1,721,024 research outputs found
L'identité interculturelle
No full textDenoux Patrick. L'identité interculturelle. In: Bulletin de psychologie, tome 48 n°419, 1995. Contacts de cultures. pp. 264-270
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Interculturation, development and cognition : the intercultural autobiographical memory
No full textNos travaux de recherche se situent dans la perspective de la psychologie interculturelle et abordent la question du souvenir que laisse une situation interculturelle chez le sujet qui en fait l’expérience au cours de son existence. Nous proposons une hypothèse générale qui vient postuler un lien significatif entre uneexpérience de contact de cultures et des processus cognitifs intervenant dans la construction mémorielle. Plus précisément, c’est au travers de la mémoire autobiographique que notre recherche analyse l’articulation de la construction identitaire et mémorielle en relation avec une expérience de vie en situation interculturelle, qu’elle soit dans un environnement multiculturel, une migrationvers un nouvel environnement culturel, une pluralité d’appartenances culturelles ou tant d’autres configurations que le monde actuel présente et pour lesquelles le contact de cultures est mis au premier plan.D’un point de vue pratique, notre recherche a été envisagée sur deux terrains présentant des caractéristiques différentes en termes de contact de cultures : en France et à Singapour. Notre recherche se base sur une méthodologie mixte, l’entretien et le récit de vie sont tout d’abord utilisés dans une phase d’analyse qualitative. Nous proposons ensuite la mise en place d’un questionnaire en ligne abordant le souvenir et le contact de cultures que nous avons proposé sur nos deux terrains. Notre échantillon se compose de 246 participants (144 en France et 102 à Singapour) et nous procédons à une analyse quantitative des données recueillies.Notre recherche nous permet d’identifier une distinction dans la construction et la restitution de souvenirs autobiographiques entre des sujets ayant vécu une expérience interculturelle avant l’âge de 12 ans (interculturation précoce) et ceux qui en auront fait l’expérience après (interculturation tardive). Par ailleurs, notre recherche permet de caractériser le rôle significatif du processus identitaire d’exploration ruminative dans la mise en oeuvre par le sujet de métabolisations identitaires dans le contact de cultures.Our research is in the field of intercultural psychology and investigates the relation between an intercultural life experience and individuals’ autobiographical memories. We propose a general hypothesis that considers a significant link between a cultural contact experience and cognitive processes involved in the memory’s development. More precisely, it is through the autobiographical memory that our research analyzes the articulation of identity and memory processes in relation to a life experience in an intercultural situation, whether it is in a multicultural environment, a migration towards a new cultural environment, a plurality of cultural affiliations or many other configurations that the present world is filled with and for which the cultural contact is put in the foreground.On a practical level, our research considered two fields with different characteristics in terms of cultural contact: in France and in Singapore. Our research is based on a mixed methodology, the interview and the life story narrative are first used in a qualitative analysis. We then designed an online questionnaire addressing memories and cultural contact experiences. This questionnaire was proposed on the two fields of our research. Our sample consists of 246 participants (144 in France and 102 in Singapore) and we carried out a quantitative analysis of the collected data.Our research enables us to identify a distinction in the development and recalling of autobiographical memories between individuals who had an intercultural experience before the age of 12 (Early interculturation) and those who would have experienced it after (Late interculturation). Moreover, our research highlights the significant role of the ruminative exploration identity process in the implementation by individuals of identity metabolisations in the cultural contact
Nature is culture : when ecological consciousness is the fruit of the interculturation
No full textL’auteure s’interroge sur le rapport que les Français entretiennent avec leur environnement proche, dans un contexte mêlant à la fois un accroissement de la valeur symbolique de la nature et une poursuite effrénée de sa destruction. Ce questionnement place l’attitude au cœur de cette recherche et avance hypothétiquement que les valeurs, les images, les émotions ainsi que le contexte dans lequel se développe l’individu sont autant de facteurs qui la détermine.La démarche initiée considère par ailleurs la dynamique interculturelle et ses effets intrapsychique. La personnalité interculturelle contrainte à la polyréférenciation étant dorénavant comprise comme banale (Teyssier, 2010), l’auteure émet en seconde hypothèse que la structuration de l’attitude à l’égard de la nature peut apparaître simple ou complexe, à l’image de la structuration des déterminants supposés.La teneur de ces