1,720,975 research outputs found
Cardinal orientation and melting temperature effects for PCM-enhanced light-walls in different climates
No full textThe use of Phase Change Materials (PCMs) in buildings, aimed at peak shavings and energy savings, has a long history and many applications. In the last decade, the use of PCMs embedded in thermal insulation layers for building envelopes become an interesting option for lightweight structures. Nevertheless, the possibility of profitably exploiting the thermal properties of PCMs is strongly affected by the harmonised combination of the parameters that determine the thermal consumption of the building. In order to analyse the effects of a PCM insulation layer in detail, this paper presents a complete dynamic model of a typical lightweight wall, containing a layer of PCMs, using a thermal model which also considers the hysteresis of specific heats. Five different cases were evaluated to study the effect of PCM positioning on energy utilisation in two different climates (Würzburg, Germany and Denver, USA), considering the effect of solar radiation on differently oriented walls, in summer. Results confirmed that the strong non-linearity of the PCMs’ behaviour and of the weather boundary condition deeply affect the thermal performance of the building, being the main reason for this effect an increase of the thermal capacity of the PCM layer and the external temperature
Port Energy Supply through An LNG-Powered Integrated Grid
No full textPorts are primary importance infrastructures when considering the transportation of people and goods across the planet. Two of the biggest issues linked to harbor areas are the pollutant emissions from moored ships, as well as the huge energy demand coming from ships and other activities that take place inside of the port boundaries. To tackle these challenges, the effort on the ship-side is to promote the transition to Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) propulsion, while on the harbor-side is to implement electrical ship feeding. In general, using LNG for bunkering purposes implies its storage onshore using dedicated tanks. The regasification of LNG in situ can be exploited to cool down a water-brine flow (i.e. ethyl-alcohol and water). The cold brine can be used to increase the efficiency of a standard inverse cycle to produce cold (i.e.-30°C) used for refrigeration purposes inside ports. Then, the NG flow can be used to produce electrical energy with a standard turbogas cycle with energy recovery from flue gases. The generated electricity directly runs the standard inverse cycle with ethyl-alcohol and water brine to completely fulfill the energy demand for cold thermal power. The electricity still available is then used to supply the onboard systems of moored ships, or otherwise is sold to the users operating in the port. The flue gas coming from the turbogas plant can be used to provide both heating and process heat, through a dedicated heat exchanger and a natural gas boiler. The new envisaged plant can exploit all possible useful effects coming from the regasification process, helping to push towards a greener energy management system in harbor areas, through smart operative integration of the several available energy systems and the implementation of efficient energy smart grids
Fire ventilation systems in a metro station equipped platform screen doors
No full textScope of this paper is to analyze a way to investigate an admissible solution for fire ventilation systems installed in a metro station equipped with Platform Screen Doors (PSD). Fire ventilation is related to fire scenarios involving generic events on the rolling stock present in the station. In order to evaluate capability and efficiency of desmoking systems, computational fluid dynamics analysis (CFD) have been developed, using Fire Dynamics Simulator software (FDS). Analysis have involved simulations in a model where different system configurations are applied. In all these models the railway platform area is delimited from the truck area by means of PSD system. System configurations assumed during the design provide for the possibility to operate ventilation from the train side using side and upper ventilation as well as platform level ventilation. Final ventilation strategies using under platform ventilation obtained excellent results in term of smoke and compliance of tenability criteria
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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