572 research outputs found
Bioanalysis Young Investigator: Sadagopan Krishnan
No full text Supervisor’s supporting comments I am pleased to recommend Sadagopan Krishnan for the Bioanalysis Young Investigator award. Sadagopan is a bright, creative and highly-motivated young bioanalytical chemist. His theses in our laboratory involved the development of electrochemiluminescent arrays for chemical toxicity screening utilizing cytochrome P450 metalloenzymes. He was senior author of a paper in Analytical Chemistry on this that was featured on the cover. He also investigated fundamental properties of human metabolic cytochrome P450s – research was carried out at his own initiative, and explains for the first time the role of iron spin state on enzyme electron transfer rates. He then developed thin films that mimic the natural cytochrome P450 redox cycle for the first time. He worked with several other group members to develop a superparamagnetic labeling scheme for immunosensing of proteins by surface plasmon resonance at unprecedented low levels, down to 10 fg/ml. Sadagopan has also demonstrated strong leadership skills. After his PhD, Sadagopan joined the group of Fraser Armstrong at Oxford University, UK, as a postdoctoral fellow. He is currently expanding his research horizons into the area of biofuel cells. His eventual goal is to join the faculty of a major university and build a world-class research group in bioanalytical chemistry. </jats:p
Presence AI Version 2.0 – Unified Consciousness Simulation Framework (An Extension of TCSS + Ψ(U) Framework by Sethu Krishnan, 2025)
No full textPresence AI Version 2.0 expands the mathematical framework for conscious presence simulation in AI systems. It introduces multi-dimensional awareness, tracking memory, physiology, empathy, and ego-reactivity. This paper outlines the new formula (Ψₘ(U)) with its components, interprets scoring under extreme scenarios, and presents a roadmap for future versions leading up to a simulated soul in AI.Use of AI Assistance:
This document was developed using ChatGPT by OpenAI as a tool for organizing, formatting, and expanding upon the core concepts of the author’s original theory — Ego Safe Selection and Consciousness Mapping (TCSS + Ψ(U)).
All key ideas, equations, scoring logic, and the foundational consciousness model originated from the author. ChatGPT was used to assist with:
Structuring the Presence AI Version 2.0 framework
Generating formal mathematical expressions
Simulating test scenarios
Drafting clear, consistent academic language
Designing the version roadmap (v1 → v12)
Refining analogies and scoring interpretations
The AI did not originate any independent theory or claim authorship. All intellectual ownership remains with the author, Sethu Krishnan
Sunitha Krishnan i jej walka z seksualnym niewolnictwem kobiet w Indiach
No full textThis article introduces the silhouette of Hindu activist Sunitha Krishan, has been strongly committed to the fight against sexual slavery in India for 20 years. It presents the circumstances of the fact that she started her business, initiatives which was undertaken by her and what was the results of her activities. In summary form the article presents stories that Krishnan has collected by seeing with victims – women and children. The author also essays the presentation of Hindu models of femininity and she demonstrates their influence on the current situation of women. This text is largery based on online sources, articles published on the information portals, interviews with Krishnan and record during the conference with her participation.Niniejszy artykuł przybliża sylwetkę hinduskiej aktywistki Sunithy Krishan, która od 20 lat jest silnie zaangażowana w walkę z seksualnym niewolnictwem w Indiach. Przedstawia okoliczności, w jakich doszło do rozpoczęcia jej działalności, inicjatywy przez nią podejmowane oraz rezultaty działań. W skrótowej formie prezentuje opowieści, które zebrała Krishnan spotykając się z pokrzywdzonymi kobietami i dziećmi. Autorka podejmuje również próbę przedstawienia hinduskich modeli kobiecości i wykazania jaki mają one wpływ na obecną sytuację kobiet. Tekst oparty jest w dużej mierze na źródłach internetowych, artykułach publikowanych na portalach informacyjnych, wywiadach przeprowadzonych z Krishnan oraz zapisie konferencji z jej udziałem.Udostępnienie publikacji Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego finansowane w ramach projektu „Doskonałość naukowa kluczem do doskonałości kształcenia”. Projekt realizowany jest ze środków Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego w ramach Programu Operacyjnego Wiedza Edukacja Rozwój; nr umowy: POWER.03.05.00-00-Z092/17-00
Renal proximal tubular reabsorption of sodium, water and calcium are interconnected
