1,721,107 research outputs found
Unraveling monocyte/macrophage heterogeneity in the disturbed gut-liver axis in primary sclerosing cholangitis and ulcerative colitis
No full textApplication of the heme oxygenase-1/carbon monoxide pathway and the hydrogen sulfide pathway as new approach to prevent postoperative ileus
No full textTargeting angiogenic and inflammatory components of the tumor microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma
No full textHepatocellular carcinoma : refining selection criteria for liver transplantation and search for new therapeutic options
No full textModelling and prediction of chemical-induced human cholestatic liver injury : a mechanistic approach
No full textCholestatic liver insults constitute a major manifestation of drug-induced liver injury. Current in vivo
and in vitro approaches poorly detect drug-induced cholestatic liver injury, which is partly due to gaps
in the mechanistic understanding of this type of hepatotoxicity. This doctoral project tackles this hurdle
by providing a state-of-the-art scenario of the established as well as novel mechanisms that drive druginduced
cholestatic liver injury. In a first study, a liver-based in vitro system was optimized to
mechanistically study cholestasis, namely human hepatoma HepaRG cell cultures exposed to different
cholestatic drugs and bile acids. This in vitro system has shed new light on the mechanisms underlying
drug-induced cholestasis and has unveiled differences between different types of cholestasis as well as
between the in vitro and in vivo situation. In a second study, the newly developed in vitro system in
combination with other tools to predict cholestatic potential was evaluated for its application to
chemicals outside the pharmaceutical area, in particular industrial chemicals, cosmetics ingredients,
herbicides and food additives. It was found that further fit-for-purpose optimization is required for
general use of the in vitro setting. A third study investigated liver samples of cholelithiasis-induced
cholestasis patients and cholestatic mice by means of transcriptomic analysis in order to elucidate the
mechanistic framework of different types of cholestasis and simultaneously characterize the human
relevance of mouse models of cholestasis. Overall, this doctoral project has provided an important
contribution to the elucidation of mechanisms underlying chemical-induced cholestasis, based on both
in vitro as well as in vivo studies, and has yielded an in vitro setting fit for detecting drug-induced
cholestasis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Angiogenesis and macrophages as diagnostic and therapeutic targets in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
No full textVariations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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