1,720,985 research outputs found
Tax planning and directors' remuneration
No full textCompanies involve in tax planning due to its primary benefit of increase aftertax return. However, this activity has been an ongoing discussion as it impairs provision of public goods which indirectly causes social issues. Companies, in conducting tax planning, make use of several techniques to effectively minimise the tax burden, for example, profit sharing, income shifting and change of characteristics of income. Directors’ remuneration is also identified as a tax-reduction strategy. While increasing the wealth of the directors, higher directors’ remuneration expense reduces company taxable income and in turn raises company tax savings. This provides indications about missing link between directors’ performance and pay. In fact, in Malaysia, this issue has been long debated by public including academics. Despite this highlight, little attention has been given on the relationship between tax planning and directors’ remuneration. Therefore, this paper reports the results of this study’s focus of attention on whether tax planning activity is significantly related to directors’ remuneration expenses of non-financial Malaysian publiclisted companies. The sample period of the study is from 2007 to 2009. The panel dataset is drawn from Datastream and hand-collected tax data from company annual reports. The results derive from multivariate analyses highlight the extent of the relationship between tax planning and directors’ remuneration and thus enlighten the knowledge on the utilisation of directors’ remuneration as a strategy in tax planning. The results also highlight the policy and reporting implications to the authorit
The corporate effective tax rates, industrial policy hypothesis and earnings management : evidence from Malaysia
No full textEThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo
Effective tax rates and the “industrial policy” hypothesis: Evidence from Malaysia
Full text linkStudies on effective tax rates (ETR) and firm size in the non-U.S. context are next to non-existent, with the Kim and Limpaphayom study (1998) being the sole exception. Moreover, no detailed analysis has been performed to study the link between industrial sectors and ETR.Based on a hand-gathered sample of Malaysian firms trading in the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange in 1990–1999, this paper examines the association between ETR and a set of possible factors using a regression analysis.There is evidence to suggest that manufacturing firms and hotels pay significant lower effective tax in Malaysia between 1990–1999. In addition, it appears that large Malaysian firms do not suffer a “political cost” as indicated by a negative and significant relation between firm size and ETR.Finally, more efficient Malaysian firms pay lower effective tax. The results are consistent with the “industrial policy” hypothesis developed in this paper based on an examination of the Malaysian context.These results from a large developing country (e.g., Malaysia) can be used to compare with existing results from a large developed country (e.g., U.S.)
The pricing of audit services: evidence from the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange (KLSE) listed companies
Full text linkIn practice, audit fees are determined based on agreement, negotiation and consensus between auditee and auditor. With the exception of the Malaysian Institute of Accountants' schedule for determining minimum audit fees, no specific
guideline has been issued either by the Malaysian government or other accounting bodies. This study examined the explanatory power of previously identified factors
that could influence the pricing of audit services in the Malaysian setting. The factors examined included the size of company (measured either by total assets or turnover), complexity of company (measured by the number of the companies in the same group, i.e., holding, as well as subsidiaries), profitability, liquidity and leverage of auditees, audit opinion, size and location of the auditors, audit season, audit delay, and classification of the industries in which the auditees operate. Consistent with previous studies, the size and complexity of the audited companies were found to be the major determinants of audit fees
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Public policy, political connections, and effective tax rates: Longitudinal evidence from Malaysia
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Public policy, political connections, and effective tax rates: Longitudinal evidence from Malaysia
Full text linkThis study examines the link between effective tax rates (ETR) and political connections in developing economies. The political connections explanation is informed by the observation that developing economies tend to be “relationship-based” rather than “market-based” capitalisms. Two proxies of political patronage are developed and applied to a group of Malaysian firms over a 10-year period. We find firms with political connections pay tax at significantly lower effective rates than other firms. Our results suggest that political connections are an important determinant of ETR in relationship-based economies
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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