3,443 research outputs found
Sixty Years of Community: St. Olaf Catholic Parish in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, 1952-2012
No full textThis paper will explore how the parish community of St. Olaf in Eau Claire, Wisconsin, established in 1952, reflects the Roman Catholic Church, specifically at the local, state, and national levels in the United States. It will also discuss the various changes that have occurred in the past 60 years of its history in terms of the various locations of worship for the members, the growth of the community outreach programs, and the effects of the Second Vatican Council. This ecumenical council was a meeting of Catholic bishops from around the whole that brought reform to the Catholic Church and affected the relationship of the Catholic Church to the world. The parish at St. Olaf has grown from having only 125 families in 1952 to over 1,000 families in 2012
From Mansions to Towers: A History of Residence Halls at the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire
No full textThe construction of the University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire's residence halls has generally followed that of the national trend. The school struggled to find enough funds to build residence halls in the early years. Eventually, student housing was in needed so badly that the school had no choice but to provide housing for the students. In 1947, the Dulany mansion was purchased and remodeled by the school. This building served as the University's first resident hall. Since then, eleven resident halls have been built on campus with one more being planned. Life in these residence halls have changed dramatically over time. In the 1960's, the students protested and eventually the strict rules of in loco parentis faded away. After this, students enjoyed the freedoms of new technologies, relaxed rules, and more professional housing leaders. Today, UW-Eau Claire is a thriving university. UW-Eau Claire has been recognized by many as a top school in the Midwest. Much of the success can be attributed to the residence halls and the happiness of the students. My paper will provide UW-Eau Claire and its students with a cohesive history of the residence halls on campus and will also show how student life has evolved since the University was first established
Captain Thomas Paine House: Correspondence with Claire Dempsey, April 30, 2003
No full textCorrespondence between Anne Baker and Claire Dempsey dated April 30, 2003 concerning the configuration of the Paine House as it was in 1717, whether or not it was a true stone-ender, an the restorations made to the house throughout the years
Captain Thomas Paine House: Correspondence with Claire Dempsey, April 30, 2003
No full textCorrespondence between Anne Baker and Claire Dempsey dated April 30, 2003 concerning the configuration of the Paine House as it was in 1717, whether or not it was a true stone-ender, an the restorations made to the house throughout the years
Claire Tham (1967-)
No full textAs an author, Claire Tham has this far been less concerned to observe the canons of English literature and more concerned to explore its creative possibilities and its adaptability. She also articulates a significant viewpoint about national and personal identity, about cultural tensions in a dynamic urban centre in transition, and about the.flip-side of Singapore’s prodigious prosperity
Claire Wheeler: Fearless Psychologist
No full textFearless physician/psychologist Claire is a clinical psychologist and former emergency room doctor. As a full-time instructor at PSU’s School of Community Health she teaches classes in disease physiology, mind-body medicine, nutrition and health psychology. She is the author of 10 Simple Solutions to Stress, published in 2007. She’ll reveal some of the mysteries of how negative thoughts can affect your health, and teach techniques to avoid them. Think “cognitive reframing.”https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/pdxtalks/1020/thumbnail.jp
Jurisprudence - the bystander to crime
No full textThe author raises questions about the predicament of a bystander to a serious crime who does not intervene to oppose it. Article by Claire Valier (Lecturer in Law, University of London) published in Amicus Curiae - Journal of the Society for Advanced Legal Studies. The Journal is produced by the Society for Advanced Legal Studies at the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies, University of London
Negative thermal expansion and phase transitions in the Niobium Oxyfluoride solid solution: NbO₂₋ₓF₁₊ₓ
No full textThe thermal expansion of functional materials is a significant property in any
applications involving significant temperature changes. Engineering and tuning
low thermal expansion is important for devices ranging from solid oxide fuel cells
to optical components in telescopes, where maintaining shape and stability are
vital. Whilst most materials expand rapidly on heating, a small minority exhibit
very low or negative thermal expansion (NTE). Expanding the range of these NTE
materials and fully understanding their thermal expansion origins is vital for the
design of multi-functional, low thermal expansion materials.
The cubic, ReO₃-type, structure is associated with NTE through flexibility of
octahedral tilt vibrations which lead to contraction on heating. The niobium
oxyfluoride solid solution, NbO₂₋ₓF₁₊ₓ, maintains a cubic ReO₃-type structure with
flexible oxygen:fluorine composition, thus providing an ideal system for
exploration of anion driven effects. This system is utilised in this thesis to explore
the impact of oxygen:fluorine composition on thermal expansion and phase
transitions as well as the fundamental chemistry and physics underpinning this.
A novel mechanism for the tuning of NTE through anion doping is uncovered in
this thesis as well as the first example of NTE in a mixed anion material.
