90 research outputs found
Everyday conceptions of modesty: a prototype analysis
Get PDFGood theoretical definitions of psychological phenomena not only are rigorously formulated but also provide ample conceptual coverage. To assess the latter, we empirically surveyed everyday conceptions of modesty in a combined U.S./U.K. sample. In Study 1, participants freely generated multiple exemplars of modesty that judges subsequently sorted into superordinate categories. Exemplar frequency and priority served, respectively, as primary and secondary indices of category prototypicality that enabled central, peripheral, and marginal clusters to be identified. Follow-up studies then confirmed the ordinal prototypicality of these clusters with the aid of both explicit (Studies 2 and 3) and implicit (Study 3) methodologies. Modest people emerged centrally as humble, shy, solicitous, and not boastful and peripherally as honest, likeable, not arrogant, attention-avoiding, plain, and gracious. Everyday conceptions of modesty also spanned both mind and behavior, emphasized agreeableness and introversion, and predictably incorporated an element of humility
The why's the limit: curtailing self-enhancement with explanatory introspection
No full textSelf-enhancement is linked to psychological gains (e.g., subjective well-being, persistence in adversity) but also to intrapersonal and interpersonal costs (e.g., excessive risk taking, antisocial behavior). Thus, constraints on self-enhancement may sometimes afford intrapersonal and interpersonal advantages. We tested whether explanatory introspection (i.e., generating reasons for why one might or might not possess personality traits) constitutes one such constraint. Experiment 1 demonstrated that explanatory introspection curtails self-enhancement. Experiment 2 clarified that the underlying mechanism must (a) involve explanatory questioning rather than descriptive imagining, (b) invoke the self rather than another person, and (c) feature written expression rather than unaided contemplation. Finally, Experiment 3 obtained evidence that an increase in uncertainty about oneself mediates the effect
Thermodynamic analysis of the Brayton-cycle gas turbine under equilibrium chemistry assumptions
Get PDFA design-point thermodynamic model of the Brayton-cycle gas-turbine
under assumptions of perfect chemical equilibrium is described.
This approach is novel to the best knowledge of the author.
The model uniquely derives an optimum work balance between power
turbine and nozzle as a function of flight conditions and propulsor
efficiency.
The model may easily be expanded to allow analysis and comparison of
arbitrary cycles using any combination of fuel and oxidizer.
The model allows the consideration of engines under a variety of
conditions, from sea level/static to >20 km altitude and flight Mach
numbers greater than 4.
Isentropic or polytropic turbomachinery component efficiency standards
may be used independently for compressor, gas generator turbine and
power turbine.
With a methodology based on the paper by M.V. Casey, “Accounting
for losses” (2007), and using Bridgman’s partial differentials , the
model uniquely describes the properties of a gas turbine solely by
reference to the properties of the gas mixture passing through the
engine.
Turbine cooling is modelled using a method put forward by Kurzke.
Turboshaft, turboprop, separate exhaust turbofan and turbojet engines
may be modelled. Where applicable, optimisation of the power turbine
and exhaust nozzle work split for flight conditions and component
performances is automatically undertaken.
The model is implemented via a VB.net code, which calculates
thermodynamic states and controls the NASA CEA code for the
calculation of thermodynamic properties at those states. Microsoft
Excel® is used as a graphical user interface.
It is explained that comprehensive design-point cycle analysis may
allow novel approaches to off-design analysis, including engine health
management, and that further development may allow the automation of
cycle design, possibly leading to the discovery of opportunities for
novel cycles
Big Data, Big Libraries, Big Problems?: the 2014 LibTech Anti-talk?
