91 research outputs found
Beena Sarwar Author Archives in The Wire
No full textSeveral reports and opeds at this link https://thewire.in/author/beena-sarwa
Determination of microquantities of sulphate by ion exchange spectrophotometry
No full text817-819A simple method for the determination of micro-quantities of sulphate using ion exchange spectrophotometry is reported. Thiocyanate form of the Amberlite- IRA 400 resin is used as the ion exchanger. The optimum conditions such as column length and flow rate have been established. The method has been modified for the determination of sulphate in the presence
of interfering halides and sulphide ions. It has been applied to the determination of total concentration of anions in water and soil samples
Women in Indian Civilization: From Vedic to Contemporary Age/ ভারতীয় সভ্যতায় নারী : বৈদিক যুগ থেকে আধুনিক যুগ
No full textSince the Vedic Age, Women in India have always been hailed as an integral part of the society and considered as equal to men in every facet of life. In the Vedic Age, we came across at least 27 to 30 names of women of renown and scholarship such as Gargi, Maitreeye, Apala etc. These women were acclaimed as connoisseur of art, literature and philosophy with an enlightened vision to approximate the Supreme Being. In Devi Suktam in 10th Mandala of Rigveda, composed by the female Brahmavadin Vakh Rishi, declared herself as the Supreme Caretaker of the world. We find the reference of Goddess Ratri, who, in Rigveda, as the protector deity from the evil forces. Later, Swami Vivekananda had hailed Sita as the symbol of tolerance, stoic wisdom and hence, ideal of all Indian women. In fact, before the Abrahamic intrusion, the social status of women in India was high and admirable. In the Medieval and the Colonial period, women such as Queen Ahalyabai, Laxmibai and pious women such as Mother Sarada Devi, Bhubaneswari Devi deserve mention. Women revolutionaries such as Pritilata Waddedar, Beena Das, Ujjwala Mazumder fought against the British empire with great dedication, valour and undaunted spirit. Contrary to that, in the Western Civilization, women did not get the right to vote till 1920s. In Central Asian states such as Afghanistan, Pakistan, Syria, Iran, Iraq, women have still been treated as sub-human species devoid of any human right and social security. Thus, it is high time that we should introspect our past and rewrite the history based of evidences and facts, rather than biased preconceived notions. The purpose of this paper is to offer a diachronic study of the position of women in India through scriptures, evidences and objective overview of history
Emugel for topical drug delivery: A novel approach
No full textOver the last decades the treatment of disease has been accomplished by administering drug to human body via various routes namely oral, sublingual, rectal and parental etc. The topical drug delivery system generally used when the systems of drug administration fails or in local infection like fungal infection. The topical application of the drug offer the potential advantages for delivering the drug directly to the site of action and delivering the drug for extended period of time at the affected site that mainly acts at the related region. Topical drug delivery can be defined as the application of a drug containing formulation to the skin to directly treat cutaneous disorder e.g. acne or the cetaceous disorder. The various groups of semisolid preparations, the use of gels has expanded both in cosmetics and in pharmaceutical preparations. Despite of several advantages of gels there is a major limitation in delivery of hydrophobic drug moiety. This limitation can be overcome by the use of novel topical drug delivery i.e. Emulgel. Emulgel is one of the recent technologies in NDDS used topically having characteristics of dual control release i.e. emulsion as well as gel. Emulgel are having major advantages on novel vesicular systems as well as on conventional systems in various aspects. Emulgel for dermatological use have several favorable properties such as being thixotropic, greaseless, easily spreadable, emollient, non-staining; water soluble, longer shelf life, bio-friendly, transparent and pleasing appearance
Histopathological Spectrum of Diseases in Gallbladder
No full textIntroduction: Gallstones are the commonest biliary pathology, the incidence ranging from 10% to 20% of the world population. Over 95% of biliary tract disease is attributable to cholelithiasis. Gallbladder stones are known to produce histopathological changes in the gallbladder.
Aim: To study spectrum of gallbladder diseases in cholecystectomy specimens and the incidence of various neoplastic and non neoplastic lesions occurring in gallbladder.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted from June 2013 to June 2015 in the Department of Pathology, K S Hegde Medical Academy. A total of 200 cases of cholecystectomy specimens were stained using Hematoxylin and Eosin and evaluated.