Chapter One provides an overview of the importance of thermal expansion, a
review of the origins of NTE and current NTE materials. The ReO₃-type structure,
the origins of NTE and cubic to rhombohedral phase transitions are reviewed.
Chapter Two follows on from this with a review of the underlying physics of
thermal and pressure behaviour from the perspective of phonons, equations of
state and Landau theory. The experimental and computational methodology
(powder diffraction, pair distribution function analysis and density functional
theory) used through the project are introduced.
Chapter Three will outline the synthesis and characterisation of the NbO₂₋ₓF₁₊ₓ
solid solution from x = 0 to x = 0.6. The composition is confirmed through
magnetic susceptibility and lattice parameter trends. The thermal decomposition
properties are also explored through thermogravimetric analysis to confirm the
presence of fluorine doping. Variable temperature powder X-ray diffraction is
used to characterise the thermal expansion behaviour. This is found to vary from
positive thermal expansion (NbO2F) to zero and then negative thermal expansion
(NbO1.4F1.6). The latter of which has a mean volumetric coefficient of thermal
expansion of −5 ppm K⁻¹. This novel NTE can be related to a thermal dependence
of the anion displacement parameters, confirming transverse anion motion to
drive the shift in thermal expansion. Unusual high temperature hysteresis in the
thermal expansion is also identified.
Chapter Four uses both neutron and X-ray powder diffraction at variable
temperature and pressure to explore the cubic to rhombohedral phase
transitions of NbO₂₋ₓF₁₊ₓ. A low temperature phase transition in NbO₂F is
confirmed whilst the fluorine doped samples remain cubic at all temperatures.
The high-pressure, rhombohedral, phase transition is also found to be inhibited
by fluorine doping with the transition pressure shifting from 0.3 GPa in NbO₂F to
1.3 GPa in NbO₁.₇F₁.₃. This confirms predictions from existing density functional
theory (DFT) modelling indicating the cubic ReO₃-type structure is stabilised by
fluorine doping.
In Chapter Five, the origins of the thermal expansion and phase transitions in
NbO₂₋ₓF₁₊ₓ are explored through DFT phonon calculations and X-ray Pair
Distribution Function (PDF) analysis. High symmetry models of NbO₂F and
NbOF₂ are constructed and the phonon dispersions and Grüneisen parameters
are calculated. Soft modes with negative Grüneisen parameter have a negative
contribution to thermal expansion. These are identified at the Brillouin zone
boundary corresponding to octahedral tilting modes, confirming these modes as
key to thermal expansion. A mode with much more negative Grüneisen
parameter is identified in NbO₂F, consistent with a more favourable phase
transition under pressure in this composition. This instability to octahedral
tilting is attributed to a second order Jahn-Teller effect which is inhibited in
fluorine doped phases. X-ray PDF analysis at low temperature is consistent with
a 1D ordering of oxygen and fluorine in all compositions. Significant local static
distortion of both the Nb and anions is identified in all phases but found to be
smaller in the fluorine doped phases. A reduction in local distortion is able to
favour structural NTE which therefore accounts for the observed thermal
expansion behaviour. NTE in the oxyfluorides can therefore be understood in
terms of static vs dynamic anion displacements.
Chapter Six summarises the key conclusions of this thesis and outlines potential
future work on the NbO₂₋ₓF₁₊ₓ system. A review of existing materials and
conclusions of this thesis are used to construct design rules for the discovery of
novel mixed anion NTE materials. Some candidates are proposed from existing
ReO3-type oxyfluorides which may exhibit NTE
La Fabrique des classiques africains: écrivains d’Afrique subsaharienne francophone . Par Ducournau Claire
No full textThis is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in French Studies following peer review. The version of record Claire H Griffiths (2018) La Fabrique des classiques africains : ecrivains d'Afrique subsaharienne francophone par Claire Ducournau, French Studies, Volume 72, Issue 2, 1 April 2018, Pages 318–319 is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/fs/kny023The review article evaluates major new scholarship on the development of the French literary system in colonial and postcolonial Africa and its impact on Francophone writing
Why hedge? Extent, nature, and determinants of derivative usage in U.S. municipalities
No full textUsing a hand-collected dataset of over 300 observations of large U.S. cities and counties, this paper investigates the extent, nature and determinants of derivatives usage in the municipal sector.Over half of our sample entities engage in derivative transactions and a vast majority of these transactions are intended to manage interest rate risk. Swaps, by far, are the most popular derivative instrument. In terms of the determinants of derivative usage,we find that the propensity to use derivatives as well as the extent of derivative usage is higher for municipalities that are larger and more financially constrained. We do not find growth to be related to municipal derivative usage. Contrary to suggestions made in the popular press, we fail to find managerial opportunism to be a significant factor in municipal derivative usage. We also find that more sophisticated managers of large municipalities and less sophisticated managers of small municipalities are more likely to engage in derivative transactions.Peer reviewe
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