131,485 research outputs found
Papers of Ernst Leumann (50): Die drei kurzen Bhāsyen des Devendra I. Caityavandanā-bhāṣya, II. Vandanaka-bhāṣya, II. Pratyākhyāna-bhāṣya : mit auf d. gegenüberstehenden Seiten d. Abschrift eingetragenen Auszügen aus d. avacūri Jñānasāgara's zu I u. d. avacūri Somasundara's zu II & III
No full textDie drei kurzen Bhāsyen des Devendra I. Caityavandanā-bhāṣya, II. Vandanaka-bhāṣya, II. Pratyākhyāna-bhāṣya : mit auf d. gegenüberstehenden Seiten d. Abschrift eingetragenen Auszügen aus d. avacūri Jñānasāgara's zu I u. d. avacūri Somasundara's zu II & IIIKatalognummer: 50Medium/Umfang: 23 S.Kommentatoren: Jñānasāgara, SomasundaraProjektmetadaten:20 : Die drei kurzen Bhāsyen des Devendra I. Caityavandanā-bhāṣya, II. Vandanaka-bhāṣya, II. Pratyākhyāna-bhāṣya : mit auf d. gegenüberstehenden Seiten d. Abschrift eingetragenen Auszügen aus d. avacūri Jñānasāgara's zu I u. d. avacūri Somasundara's zu II & III
27 : Vandanaka-bhāṣya
27a: Pratyākhjyāna-bhāṣya
27b: Caityavandanā-bhāṣya
40 : Devendra
51 : Jñānasāgara
51a: Somasundara
77 : 23 S.
90 : 5
Devendra pardalis
No full textDevendra pardalis (Simon, 1898) Figures 9A–C, 10, 14 Compostichomma pardale SImOn, 1898b: 240, FIg. 228 (FEmAlE lEctOtypE And pArAlEctOtypE, hErE dEsIgnAtEd, #18302 (pArt), FrOm KAndy, SrI LAnkA, dEpOsItEd In MNHN, ExAmInEd). SImOn 1898A: 8. Devendra pardale, LEhtInEn 1967: 228, FIg. 91 (trAnsFEr tO Devendra); GrIswOld 1993: 7. D. pardalis, WSC 2017. Note. Originally this species was described based on three females collected in Kandy, Sri Lanka, but one of the syntypes was not conspecific with the remaining two. We describe this specimen as D. saama sp. nov. Diagnosis. Females of D. pardalis can be diagnosed from females of other Devendra species by having the epigynum with median lobe rounded posteriorly (Figs 9C, 10A), the vulva with the head of spermathecae arising from a short tubercle on main body of the spermatheca and the opening to the copulatory ducts broad (Fig. 10B, C). DesCription. Female (MNHN 18302, lectotype): Total length 7.08. Carapace 3.40 long, 2.60 wide, 1.08 high; clypeus 0.15 high. Eye diameters: AME 0.14, ALE 0.08, PME 0.13, PLE 0.14. Chelicerae 1.56 long; sternum 1.54 long, 1.28 wide; labium 0.64 long, palpal coxae 1.12 long. Spination as in genus description. Leg measurements (Femur + Patella + Tibia + Metatarsus + Tarsus = [Total]): I: 2.25 + 1.12 + 1.92 + 1.75 + 1.33 = 8.37; II: 2.17 + 1.08 + 1.62 + 1.67 + 1.25 = 7.79; III: 1.96 + 0.92 + 1.33 + 1.92 + 1.08 = 7.21; IV: 2.58 + 1.08 + 2.08 + 3.08 + 1.54 = 10.36. Leg formula 4132. Epigynum: oval epigynal plate; transverse fold dividing median lobe and lateral lobes (Fig. 10A, B). Spermathecae rounded with small projection with glandular opening (Fig. 10C). Male. Unknown. Material examined. Only the types. Variation. Female (N= 2): total length 5.15–7.10; carapace length 2.40–3.42; femur I 1.50–2.25. Distribution. Known only from the type locality at Kandy in Sri Lanka (Fig. 14).Published as part of Polotow, Daniele & Griswold, Charles, 2017, Cleaning old cabinets: revealing the taxonomy of Sri Lankan wolf spiders (Araneae, Udubidae and Zoropsidae), pp. 51-74 in Zootaxa 4362 (1) on pages 65-66, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4362.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/107617
Vitamin D regulating TGF-β induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition
No full text151article 146 (13 pages)1
Vitamin D Supplementation Reduces Induction of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Allergen Sensitized and Challenged Mice.