No full textIntravascular volume is maintained by complex interplay between organ systems with a main role for renal sodium, and water handling. The glomerulus filters a large quantity of water and salt daily with the majority of sodium, water and calcium being reabsorbed from the proximal tubule (PT). The renal reabsorption of sodium, water and calcium are interconnected. Apical influx of sodium from the PT occurs via NHE3 in exchange for a cytosolic proton. Cytosolic sodium is excreted back into the blood via either sodium potassium ATPase or a sodium dependent bicarbonate transporter. The rate-limiting step for NHE3 activity is the presence of a cytosolic proton. This is generated by cytosolic carbonic anhydrase II (CAII), an enzyme mediating the catalysis of CO2 and H2O to form HCO3- and H+. CO2 and H2O enter the PT epithelial cell through the water channel aquaporin-1 (AQP1). Osmotically driven water flux across the PT also drives calcium reabsorption from this segment, a process linked by NHE3. CAII interacts with many membrane transporters including NHE1, AE1, MCT1 and NBCe1. We identified potential CAII binding sites in both NHE3 and AQP1. A primary hypothesis of this thesis is that CAII physically and functionally interacts with both NHE3 and AQP1. CAII and NHE3 were closely associated in a renal proximal tubular cell culture model as revealed by a proximity ligation assay. Direct physical interaction was confirmed in solid-phase binding assays with immobilized CAII and C-terminal NHE3 glutathione-S-transferase fusion constructs. To assess the effect of CAII on NHE3 function, we expressed NHE3 in a proximal tubule cell line and measured NHE3 activity. NHE3-expressing cells had a significantly greater rate of intracellular pH recovery than controls. Inhibition of endogenous CAII activity with acetazolamide significantly decreased NHE3 activity, indicating that CAII activates NHE3. To ascertain whether CAII binding per se activates NHE3, we expressed NHE3 with wild-type CAII, a catalytically inactive CAII mutant (CAII-V143Y), or a mutant unable to bind other transporters (CAII-HEX). NHE3 activity increased upon wild-type CAII coexpression, but not in the presence of the CAII-V143Y or HEX mutant. These studies support an association between CAII and NHE3 that increases the transporter's activity. CAII colocalizes with AQP1 in the renal proximal tubule. Expression of AQP1 with CAII increased water flux relative to AQP1 expression alone. Expression of catalytically inactive CAII failed to increase water flux through AQP1. Proximity ligation assays revealed close association of CAII and AQP1, an effect requiring an acidic cluster of amino acids in the cytosolic tail of AQP1. This motif was also necessary for CAII to increase AQP1-mediated water flux. Red blood cell ghosts resealed with CAII demonstrated increased osmotic water permeability compared with ghosts resealed with albumin. Renal cortical membrane vesicles isolated from CAII-deficient mice has reduced water flux, which is measured by stopped-flow light scattering. Water flux across renal cortical membrane vesicles, measured by stopped-flow light scattering, was reduced in CAII-deficient mice compared with wild-type mice. These data are consistent with CAII increasing water conductance through AQP1 by a physical interaction between the two proteins. Evaluation of urinary calcium excretion from humans and mice fed altered sodium containing diets revealed that urinary calcium excretion is proportionate to sodium intake. We hypothesized that angiotensin II mediated regulation of NHE3 activity is central to alterations in urinary calcium excretion in response to altered salt intake. To assess this possibility we performed mRNA and protein expression studies on sodium transporters and tight junction proteins along the nephron involved in sodium and calcium reabsorption. We did not find a significant decrease in the expression of these transporters when animals were fed high salt diets. This diet did however decrease renal renin mRNA expression. Previous studies found that the angiotensin-I receptor (AT1R) and NHE3 are expressed in the proximal tubule. Using a cell culture model we demonstrate that angiotensin II increases NHE3 membrane localization and enhances its activity. Thus we postulate that increased sodium intake decreases renin production, and AngII levels that in turn translocate NHE3 from the brush border to an endomembrane compartment. This would decrease both sodium reabsorption from the proximal tubule and consequently increase calcium excretion in the urine. Together these studies highlight an interconnection between sodium, water and calcium reabsorption from the renal proximal tubule
Propagation and delay-optimal safety messaging in vehicular networks
No full textVehicles that talk to each other are expected to unleash a broad spectrum of applications that will make road travel safer, faster, efficient and more entertaining. We study safety messaging, which enables applications that provide different levels of driver assistance to improve on-road safety, for different vehicular network scenarios. Initial deployments of safety applications in vehicles are expected to be sparse with support for event-driven messaging over a few wireless hops, for example, a car broadcasting messages when in distress. We propose GeoMAC, a protocol that exploits spatial diversity of forwarder nodes, and a geo-backoff mechanism to resolve contention between them, and achieves message delivery with smaller latency and jitter, and greater reliability. Eventually, all