1,720,991 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Suivi du patient transplanté rénal traité par tacrolimus par pharmacocinétique de population et machine learning
No full textTacrolimus, the cornerstone of immunosuppressive therapy in solid organ transplantation, has a narrow therapeutic range and significant inter-individual variability that rapidly exposes the patient to the risk of under- or overexposure. In either situation (under or overexposure), the risk to the patient is not negligible. Under-exposure increases the risk of rejection and over-exposure increases the risk of adverse effects (nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, post-transplant diabetes, infections, etc.), hence the need for therapeutic pharmacological monitoring of this molecule. To date, the relationship between therapeutic efficacy and exposure indices is well established, but the relationship between adverse effects is still under debate. In this thesis, we focused on developing tools, using population pharmacokinetics and machine learning, to predict tacrolimus exposure but also to estimate renal function and exposure to an anti-infective drug used in transplant patients. We have also developed markers to follow longitudinal exposure in order to explore the influence of cumulative exposure and a fortiori that of cumulative overexposure to tacrolimus on the occurrence of adverse events, including the occurrence of post-transplant diabetes.Le tacrolimus, pierre angulaire de la thérapie immunosuppressive dans la transplantation d’organe solide, possède un intervalle thérapeutique étroit ainsi qu’une variabilité interindividuelle importante exposant rapidement le patient à un risque de sous- ou surexposition. Quelle que soit la situation (sous- ou surexposition), le risque encouru par le patient n’est pas négligeable. La sous-exposition augmente les risques de survenue d’un rejet et la surexposition celui d’apparition d’effets indésirables (néphrotoxicité, neurotoxicité, diabète post-transplantation, infections…), motivant la mise en place du suivi thérapeutique pharmacologique pour cette molécule. A ce jour, la relation entre l’efficacité thérapeutique et les indices d’exposition est bien établie cependant celle concernant les effets indésirables restent encore à débat. Dans ces travaux de thèse, nous nous sommes focalisés sur le développement d’outils, utilisant la pharmacocinétique de population et le machine learning, pour prédire l’exposition au tacrolimus mais également estimer la fonction rénale et l’exposition à un anti-infectieux, utilisé chez le transplanté. Nous avons aussi développé des marqueurs de suivi de l’exposition longitudinale afin d’explorer l’influence de l’exposition cumulée et a fortiori celle de la surexposition cumulée au tacrolimus sur la survenue d’effets indésirables notamment la survenue de diabète post-transplantation
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Monitoring of renal transplant patients treated with tacrolimus using population pharmacokinetics and machine learning
No full textLe tacrolimus, pierre angulaire de la thérapie immunosuppressive dans la transplantation d’organe solide, possède un intervalle thérapeutique étroit ainsi qu’une variabilité interindividuelle importante exposant rapidement le patient à un risque de sous- ou surexposition. Quelle que soit la situation (sous- ou surexposition), le risque encouru par le patient n’est pas négligeable. La sous-exposition augmente les risques de survenue d’un rejet et la surexposition celui d’apparition d’effets indésirables (néphrotoxicité, neurotoxicité, diabète post-transplantation, infections…), motivant la mise en place du suivi thérapeutique pharmacologique pour cette molécule. A ce jour, la relation entre l’efficacité thérapeutique et les indices d’exposition est bien établie cependant celle concernant les effets indésirables restent encore à débat. Dans ces travaux de thèse, nous nous sommes focalisés sur le développement d’outils, utilisant la pharmacocinétique de population et le machine learning, pour prédire l’exposition au tacrolimus mais également estimer la fonction rénale et l’exposition à un anti-infectieux, utilisé chez le transplanté. Nous avons aussi développé des marqueurs de suivi de l’exposition longitudinale afin d’explorer l’influence de l’exposition cumulée et a fortiori celle de la surexposition cumulée au tacrolimus sur la survenue d’effets indésirables notamment la survenue de diabète post-transplantation.Tacrolimus, the cornerstone of immunosuppressive therapy in solid organ transplantation, has a narrow therapeutic range and significant inter-individual variability that rapidly exposes the patient to the risk of under- or overexposure. In either situation (under or overexposure), the risk to the patient is not negligible. Under-exposure increases the risk of rejection and over-exposure increases the risk of adverse effects (nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, post-transplant diabetes, infections, etc.), hence the need for therapeutic pharmacological monitoring of this molecule. To date, the relationship between therapeutic efficacy and exposure indices is well established, but the relationship between adverse effects is still under debate. In this thesis, we focused on developing tools, using population pharmacokinetics and machine learning, to predict tacrolimus exposure but also to estimate renal function and exposure to an anti-infective drug used in transplant patients. We have also developed markers to follow longitudinal exposure in order to explore the influence of cumulative exposure and a fortiori that of cumulative overexposure to tacrolimus on the occurrence of adverse events, including the occurrence of post-transplant diabetes
Suivi du patient transplanté rénal traité par tacrolimus par pharmacocinétique de population et machine learning
No full textTacrolimus, the cornerstone of immunosuppressive therapy in solid organ transplantation, has a narrow therapeutic range and significant inter-individual variability that rapidly exposes the patient to the risk of under- or overexposure. In either situation (under or overexposure), the risk to the patient is not negligible. Under-exposure increases the risk of rejection and over-exposure increases the risk of adverse effects (nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, post-transplant diabetes, infections, etc.), hence the need for therapeutic pharmacological monitoring of this molecule. To date, the relationship between therapeutic efficacy and exposure indices is well established, but the relationship between adverse effects is still under debate. In this thesis, we focused on developing tools, using population pharmacokinetics and machine learning, to predict tacrolimus exposure but also to estimate renal function and exposure to an anti-infective drug used in transplant patients. We have also developed markers to follow longitudinal exposure in order to explore the influence of cumulative exposure and a fortiori that of cumulative overexposure to tacrolimus on the occurrence of adverse events, including the occurrence of post-transplant diabetes.Le tacrolimus, pierre angulaire de la thérapie immunosuppressive dans la transplantation d’organe solide, possède un intervalle thérapeutique étroit ainsi qu’une variabilité interindividuelle importante exposant rapidement le patient à un risque de sous- ou surexposition. Quelle que soit la situation (sous- ou surexposition), le risque encouru par le patient n’est pas négligeable. La sous-exposition augmente les risques de survenue d’un rejet et la surexposition celui d’apparition d’effets indésirables (néphrotoxicité, neurotoxicité, diabète post-transplantation, infections…), motivant la mise en place du suivi thérapeutique pharmacologique pour cette molécule. A ce jour, la relation entre l’efficacité thérapeutique et les indices d’exposition est bien établie cependant celle concernant les effets indésirables restent encore à débat. Dans ces travaux de thèse, nous nous sommes focalisés sur le développement d’outils, utilisant la pharmacocinétique de population et le machine learning, pour prédire l’exposition au tacrolimus mais également estimer la fonction rénale et l’exposition à un anti-infectieux, utilisé chez le transplanté. Nous avons aussi développé des marqueurs de suivi de l’exposition longitudinale afin d’explorer l’influence de l’exposition cumulée et a fortiori celle de la surexposition cumulée au tacrolimus sur la survenue d’effets indésirables notamment la survenue de diabète post-transplantation
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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