1,720,976 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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Developing Nanomaterial Platforms for Gene Delivery and Transgene-Free Plant Genetic Engineering
Get PDFPlant biotechnology is an essential component of agricultural engineering, small molecule synthesis, and bioenergy efforts. Maximizing the throughput of producing and testing genetically engineered plants is important for both academic research and the agro-industry, and requires a toolset that is (i) plant species-independent, and (ii) capable of high performance despite the physical barriers presented in intact plant tissues, such as the plant cell wall. Currently used plant biotic delivery tools limit the range of plant species that can be transformed, and in the case of biolistic delivery, exhibit low transformation efficiencies and tissue damage due to the use of high force. Furthermore, both methods yield uncontrolled and random transgene integration into the plant nuclear genome, which then elicits strict genetically modified organism (GMO) regulatory purview and public concern for consumption. To-date, there has yet to be a plant transformation method that enables high-efficiency gene delivery, without transgene integration, in a plant species-independent manner.I have recently shown it is possible to introduce DNA and RNA into intact plant cells without external force with engineered nanomaterials that are below the plant cell wall size-exclusion limit of ~20 nm. Among these nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess several optimal criteria for gene delivery into intact plants: high aspect ratio, exceptional tensile strength, biocompatibility, and biomolecular cargo protection from cellular degradation. In this dissertation, I describe a CNT-based gene delivery platform which can efficiently deliver plasmid or linear DNA into both model and agriculturally-relevant crop plants, without mechanical aid, in a non-toxic and non-integrating manner. Notably, this combination of features is not attainable with existing plant transformation approaches. CNT gene delivery enables strong transient expression of reporter and functional proteins without DNA integration in dicot species Nicotiana benthamiana (model), Eruca sativa (arugula, non-model), Gossypium hirsutum (cotton, non-model, hard to transform), and in monocot species Triticum aestivum (wheat, non-model). This technology can be used to deliver CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing plasmids as a method to achieve stable genome editing in plants while circumventing GMO labeling, through the transient expression of a nuclease protein and guide RNA in model and crop plants.Moreover, CNTs with different surface chemistries are developed and used to deliver other important biomolecules, such as small interfering RNAs, for efficient DNA-free gene knock-down applications in intact plants. In a separate study, I systematically investigated the effect of certain nanomaterial parameters (shape, size, aspect ratio, stiffness, and cargo attachment loci) on plant cell internalization, and gene silencing pathways and efficiencies using easily programmable DNA nanostructures as nanomaterial scaffolds. Additionally, in this dissertation, I demonstrate how these nanomaterials not only facilitate biomolecule transport into plant cells but also protect polynucleotides from nuclease degradation inside the cells, which increase their efficiencies and permit the usage of a lower cargo dose. CNT-based plant transformation is a breakthrough for biotechnology applications where transient protein expression without gene integration is desired, such as the delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 cargoes to achieve permanent genome editing. Furthermore, CNT-based gene delivery is rapid, cost-effective, amenable to multiplexing and can aid high-throughput screening in mature plants. This enables (i) rapid identification of genotypes that result in desired phenotypes, (ii) mapping and optimization of plant biosynthetic pathways, and (iii) maximization of plant-mediated therapeutics synthesis. Therefore, nanomaterials promise to overcome the long-standing plant genome engineering limitations in a species-independent and non-integrating manner and can newly enable variety of different life sciences applications
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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