Results: Gallstones and associated diseases were more common in women within 4th to 5th decade, with a maximum number of patients being 41 to 50 years. Histopathologically the most common diagnosis was chronic cholecystitis followed by acute or chronic cholecystitis. There were 6 cases of acute cholecystitis, 5 cases of cholesterolosis, 2 cases of Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis and one case each on empyema and carcinoma. In chronic cholecystitis and cholesterolosis female preponderance was observed while in all the other lesions male predominance was seen. Gallstones were present in 130 cases and significantly associated with various lesions. Pigment stones were most common. The present study carried out in our institution showed gallbladder malignancy was uncommon and was seen only in one case.
Conclusion: Almost all of the gallbladder lesions are inflammatory in origin, of which the most common disease being chronic cholecystitis in female of 30–40 years presenting with abdominal pain. Thirdly, pigmented gall stones were found to be the most common etiology of chronic cholecystitis and malignancy of the gallbladder in this population is a rare occurrence
Cause of pendency of cases in India: An analysis
No full textIn India, the pending of court cases and the consequence of deprivation of basic human rights is a question of quality and effectiveness in the country's judicial system. Indian courts have a huge backlog of litigation, which would take several years to clear if the system continues to operate at its current level of efficiency. One of the grey areas in which our justice delivery system has fallen short of the public's expectations is the judiciary's failure to provide justice quickly. One of the most significant issues facing the judiciary is the delay in the administration of justice. In this research paper, the author discusses the problems with the Indian judiciary and the need to strengthen court management in order to reduce case pending times
Mössbauer spectroscopic study of the test well (DND) located in Jaisalmer Basin of Rajasthan, India
No full textAbstract 1294: Prevalence and spectrum of germline rare variants in <i>BRCA1/2</i> and <i>PALB2</i> among breast cancer cases in Sarawak, Malaysia
No full textAbstract
Germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes result in predisposition to breast and ovarian cancer. Detection of BRCA mutation carriers can lead to improved prevention and therapeutic interventions such as the targeted therapy using poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, which are particularly effective in BRCA mutation carriers. The spectrum of BRCA mutations varies depending on geographic origin, population, and ethnic group; however, the prevalence of BRCA mutations in non-Caucasian populations has been poorly characterized, particularly in a population-based setting. The goal of this study was to characterize the spectrum of germline mutations in BRCA1/2 and PALB2 in unselected breast cancer cases who were seen in Sarawak General Hospital, Malaysia, where 93% of the breast cancer patients in Sarawak are treated. We performed targeted sequencing using a validated AmpliSeq panel on 467 cases with available risk factor questionnaire and clinical follow-up data. Breast cancer subtypes were defined by the joint expression of ER, PR, and HER2. Common variants with frequency &gt;1% in any public database (1000 Genome, Exome Sequencing Project, The Exome Aggregation Consortium) were excluded. Pathogenic variants included known pathogenic variants in ClinVar, loss of function variants (frameshift and stop-gain), and variants that alter the first or second base of the splice site. Variants of unknown significance (VUS) were also defined using the ClinVar classification. We found 10 BRCA1 pathogenic variants in 12 patients, 10 BRCA2 pathogenic variants in 15 patients, and 4 PALB2 pathogenic variants in 4 patients, which gave a BRCA mutation prevalence of 5.78% among the unselected breast cancer cases in this population. All these variants were extremely rare in the general population (&lt;0.05%). Only 4 of them were recurrent variants (2 in BRCA1 and 2 in BRCA2) and all four are known variants that were reported previously in other populations. In addition, we identified a novel deleterious mutation (stop-gain) that has never been reported and a number of VUS variants in this population. Patients with pathogenic BRCA and PALB2 variants were associated with an earlier age at onset (7 years younger, p=0.0005), a positive family history (20% higher, p=0.01), and the triple-negative (TN) subtype (56% vs. 18%, p&lt;0.0001), compared to patients without mutations. Mutation carrier cases had worse survival compared to non-carriers, however, the association was mostly driven by the higher frequency of TN in mutation carriers. Our study for the first time reported the prevalence of germline mutations in BRCA and PALB2 in a quasi-population-based case series unselected for age and family history in an under-studied Asian population. Our results may have important clinical implications for performing genetic testing on selected patients in a low-resource setting.
Citation Format: Xiaohong (Rose) Yang, Beena Devi, Hyuna Sung, Jennifer Guida, Yanzi Xiao, Lisa Garland, Nan Hu, Maria Rodriguez-Herrera, Chaoyu Wang, Kristine Jones, Wen Luo, Belynda Hicks, Tieng Swee Tang, Karobi Moitra, Mike Dean. Prevalence and spectrum of germline rare variants in BRCA1/2 and PALB2 among breast cancer cases in Sarawak, Malaysia [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 1294. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-1294</jats:p
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