansas December 200
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Accessing Genre/Genre as Access
Get PDFThis dissertation project asks: How does writing shape access to particular actions, communities, and/or settings? The author adapts a framework for exploring the relationship between writing and access by synthesizing Rhetorical Genre Studies, which sees writing as patterned communicative actions in context, and Network Gatekeeping Theory, which offers a terminology to study the control and power over information or of people as they move through “gates” within a network (Barzilai-Nahon). This framework is then developed into a theory of genre and access through a four-month ethnography of three “genre networks,” a methodology that places a written genre as a node to then centrifugally trace actors, tools, and/or events that are involved or implicated in the genre’s social action across and between site boundaries. These three genre networks—Activity Guides, Master Plans, and Staff Reports—generally exist across a local government and its Parks and Recreation Department. Findings from these three genre networks allow the author to develop and articulate the various factors that shape the relationship between writing and access, including the who (the gated and gatekeeper), the what (gatekeeping processes), the how (gatekeeping mechanisms), and the why (gatekeeping rationales). Ultimately, this theory of genre and access allows writing researchers to untangle the relationship between writing and access across contexts so they can collaborate toward interventions or innovations that might increase access
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Effects of Informal Training on Graduate Teaching Assistants’ Response Beliefs
Get PDFAs recent studies have shown (Ferris, 2014; Reid, Estrem, & Belcheir, 2012), formalized types of pedagogical instruction may be less effective on new instructors than previously thought. In new instructors continuing to form beliefs about responding to student writing through their first years of teaching and training, they may continue to rely heavily on knowledge gained from extracurricular sources and prior experiences in shaping their beliefs about feedback. This study aims to examine these informal influences on feedback beliefs on beginning first-year writing instructors. Specifically, this study uses both surveys and interviews with teachers in their first two years of teaching at a single university in the United States to uncover influences on these individuals that result from informal training. The purpose of this study is to then examine how personal experiences, values, or beliefs based in their own experiences as students and writers may affect the beliefs with which instructors respond to their students’ writing in the classroom. This study suggests that informal training is a valuable tool to new teachers in helping to both motivate them to respond and assist them in a more concrete manner than formal training, and it should be taken into account in teacher training
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
- …