Get PDFThe desire to create automatons is a familiar theme in human history, and during the age of the Enlightenment mechanical automatons became not only an “emblem of the cosmos”, but a symbol of man’s confidence that he would unlock nature’s greatest mysteries and fully harness her power. And yet only a century later, automatons had begun to represent human repression and servitude, a theme later picked up by writers of science fiction. Man’s confidence undeterred, the endgame of the modern scientific and technological mindset, or MSTM, seems to be increasingly coming into view with the rise of “information technology” in general and “Big data” in particular. Along with those who wield them, these can be seen as functioning together as a “mechanical muse” of sorts – surprisingly alluring – and, like a physical automaton can serve as a symbol – a microcosm – of what the MSTM sees (at the very least in practice) as the cosmic machine, our “final frontier”. And yet, individuals who unreflectively participate in these things – giving themselves over to them and seeking the powers afforded by the technology apart from technology’s rightful purposes – in fact yield to the same pragmatism and reductionism those wielding them are captive to. Thus, they ultimately nullify themselves philosophically, politically, and economically – their value increasingly being only the data concerning their persons, and its perceived usefulness. Likewise libraries, the time-honored place of, and symbol for, the intellectual flowering of the individual, will, insofar as they spurn the classical liberal arts (with the idea that things are intrinsically good, and in the case of humans, special as well) in favor of the alluring embrace of MSTM-driven “information technology” and Big data - unwittingly contribute to their irrelevance and demise as they find themselves increasingly less needed, valued, wanted. Likewise for the liberal arts as a whole, and in fact history itself, if the acid of a “science” untethered from what is, in fact, good (intrinsically), continues to gain strengt
Dural ectasia associated with Mounier-Kuhn syndrome: a novel association in the context of spinal stenosis
No full textComputer science
Get PDFEvery new technology brings new opportunity for crime, and information and communication technology (ICT) is no exception. This short article offers students of crime insights in the two main connections between ICT and criminology. On the one hand we show how ICT can be used as a tool, target, or location of crime. On the other hand we show how ICT can be used as a tool to study crime.Cyber Securit
Examining the association of body mass index and the depth of epidural space, radiation dose exposure and fluoroscopic screening time during transforaminal nerve block injection: a retrospective cohort study
No full textAB039. 154. Retrospective cohort study: transforaminal nerve block injection- the association between body mass index and the depth of epidural space, radiation dose exposure and fluoroscopic screening time
No full textBloody brothers and suffering sisters: The Duchess of Malfi and Harry Potter
Get PDFIn this chapter, the author suggests that siblings in the Harry Potter books are often a source of tension and trouble, and that at least some of the sibling relationships in the book are explicitly and emphatically pathologised in ways which, she propose, are directly informed by John Webster’s Jacobean tragedy The Duchess of Malfi. She explores the Harry Potter stories are unusually dark for children’s books, and they are in fact not an unlikely place to find echoes from long ago. The Potter books are as interested in the past as in the future, and indeed the entire trajectory of Harry’s career bears a surprising resemblance to family history. Harry and Hermione Granger are only children: Hermione was originally intended to have a non-magical younger sister, but she never appears in any of the books. The Harry books too are interested in the historical and social consequences of colonialism
Effects of Priming on Self-Reported COVID-19 Vaccination Intention
Get PDFThis study was designed to examine the effects of priming on vaccination intention. Participants were first primed with global COVID-19 data and then with specifically tailored vaccination information: “No information,” “benefit only,” “balanced benefits and risks,” or “risks only.” We hypothesized that participants in the benefit vaccine information group, (n = 16) and the balanced vaccine information group (n = 16) would show increased intention to receive the COVID-19 vaccine compared to the vaccine risk information group (n = 17) and the control, no vaccine information group (n = 16). Further, that the risk information group would have a decreased intention to receive the vaccine compared with the control group. A general COVID-19 knowledge and experience survey was completed after presentation of the vaccination information and vaccination intention measure. The results from the one-way ANOVA did not show any statistically significant differences (p = .136). However, a medium effect size was detected (η2 = .08). Tukey’s test results show no statistically significant differences between the groups. Medium effects sizes were detected which may indicate that something was happening between the groups, but our study did not have enough power to detect it
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