postulats implique que l’étude porte sur l’ensemble de la France et appréhende la complexité de cette problématique. Aussi, un questionnaire multidimensionnel appliqué à un échantillon (N=304) permet de tester les deux hypothèses présentées.L’analyse des résultats démontre que les valeurs et les images influencent l’attitude exprimée à l’égard de la nature. D’autre part, l’existence d’une structuration de type simple et complexe pour chacune des variables de l’étude est dégagée. Néanmoins, le type de structuration des déterminants ne conditionne pas le type de structuration de l’attitude. L’auteure relève toutefois que la diversité des sources culturelles disponibles et le fruit des interculturations actuelles associés à une prise de conscience écologique incarnée, ouvre à une opérationnalisation nouvelle du rapport Homme-Nature jamais éprouvée par ailleurs. Ce nouveau rapport à la nature, fruit de l’interculturation, est nommée « attitude Isomère ».The author examines the relationship that the French have with their immediate environment, in a context that combines an increase in the symbolic value of nature and the unbridled pursuit of its destruction. This questioning place the attitude at the heart of this research and suggests that values, images, emotions and the context in which the individual develops are all factors that determine it.The approach initiated also considers the intercultural dynamic and its intrapsychic effects. Since the intercultural personality forced to poly-referentiate is now understood as commonplace (Teyssier, 2010), the author's second hypothesis is that the structuring of the attitude towards nature can appear simple or complex, just like the structuring of the supposed determinants.The content of these assumptions implies that the study covers the whole of France and grasps the complexity of this issue. Therefore, a multidimensional questionnaire applied to a sample (N=304) makes it possible to test the two hypotheses presented.The analysis of the results shows that values and images influence the attitude towards nature. On the other hand, the existence of simple and complex structuring for each of the variables in the study is revealed. Nevertheless, the type of structuring of the determinants does not condition the type of structuring of the attitude. The author notes, however, that the diversity of available cultural sources and the fruit of current interculturations associated with an embodied ecological awareness, opens up a new operationalization of the Man-Nature relationship never experienced elsewhere. This new relationship with nature, the result of interculturation, is called the "Isomer attitude"
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Impact of the french-african mixed couple identity strategies on the feeling of normality and on the link between the foreign spouses and the host society
No full textLes mouvements migratoires, et le regroupement des populations de différentes origines sur un même territoire, entraînent des rencontres interculturelles et parfois l'émergence de couples mixtes. Le mode d'adaptation d'un individu se déplaçant de son pays d'origine vers un pays d'accueil n'est pas sans conséquence sur sa vie. Pour se ressaisir chaque individu développe des stratégies identitaires, bien précises. Se mettre en couple peut amener le sujet étranger à mieux s'affirmer dans le pays d'accueil. D'où l'hypothèse selon laquelle, la différence entre les stratégies identitaires des membres de couples mixtes déterminent le sentiment de normalité et le lien qu'entretient le conjoint étranger avec la société d'accueil. Notre méthodologie est à la fois quantitative et qualitative c'est-à-dire que nous avons opté dans un premier temps pour un recueil de données par questionnaire puis effectué des entretiens semi-directifs. Nous avons réalisé notre étude en France auprès de 70 couples franco-africains. Des résultats inattendus ont été relevés montrant l'impact de l'interculturation, à travers la durée de l'expérience interculturelle, sur le sentiment de normalité du conjoint étrangerThe migration flows and the merging of populations from various origins within a given territory, pull intercultural encounters and sometimes the emergence of mixed couples. The adaptation pattern of an individual moving from his home country to a host country is not without consequences on his life. To regain self-control every individual develops a process of interculturation translated into very precise identity strategies. To enter an union can bring the foreign one to a better self assertion in the host country. From where the hypothesis according to which, the difference between the identity strategies of the members of mixed couples determines the foreign partner feeling of normality and the link he maintains with the host society. Our methodology is both quantitative and qualitative that we opted at first for a data collection by questionnaire then by semi-directive interviews. We realized our study in France with 70 French-African couples. Unexpected results were found concerning the impact of interculturation, trough the intercultural experience duration, on the foreign partner feeling of normality
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