1,720,996 research outputs found
Post-Planting Maintenance of Early-Stage Reconstructed Prairies within Urban Parks of Illinois
No full textTallgrass prairies are diverse ecosystems spread across the Midwest. Due to human activities such as farming and urban development, these prairies are now rare in their authentic form. The focus of this study is on the tallgrass prairies of Southwest Illinois. Prairie conservation efforts have engaged in various reconstruction projects, aiming to encourage and reestablish lost tallgrass prairie ecosystems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of post-planting maintenance methods on coverage and biodiversity of native and invasive species within early-stage reconstructed tallgrass prairies in urban parks of southern Illinois. Evaluated variables included: total and individual species cover, plant type category, plant classification, species diversity, and community evenness in relation to management methods of annual mowing, manual weeding, and biannual prescribed burning. Results show total percent cover by management method is nonsignificant, but cover by plant type category revealed forb and grass cover to be significant for manually weeded beds in comparison to biannually burned and annually mowed beds. Similarly, manually weeded beds promoted the highest cover by planted native species whereas cover by invasive species was highest within annually mowed treatment beds. In conclusion, results suggest future promotion of grass species across all observed prairie systems due to their lack of presence in relation to native forbs. Manual weeding was most influential on native species flourishment, and in combating invasive species in relation to other treatments. Although, manual weeding is not always efficient and successful alone as a maintenance practice, therefore the use of long-term adaptive techniques is recommended.MAL
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Height control of Eschscholtzia californica using ancymidol, cycocel, and limited inductive photoperiod
No full textLimited inductive photoperiod (LIP) significantly reduced stem length but had no effect on the peduncle length, leaf number, plant diameter, days from seed to first flower or days from start of long days (LD) to first flower in Eschscholtzia californica. However with fewer LD cycles, negative effects associated with LIP included an increasing number of bud abortions and plants remaining vegetative, while the number of axillary buds decreased. Ancymidol [alpha-cyclopropyl-alpha-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5- pyrimidinemethanol] at 35, 45 and 50 ppm reduced stem length, but had no effect on peduncle length. Although plant diameter was significantly reduced, ancymidol had no effect on number of leaves or days to flower. There were no bud abortions, all plants flowered successfully, and there was no negative effect on axillary bud number with the use of ancymidol. Cycocel [(2-chloroethyl) trimethylammonium chloride] had no effect on stem length or the overall plant height in the Eschscholtzia californica. In addition, cycocel proved to be ineffective on associated vegetative growth and reproductive development.Master of Scienc
The use of legume cover crops in no-tillage broccoli and cabbage production
No full textField experiments were conducted in 1983 and 1984 to compare conventional tillage (CT) versus no-tillage (NT) production of broccoli and cabbage. The tillage treatments were applied in combination with four rates of applied nitrogen fertilizer and three cover crops: hairy vetch (Vigia villosa Roth), Austrian winter pea (Fisum arvenu L.), and cereal rye (Secale cereale L.). Transplants of 'Premium Crop' broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica Plenck) and 'Market Prize' cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) were set with a locally adapted NT vegetable planter. None of the variables studied affected the final plant stand. Yield and head size with NT were equal to or greater than CT. Soil moisture was higher under NT plots throughout the growing season. Yield and head size with the two legume covers were equal to or greater than those with the rye cover. Yield and head size tended to increase as applied N was increased, although differences were not always significant. The data, although not conclusive, indicate that the legume cover crops provided additional nitrogen for the cole crops.Master of Scienc
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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