No full textAsthma is a chronic disease of the lung associated with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), airway obstruction and airway remodeling. Airway remodeling involves differentiation of airway epithelial cells into myofibroblasts via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to intensify the degree of subepithelial fibrosis. EMT involves loss in E-cadherin with an increase in mesenchymal markers, including vimentin and N-cadherin. There is growing evidence that vitamin D has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of these effects are still unclear. In this study, we examined the contribution of vitamin D on the AHR, airway inflammation and expression of EMT markers in the airways of mice sensitized and challenged with a combination of clinically relevant allergens, house dust mite, ragweed, and Alternaria (HRA). Female Balb/c mice were fed with vitamin D-sufficient (2000 IU/kg) or vitamin D-supplemented (10,000 IU/kg) diet followed by sensitization with HRA. The density of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung histology, and expression of EMT markers by immunofluorescence were examined. Vitamin D-supplementation decreased AHR, airway inflammation in the BALF and the features of airway remodeling compared to vitamin D-sufficiency in HRA-sensitized and -challenged mice. This was accompanied with increased expression of E-cadherin and decreased vimentin and N-cadherin expression in the airways. These results indicate that vitamin D may be a beneficial adjunct in the treatment regime in allergic asthma
FOXO1 Mediates Vitamin D Deficiency–Induced Insulin Resistance in Skeletal Muscle
No full textProspective epidemiological studies have consistently shown a relationship between vitamin D deficiency, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). This is supported by recent trials showing that vitamin D supplementation in prediabetic or insulin-resistant patients with inadequate vitamin D levels improves insulin sensitivity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying vitamin D deficiency-induced insulin resistance and DM2 remain unknown. Skeletal muscle insulin resistance is a primary defect in the majority of patients with DM2. Although sustained activation of forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) in skeletal muscle causes insulin resistance, a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and FOXO1 activation in muscle is unknown. We generated skeletal muscle-specific vitamin D receptor (VDR)-null mice and discovered that these mice developed insulin resistance and glucose intolerance accompanied by increased expression and activity of FOXO1. We also found sustained FOXO1 activation in the skeletal muscle of global VDR-null mice. Treatment of C2C12 muscle cells with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (VD3) reduced FOXO1 expression, nuclear translocation, and activity. The VD3-dependent suppression of FOXO1 activation disappeared by knockdown of VDR, indicating that it is VDR-dependent. Taken together, these results suggest that FOXO1 is a critical target mediating VDR-null signaling in skeletal muscle. The novel findings provide the conceptual support that persistent FOXO1 activation may be responsible for insulin resistance and impaired glucose metabolism in vitamin D signaling-deficient mice, as well as evidence for the utility of vitamin D supplementation for intervention in DM2
Analysis of Immunomodulatory Effects of Vitamin D in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Airway Remodeling in Allergic Airway Inflammation.
No full textThe first line of defense from environmental factors in the host is the epithelium. In the lung, the epithelial layer provides not only a passive physical barrier, but also acts as an active protector through the release of antimicrobial agents, cytokines, and other factors which can activate the innate and adaptive immune system. Patients that suffer from asthma, a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, show pathological changes in the airways, including airway remodeling, basement membrane thickening, and epithelial damage with large immune cell infiltrate. How the epithelium contributes to airway remodeling and subepithelial fibrosis is unknown. However, it has been proposed that in inflammatory conditions, epithelial cells can undergo modifications that contribute to the pathophysiology of asthma. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a process by which epithelial cells transition into a myofibroblast cell with enhanced migratory ability to secrete connective tissue.
Vitamin D has been shown to have immunomodulatory properties in both innate and adaptive immunity. The relationship between asthma and vitamin D deficiency has been linked with increased asthma pathogenesis. The active form of vitamin D, calcitriol, exerts its actions through the vitamin D receptor (VDR) inducing a number of biological processes.
To better understand the mechanisms underlying EMT and the nature of vitamin D modulation in the airway epithelium, human bronchial epithelial cells were stimulated with both calcitriol and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 or TGF-β2. These cells were analyzed for their expression of EMT markers and their functional invasive and migratory properties. Both TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 increased the expression of EMT markers, Snail, N-cadherin, and vimentin, and decreased the expression of E-cadherin. Calcitriol inhibited the effect of both TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 on the expression of EMT markers. Calcitriol also prevented the migratory and invasive actions of the cells following exposure to TGF-β1 and TGF-β2. In order to examine the in vivo significance of these findings, an allergic airway inflammatory mouse model of asthma was utilized to examine the expression of the EMT markers. Mice were sensitized and challenged with a combination of clinically relevant allergens house dust mite, ragweed, and Alternaria alternata (HRA), and fed a special vitamin D-sufficient or vitamin D-supplemented diet. HRA-vitamin D-supplemented mice had increased pulmonary function, as measured by airway hyperresponsiveness, increased cellular infiltrate in their bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, decreased vimentin and N-cadherin with increased expression in E-cadherin in the epithelium compared to HRA mice on a vitamin D-sufficient diet. Finally, vitamin D-deficient HRA mice were analyzed for the effect of vitamin D on airway hyperresponsiveness, airway remodeling, and markers associated with the regulation of vitamin D and EMT. Vitamin D-deficient HRA mice had decreased pulmonary function, increased eosinophils and lymphocytes in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, decreased VDR expression, and increased phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β. The effect of vitamin D on VDR and pGSK-3β was also analyzed in human bronchial epithelial cells treated with TGF-β1 or TGF-β2. Inflammatory conditions used to mimic EMT resulted in the decreased expression of VDR along with increased pGSK-3β.
