1,721,118 research outputs found
Differenziali territoriali di produttività ed efficienza e sviluppo dualistico
Full text linkIn the present work we argue that in order to appraise the explanatory power of the existing explanations of dualism in the Italian economy it is important to examine their empirical predictions relatively to the territorial dispersion of some efficiency measures. Applying the non-parametric FDH and DEA procedures to firm-level data taken from three surveys of Mediocredito Centrale, we calculate for the 1990s measures of technical, scale and allocative efficiency. The results point to significant territorial differentials, which penalise firms from the Mezzogiorno. These differentials are particularly strong for technical efficiency, while they are less strong and frequent for scale and allocative efficiency
Alcune considerazioni sul mercato del lavoro italiano alla luce dellaricostruzione delle serie storiche territoriali per il mercato del lavoro, 1861-2011
Full text linkThis note aims to provide an initial assessment of the territorial labor-market data reconstructed under the aegis of the SVIMEZ initiative for the 150th anniversary of the Unification of Italy. Various time series were reconstructed within the 150-year time range going from 1861 to 2011. In order to assess the potential relevance of these series, we utilize them to (a) develop some considerations on the territorial dualism of the Italian labor market; (b) illustrate the increasing importance - over the last thirty years - of female and tertiary employment. The data reconstruction methods are described in Appendix
A Procedure for Detecting Outliers in Frontier Estimation
Full text linkIt has often been observed in the literature that non-parametric approaches to the estimation of production frontiers are hardly robust in the presence of outliers. This paper proposes a class of robust frontier estimators based upon extreme value theory. The nature of the proposed method is parametric and also allows to ascertain the presence of outliers in the observed production set
Evaluating Business Incentives Through DEA: An Analysis on Capitalia Firm Data
Full text linkWe analyse the impact of business incentives on the technical efficiency of Italian manufacturing firms. Using DEA allows a novel treatment of the omitted-variable and sample-selection bias. Through DEA one carries out direct comparisons between similar observations akin to those carried out in non-parametric matching analysis. The selection bias can be treated by conditioning these comparisons on the variables ruling the distribution of state aid. We separately utilise four Capitalia surveys, in order to test whether policy effectiveness has changed during the 1990s. Moreover we consider separately the effects of the three main kinds of state aid to manufacturing (soft loans, grants, and tax rebates). The results indicate that state aid had a negative impact on technical efficiency. However, this impact mostly relates to soft loans, and looses significance in the late 1990s
A Non-parametric Analysis of the Italian Banking System's Efficiency
Full text linkThis paper analyses through non-parametric methods the technical efficiency of a cross-section of 728 Italian banks belonging to different institutional categories (limited companies, credit societies, rural banks and credit cooperatives). It applies an extension of the Free Disposal Approach, which takes into account the existence of input and output slacks when computing technical efficiency. The main results point to a slack structure heavily weighted toward capital inputs, showing that the proliferation of branches after 1990 has engendered significant over-branching in the Italian banking sector. The evidence is also compatible with a direct relationship between the economic environment in southern Italy and the lower technical efficiency of southern Italian credit cooperatives
The Beveridge Curve In and Out (?) of the Recession. A Look at European Institutions
Full text linkThis paper analyses the Beveridge Curve across twelve European countries from 1985
to 2013. We employ some novel measures of employment protection legislation and
unemployment benefits, and assess the role of globalisation. Structural relationships
seem to be stable throughout the 2008-2013 period, suggesting that the Great Recession
mainly implied moves along the Curve, while stronger globalisation shifts the
Curve outwards. Among institutional variables we find a significant role for the tax
wedge, active labour-market policies, union density and employment protection legislation.
Unemployment benefits also matter. The unemployment-vacancies trade-off
is improved by a higher net retention rate and more strictness in the benefit provision
protocol. Both effects can be rationalised in terms of higher search efficiency
Skills for Competitiveness: Country Report for Italy
No full textTo be successful in today’s knowledge economy, communities need to boost not only the skills of local people but also the utilisation and deployment of these skills by employers. By ensuring that skills are utilised effectively, local economies can become more competitive and host better quality and better paid jobs, while simultaneously improving living standards and stimulating innovation. The OECD LEED Skills for Competitiveness project has reviewed the tools and governance mechanisms which policy makers are putting in place to tackle this policy area in three LEED member countries, Canada, the United Kingdom and Italy, with information on a wider set of policies and measurement tools being collected through an international literature review. This country report for Italy sets out data findings on the supply and demand for skills at sub-regional level (OECD territorial level 3) before exploring policy responses in Campania and Veneto, and local case studies from the Riviera del Brenta industrial district and Treviso in Veneto. The report concludes with potential policy levers for further driving sectoral and local skills development in the future
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