1,721,009 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Outcomes for Pacific Peoples after Injury and the Lived Experiences of Injured Pacific Women in New Zealand
No full textAims
The overall aim of the thesis is to gain an understanding of Pacific peoples’ outcomes and experiences after injury, using data from a Prospective Outcomes of Injury Study (POIS) currently underway in New Zealand. There are two research components; the Quantitative Component aimed at describing and comparing pre-injury, injury related and key outcomes between Pacific and non-Pacific participants 24 months after injury; and the main Qualitative Component which explores the lived experiences of injured Pacific women participating in POIS.
Methods
The Quantitative Component used data collected 3 and 24 months post-injury for 2,256 POIS participants referred to the Accident Compensation Corporation’s (ACC) entitlement claims register. Participants resided in one of five New Zealand regions and aged 18-64 years at the time of injury. Participants identifying with any Pacific ethnicity were included in the analyses. Univariate statistics compared pre-injury, injury related and key outcomes between Pacific and non-Pacific participants; and multivariable analyses were used to generate the relative risks for key outcomes for the Pacific group (with the non-Pacific group as the reference). The Qualitative Component used in-depth face to face interviews informed by the Talanoa Pacific Research Methodology. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data was organised using the Framework matrix with assistance from NVivo. Analysis was informed using the Fonofale Model of Pacific Health.
Results
Quantitative Component: There were 150 participants of Pacific ethnicity. There was a prevalence of poor outcomes such as inadequate household income (57%), pain/discomfort (50%), non-recovery (43%) and disability (15%) 24 months post-injury for Pacific peoples. The adjusted relative risk (aRR) of having no problems with anxiety/depression was less for Pacific participants (aRR 0.88, 95% Confidence Interval 0.79, 0.98); that is, Pacific participants were at increased risk of this adverse outcome. There were no other significant differences in risks for all the other outcomes including return to work status.
Qualitative Component: Seven Pacific women were recruited and interviewed out of 15 who reported non-recovery at 24 months post-injury (and consented be a part of the follow up study undertaken in this thesis). The interviews took place six years post-injury for the seven women. Five out of the seven had not recovered by the time of interview and had on-going pain/discomfort and disability. The women identified barriers in the rehabilitation process: personal barriers associated with remaining strong and independent despite disability; cultural barriers in performing their roles to look after their families; barriers with ACC – late payments, unexplained cease in payments, too much information and too many requirements from ACC, and also a lack of information about their ACC entitlements; ethnicity of home helpers, and barriers with the health services – wrong medical treatment, pressure to return to work and lack of understanding of the health system. Family was the foundation of support for all the women.
Discussion
Both the research components show that anxiety/depression and pain/discomfort are concerns for injured Pacific individuals. It appears that Pacific peoples are returning to work despite being burdened by poor health, disability and socio-economic outcomes. The provision of culturally appropriate care and a greater understanding of both ACC and health services processes, and Government multi-sectoral support can help improve injury outcomes for Pacific peoples
Quality of life after injury: an Individual Patient Data (IPD) meta-analysis
No full textThere is a need for information on the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of injury populations. HRQoL measures, like the EQ-5D, have seen a dramatic increase in use over the last ten years. Despite this, general information on HRQoL pathways to recovery are missing from the literature, as many injury studies focus on specific injury types within exclusive populations. This study: (1) identified studies using the EQ-5D in injury populations, (2) collected individual level patient data, and (3) produced population level predictions of HRQoL, as defined by the EQ-5D, across injury subtypes.
A systematic search of literature concerning injury outcome, published between January 1990 and November 2008 (inclusive), was completed. Studies were excluded if the EQ-5D was not used, a degenerative disease was required for study inclusion or injury was a secondary outcome not required for the study. Researchers were invited to contribute Individual Patient Data (IPD) to the meta-analysis. Injuries collected were grouped into 39 categories based on the Eurocost injury classifications. Multilevel mixed effects models were used to produce predictions across both the dimensions and the Visual Analogue Score (VAS) of the EQ-5D measure.
From a potential pool of 13,785 persons across 39 study datasets, IPD from 10,496 injured persons was sourced from 18 discrete datasets. Predictions were fitted to 25 of the 39 injury categories, covering a wide spectrum of injury types. Point predictions were produced for the dimensions and VAS at 3, 30, 120 and 360 days after injury. Figures were also produced of recovery pathways within the EQ-5D dimensions, where relationships with the facet of the EQ-5D and time were statistically significant.
Across the majority of injuries pain and discomfort (PD) was the most severely impaired dimension at both 30 and 360 days post injury. Recovery for PD was gradual, with fractures of the femur, lower leg and pelvis showing marked improvements in mobility and usual activities at 360 days but not PD. Regardless of anatomical location of injury a similar pattern was seen between fractures, with high initial impairment and rapid recoveries, and strains, where impairment at 30 days was significantly less but recovery was gradual. VAS scores showed a great variation in subjective assessments of general health states after an injury. The dimensions of cognitive function and anxiety and depression showed a limited relationship with most injury categories.
The HRQoL predictions produced here will aid clinical researchers in comparing their populations to norm values, as well as aiding policy makers in obtaining a greater understanding of the burden of injury types. This will aid in both justifying prevention measures, as well as identifying areas for prioritisation of resources
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Quality of life after injury: an Individual Patient Data (IPD) meta-analysis
No full textThere is a need for information on the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) of injury populations. HRQoL measures, like the EQ-5D, have seen a dramatic increase in use over the last ten years. Despite this, general information on HRQoL pathways to recovery are missing from the literature, as many injury studies focus on specific injury types within exclusive populations. This study: (1) identified studies using the EQ-5D in injury populations, (2) collected individual level patient data, and (3) produced population level predictions of HRQoL, as defined by the EQ-5D, across injury subtypes.
A systematic search of literature concerning injury outcome, published between January 1990 and November 2008 (inclusive), was completed. Studies were excluded if the EQ-5D was not used, a degenerative disease was required for study inclusion or injury was a secondary outcome not required for the study. Researchers were invited to contribute Individual Patient Data (IPD) to the meta-analysis. Injuries collected were grouped into 39 categories based on the Eurocost injury classifications. Multilevel mixed effects models were used to produce predictions across both the dimensions and the Visual Analogue Score (VAS) of the EQ-5D measure.
From a potential pool of 13,785 persons across 39 study datasets, IPD from 10,496 injured persons was sourced from 18 discrete datasets. Predictions were fitted to 25 of the 39 injury categories, covering a wide spectrum of injury types. Point predictions were produced for the dimensions and VAS at 3, 30, 120 and 360 days after injury. Figures were also produced of recovery pathways within the EQ-5D dimensions, where relationships with the facet of the EQ-5D and time were statistically significant.
Across the majority of injuries pain and discomfort (PD) was the most severely impaired dimension at both 30 and 360 days post injury. Recovery for PD was gradual, with fractures of the femur, lower leg and pelvis showing marked improvements in mobility and usual activities at 360 days but not PD. Regardless of anatomical location of injury a similar pattern was seen between fractures, with high initial impairment and rapid recoveries, and strains, where impairment at 30 days was significantly less but recovery was gradual. VAS scores showed a great variation in subjective assessments of general health states after an injury. The dimensions of cognitive function and anxiety and depression showed a limited relationship with most injury categories.
The HRQoL predictions produced here will aid clinical researchers in comparing their populations to norm values, as well as aiding policy makers in obtaining a greater understanding of the burden of injury types. This will aid in both justifying prevention measures, as well as identifying areas for prioritisation of resources
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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