The findings of this study suggest that epithelial changes in the airway may be mediated through EMT mechanisms and could be modulated by vitamin D. Therefore, vitamin D may provide a therapeutic role in attenuating allergic airway inflammation.ProQuest Traditional Publishing Optionxvii, 127 page
Non linear finite element analysis and size effect study of a metal-reinforced ceramic composite
No full textDr. Devendra Garg
No full textThis paper presents a rational approach to construct thermal circuit networks equivalent to a discretization of the heat equation by the finite element method. Elemental thermal circuit networks are developed, which correspond to the linear and cubic Hermite elements in the 1-D case, to the triangular and rectangular elements in the 2-D case, and to the tetrahedral and cube elements in the 3-D case. These thermal circuit networks are to be 18 Nov 1997, 12:2
Foreign Capital, Inflation, Sterilization, Crowding-Out and
No full textThis paper discusses some puzzles in the contemporary macroeconomic scene in India, from the perspective of public finance and economic development. These include a fiscal deficit higher than it was during the 1991 crisis, but without a large current account deficit or rise in inflation or interest rates, a rising inflow of external capital, accompanied by the RBI’s sterilizing these inflows and accumulating large reserves, even in the face of low inflation. We offer a critique of some previous analyses, and some models that are suggestive of how real and monetary factors might be integrated in providing a firmer grounding for the policy debates current in India.foreign capital, sterilization, absorption, crowding out, inflation, growth
Devendra amaiti Polotow & Griswold 2017, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Devendra amaiti</i> sp. nov. <p>Figures 13D–F, 14</p> <p> <i>Campostichomma seriatum</i> SImOn, 1898A: 8 (mIsIdEntIFIcAtIOn) <b>Type material.</b> Female holotype (syntype of <i>D. seriatus</i>), #18337 (part) from Nuwara Eliya, Sri Lanka deposited in the MNHN.</p> <p> <b>Etymology</b>. The species name is a noun in apposition taken from the Tamil word for “peace.”</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Females of <i>D. amaiti</i> can be diagnosed from females of other <i>Devendra</i> species by having the median lobe of epigynum trapezoidal, angularly convex posteriorly (Fig. 13D) and the vulva with the head of the spermathecae sessile on the main spermathecae and the fertilization ducts arising from an elongate tube (Fig. 13E, F).</p> <p> <b>DesCription.</b> Female (holotype): Total length 4.67. Markings as in Fig. 9A, D. Carapace 2.42 long, 1.75 wide, 0.83 high; clypeus 0.07 high. Eyes diameter: AME 0.07, ALE 0.10, PME 0.09, PLE 0.10. Chelicerae 1.00 long; sternum 1.08 long, 0.96 wide; labium 0.40 long; palpal coxae 0.76 long. Spination as in genus description. Leg measurements (Femur + Patella + Tibia + Metatarsus + Tarsus = [Total]): I: 1.71 + 0.79 + 1.33 + 1.17 + 0.92 = 5.92; II: 1.42 + 0.75 + 1.12 + 1.12 + 0.92 = 5.33; III: 1.37 + 0.67 + 0.96 + 1.25 + 0.83 = 5.08; IV: 1.83 + 0.75 + 1.46 + 2.33 + 1.17 = 7.54. Leg formula 4123. Epigynum: large epigynal plate; curved fold dividing median lobe and lateral lobes (Fig. 13D, E). Spermathecae small and with an apical glandular opening (Fig. 13F).</p> <p> <b>Male</b>. Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Only the type.</p> <p> <b>Distribution.</b> Known only from the type locality at Nuwara Eliya in Sri Lanka (Fig. 14).</p>Published as part of <i>Polotow, Daniele & Griswold, Charles, 2017, Cleaning old cabinets: revealing the taxonomy of Sri Lankan wolf spiders (Araneae, Udubidae and Zoropsidae), pp. 51-74 in Zootaxa 4362 (1)</i> on pages 70-71, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4362.1.3, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/1076176">http://zenodo.org/record/1076176</a>
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