on-road vehicles will broadcast their state information, such as location and velocity, many times a second. Each vehicle’s state must be received in a timely manner and be refreshed periodically at all other vehicles of interest. The network objective of minimizing the system age, which we define, is then explored for single and multi-hop networks. For single-hop networks we assume a carrier-sense-multiple-access (CSMA) based sharing of the wireless medium. We show that the minimum system age cannot be achieved in 802.11 networks through pure MAC techniques. We propose, and evaluate on ORBIT, an application broadcast rate adaptation algorithm that allows nodes to locally adapt their messaging rate to keep the system age to a minimum. Next, we explore the benefits of a multi-hop wireless connectivity for a given physical network of on-road vehicles, when nodes can piggyback other nodes’ states. The system age optimization is formulated for arbitrary network graphs and round robin schedules. We show that, under certain conditions, significant improvements in system age may be obtained. For tree topologies, an algorithm that gives schedules that minimize system age is proposed. We end our study on messaging with an empirical evaluation of how enabling location prediction can help reduce rate of messaging and hence channel congestion. Finally, we measure and model the effect of a car’s own geometry, antenna placement, and of other cars in vicinity, on the vehicle-to-vehicle link and the network.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Sanjit Krishnan Kau
Data warehousing in the age of big data
No full textData Warehousing in the Age of the Big Data will help you and your organization make the most of unstructured data with your existing data warehouse. As Big Data continues to revolutionize how we use data, it doesn't have to create more confusion. Expert author Krish Krishnan helps you make sense of how Big Data fits into the world of data warehousing in clear and concise detail. The book is presented in three distinct parts. Part 1 discusses Big Data, its technologies and use cases from early adopters. Part 2 addresses data warehousing, its shortcomings, and new architectur
Low Cost Neuromotor Evaluation and Rehabilitation Technologies
No full textiv, 53 p.Under the guidance of Chandramouli Krishnan Ph.D., director of the University of Michigan NeuRRo Lab, the author developed and validated two tools for neuromoter evaluation and rehabilitation: a driving simulator for assessing the braking reaction time in individuals with neuromuscular disability and a neuronavigation system designed to augment transcranial magnetic stimulation sessions. The proprietary software developed as part of the systems was designed to provide low-cost, open source alternatives to existing software. This paper discusses the systems, gives context to the problems that they solve, and offers reflection on the internship experience. Validation results for each system are either under review or close to submission for publication and additionally included herein in their most current and complete forms
Soft, wireless electronics for the thermal characterization of skin and soft tissue
No full textExisting sensors to monitor physical biomarkers in living tissue are rigid, bulky and often require wired electronic connections for power and data transfer. Recent work has established a set of design principles that allow for the integration of traditionally rigid sensing electronics and wiring into form factors that are soft, flexible and stretchable. These sensors offer qualitative improvements in patient comfort and are comparable, if not superior to clinical gold standard technologies. The strong, conformal mechanical coupling between these sensors and underlying living tissue also opens new avenues for unusual sensing modalities with immediate applications in clinical medicine. Devices for the continuous thermal characterization of living tissue represent one such opportunity and the work presented here illustrates a set of materials, mechanics and electronics designs required to realize fully functional sensors for temperature and flow mapping through biological conduits. Advanced powering and data transmission and powering schemes relying on near-field communication and Bluetooth protocols allow the sensors to be continuously worn for extended periods. Measurements of hydration in outer skin layers, cerebrospinal fluid flow through indwelling ventricular shunts and blood flow through peripheral nerve vasculature represent three use cases in dermatology, neurosurgery and neuroscience, respectively. Systematic benchtop and theoretical studies illustrate the high levels of functionality of these devices, and IRB approved studies on over 30 patients and volunteers, along with comparisons to clinical gold standards highlight their potential beyond the laboratory.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2021-08-01The student, Siddharth Krishnan, accepted the attached license on 2019-06-01 at 19:10.The student, Siddharth Krishnan, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2019-06-01 at 19:14.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2019-06-11 at 10:22.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #14013 on 2019-11-26 at 13:59:35Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-26T20:56:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
