1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Quantitative Electroencephalogram Neuroimaging in Obesity
No full textEfforts to understand and treat obesity come from a wide range of disciplines. Neuroimaging in obesity is typically performed with fMRI and PET, which are indirect measures of neural activity. EEG is a direct measure of neuronal activity that can contribute valuable information to obesity research. There are few prior EEG studies in obesity and these have used various protocols including resting state and food response measurements.
AIM The purpose of the current study was to compare fasting and postprandial brain activity between matched obese and lean women. The effect of acute weight loss on brain activity in obese women and differences between obese women after weight loss and lean women was also to be determined. A secondary aim was to compare brain activity in obese women with high and low Yale Food Addiction Scale scores, indicating addictive tendencies, and those with and without the Taq1A allele, which is related to dopaminergic signalling.
METHODS Thirty-five otherwise healthy obese (BMI≥30) women were recruited as part of a larger weight loss study and 35 age-matched lean (BMI<25) women were recruited from the general public. Participants completed a meal response protocol involving the recording of resting state EEG and measurement of appetite-related variables. The obese subjects then underwent a 4 week very low-calorie diet resulting in ≥5% weight loss and the meal protocol repeated. Quantitative EEG was used to compare whole brain and region of interest activity as well as network connectivity. The regions analysed had been previously identified as related to obesity and are associated with processing of internal signals, behavioural control and reward.
RESULTS Quantitative EEG analysis revealed an overall reduction of alpha and beta signalling in obesity-related regions of the brain in obese compared to lean individuals. This was found at both fasting and peak satiety (45 min after the meal). This data was adjusted for insulin resistance as it was inversely correlated with brain activity. Following this adjustment, differences in alpha and beta current density between obese and lean women were no longer significant. During the meal there was also a significant 3.7-fold larger increase in alpha 1 signalling in the right temporo-parietal junction in the obese compared to lean women. In the presence of the Taq1A allele, obese women had significantly lower alpha 1 and alpha 2 signalling compared with lean women. Yale Food Addiction Scale score did not appear to differentiate brain activity in the obese women. Loss of an average of 7.3kg body weight in the obese women was accompanied by small significant changes in several bands across all regions of interest. The pattern of significantly lower alpha and beta signalling compared to lean women remained.
CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the obese women are processing interoceptive and reward information related to food consumption differently to lean women. This may impede predictive processing regarding the adequate amount of food intake required to maintain body weight, resulting in overeating to ensure enough calories are consumed. Insulin resistance and Taq1A-related dopaminergic signalling may play a role in this
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Quantitative Electroencephalogram Neuroimaging in Obesity
No full textEfforts to understand and treat obesity come from a wide range of disciplines. Neuroimaging in obesity is typically performed with fMRI and PET, which are indirect measures of neural activity. EEG is a direct measure of neuronal activity that can contribute valuable information to obesity research. There are few prior EEG studies in obesity and these have used various protocols including resting state and food response measurements.
AIM The purpose of the current study was to compare fasting and postprandial brain activity between matched obese and lean women. The effect of acute weight loss on brain activity in obese women and differences between obese women after weight loss and lean women was also to be determined. A secondary aim was to compare brain activity in obese women with high and low Yale Food Addiction Scale scores, indicating addictive tendencies, and those with and without the Taq1A allele, which is related to dopaminergic signalling.
METHODS Thirty-five otherwise healthy obese (BMI≥30) women were recruited as part of a larger weight loss study and 35 age-matched lean (BMI<25) women were recruited from the general public. Participants completed a meal response protocol involving the recording of resting state EEG and measurement of appetite-related variables. The obese subjects then underwent a 4 week very low-calorie diet resulting in ≥5% weight loss and the meal protocol repeated. Quantitative EEG was used to compare whole brain and region of interest activity as well as network connectivity. The regions analysed had been previously identified as related to obesity and are associated with processing of internal signals, behavioural control and reward.
RESULTS Quantitative EEG analysis revealed an overall reduction of alpha and beta signalling in obesity-related regions of the brain in obese compared to lean individuals. This was found at both fasting and peak satiety (45 min after the meal). This data was adjusted for insulin resistance as it was inversely correlated with brain activity. Following this adjustment, differences in alpha and beta current density between obese and lean women were no longer significant. During the meal there was also a significant 3.7-fold larger increase in alpha 1 signalling in the right temporo-parietal junction in the obese compared to lean women. In the presence of the Taq1A allele, obese women had significantly lower alpha 1 and alpha 2 signalling compared with lean women. Yale Food Addiction Scale score did not appear to differentiate brain activity in the obese women. Loss of an average of 7.3kg body weight in the obese women was accompanied by small significant changes in several bands across all regions of interest. The pattern of significantly lower alpha and beta signalling compared to lean women remained.
CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that the obese women are processing interoceptive and reward information related to food consumption differently to lean women. This may impede predictive processing regarding the adequate amount of food intake required to maintain body weight, resulting in overeating to ensure enough calories are consumed. Insulin resistance and Taq1A-related dopaminergic signalling may play a role in this
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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