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I Thought of the Money that We Could Use: Iowa Women and Industrial Wage Work, 1950-1970
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The Rural Midwest since World War II
Full text linkReview of: The Rural Midwest since World War II, by edited by J. L. Anderson
Earning her daily bread: Women in industrial manufacturing in the rural Midwest, 1950–1980
No full textAfter 1945, the state of Iowa experienced significant industrial growth, as new manufacturing plants transferred to the state and innovative technology sprung from Iowa\u27s entrepreneurs. Industrial development opened more opportunities for men and women to earn a living through factory work and women in Iowa took advantage of them and worked outside the home in greater numbers than ever before. Women brought with them their gendered notions of work and womanhood which stemmed from their rural Midwestern heritage. These gender and rural identities congealed in the creation of a class consciousness in the workplace and created a distinctive working class identity. The combination of gender, class, and regional identity framed women\u27s understanding of themselves as workers, wives, and mothers. It also gave them a way to connect with other women in the workplace. This identity provided a niche for women to serve in the labor movement, and unions such as the United Auto Workers and the United Packinghouse Workers of America provided organizational spaces for their new female members. Women served on women\u27s committees and in auxiliaries fulfilling domestic duties such as planning activities, helping the poor and needy, and hosting dinners or functions. Over time women grew restless with their limited roles and sought additional leadership opportunities within unions. As they struggled to overcome sexism in the union and the workplace, some women embraced the ideas of working class feminism to pursue their particular goals as working class women. Other women remained content with their limited roles. By the 1970s, division between women who pursued working class feminism and those who remained loyal to traditional roles caused a generational split among female factory workers. As long as working class women remained split over proper roles for women, gender discrimination remained a formidable barrier in the workplace. Relying on oral histories and union records, the dissertation provides a different story of unionism and class formation from those told from an urban perspective. It also argues that not all working class women embraced working class feminism, and shows how most of these working class women\u27s gender identities were rooted in fulfilling traditional roles stemming from their rural heritage
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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