KRISHNAN-DISSERTATION-2019.pdf: 5411259 bytes, checksum: 0b2ca8e724553c0cf7a13f453d15c5da (MD5)
LICENSE.txt: 4215 bytes, checksum: c21d3bc2b060793165b7f8650ed41dad (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2019-06-11Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113003
Lift date: 2021-11-26T20:56:50Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113003
Lift date: 2021-11-26T20:58:03Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113003
Lift date: 2021-11-26T20:58:44Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 113003
Lift date: 2021-11-26T20:59:54Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemLimited Restriction Lifted for Item 113003 on 2021-11-27T10:15:20Z
Byzantine faulty operation recovery and cost analysis of SPURT: A distributed randomness beacon
No full textA reliable source of randomness plays an integral part in the design of many cryptographic, security, and distributed system protocols. Yet, existing constructions of distributed random beacons still have limitations such as strong setup or network assumptions, and high computational and communication costs. SPURT a novel efficient distributed randomness beacon protocol does not require any trusted or expensive setup and is secure against a malicious adversary that controls up to one-third of the nodes in a partially synchronous network. One crucial property that SPURT guarantees is unpredictability, which ensures that every honest party is able to recover the random beacon value either before or soon (3 single trip message delays) after the adversary recovers it. This thesis presents the recovery mechanisms that let SPURT provide the above guarantee even in the presence of a malicious leader. We implement SPURT and evaluate it using a network of up to 128 nodes running in geographically distributed AWS instances. Analysis and experiments demonstrated that SPURT offers very high throughput, while only incurring reasonable overhead costs from the recovery mechanisms.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2023-05-01The student, Vinith Krishnan, accepted the attached license on 2021-04-21 at 17:08.The student, Vinith Krishnan, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2021-04-21 at 17:15.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2021-04-23 at 16:46.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #16480 on 2021-09-16 at 17:04:30Made available in DSpace on 2021-09-17T02:34:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
KRISHNAN-THESIS-2021.pdf: 634412 bytes, checksum: 74ca5ba6aca2738a27085a4c579de072 (MD5)
LICENSE.txt: 4212 bytes, checksum: c878f79dc3986ec827dbbec9c8c27670 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2021-04-23Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 118563
Lift date: 2023-09-17T02:34:57Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemAuthor requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Onl
Educating for the circular future: A bibliometric study on circular economy in educational settings
No full textBackground and Purpose: The circular economy (CE) has gained global momentum as a strategy to promote sustainability through resource efficiency and waste reduction. To instill sustainable mindsets in future generation, integrating CE in education is essential. However, a comprehensive understanding of scholarly contributions of CE in education remains limited. Therefore, the objective of this study is to map global research trends on CE in education by analyzing publication trends, influential author, leading countries and co-occurring author keywords clustering through a bibliometric study.
Methodology: A bibliometric analysis was conducted using VOSviewer software (version 1.6.18) based on data retrieved from Scopus database. A total of 1424 documents published between 2006 and July 2025 were analysed. Data collection was conducted between July 10 and 12, 2025. This study analysed publication trends, authors, institutions, countries productivity, author keyword co-occurrence and clustering.
Findings: The findings highlight a significant increase in publications, with influential authors, institutions and countries. One dominant keyword and 13 thematic clusters were identified, reflecting the growing interest and multidisciplinary nature of CE in education.
Contributions: By mapping research trajectories and key contributors, it offers a solid basis for advancing future research, guiding curriculum development, shaping education policy and strengthening CE-focused educational settings.
Keywords: Circular economy, education, sustainability, bibliometric analysis, keywords clustering.
Cite as: Krishnan, P., & Karpudewan, M. (2026). Educating for the circular future: A bibliometric study on circular economy in educational settings. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 11(1), 193-213. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol11iss1pp193-21
- …
