1,720,979 research outputs found
Elderly ICU outcomes
No full textLong-term outcomes of elderly patients admitted to ICU as an emergenc
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Long term outcomes following percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy in the critically ill
No full textBackground:
Percutaneous procedures are now the predominant tracheostomy technique within the critical care setting. Complication rates for various techniques appear to be equivalent to those achieved with surgical tracheostomy. There is a paucity of data when comparing percutaneous procedures, particularly when considering late complications (tracheo-innominate artery fistulae (TIF), tracheooesophageal fistulae (TOF) and tracheal stenosis (TS). Given the severity of illness and associated mortality in many of these patients the incidence of these
complications remains difficult to define. Confounding factors present in survivors of critical illness may present difficulties in diagnosis such that underlying tracheal
pathology may go undiagnosed.
Aims:
To determine:
The incidence of common early and late complications of percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) in relation to surgical tracheostomy (ST).
The role of peri-operative events that may contribute to the aetiology of late complications of TS, TIF and TOF.
The incidence of early and late complications in relation to percutaneous tracheostomy to define the safest percutaneous technique.
The utility of adjunctive techniques (bronchoscopy & ultrasound scanning) in reducing complications of PDT.
The prevalence of sub-clinical TS following PDT using the single tapered dilator technique (STD).
Aetiological factors for sub-clinical TS.
Whether sub-clinical TS may present atypically in critical illness survivors.
Methods:
We have conducted a systematic review of all prospective studies reporting late complications after tracheostomy performed in the critically ill. We have also extracted data to assess the role of peri-operative events and monitoring in causing or preventing late complications. We have undertaken an eleven-year review of all PDTs performed within our unit to define the incidence of complications arising within our own population. Finally, a prospective study to identify the prevalence of sub-clinical TS and identify atypical presenting features in survivors of critical illness has been performed.
Results:
All surgical and percutaneous techniques are broadly similar in terms of early and late complications. There is a higher incidence of wound infection when comparing ST to the multiple dilator PDT. There are few studies assessing late complications between percutaneous techniques. The TS rate varies from 2.8 to 0.6% for ST and the STD technique respectively. Due to limited data we were unable to identify peri-operative events that may lead to late complications. There is a very low rate of complications attributed to the STD technique with only 9 significant late
adverse events. The rate of sub-clinical TS is low with doubtful clinical significance.
Conclusions:
We have not found a significant difference in the incidence of TS between PDT and ST. Our pooled proportions meta-analysis may indicate a tendency toward a higher rate of stenosis for ST. The reported complication rates presented
within our cohort study may indicate that the STD PDT is one of the safer techniques available. The rate of sub-clinical stenoses following STD PDT is low and of doubtful
clinical significance. Further work is required to define the role for percutaneous tracheostomy outside the critical care setting and to gather qualitative data to assess the patient’s perception of tracheostomy in the critical care setting
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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