1,720,969 research outputs found
Semiología del lóbulo frontal: consideraciones anátomo-funcionales y clínicas
Get PDFResumen no disponibleFil: Demey, Ignacio. Fleni. Departamento de Neurología. Servicio de Neurología Cognitiva, Neuropsicología y Neuropsiquiatría; Argentina
Cognitive rehabilitation therapy after acquired brain injury in Argentina: Psychosocial outcomes in connection with the time elapsed before treatment initiation
Get PDFPrimary objective: To examine the effect of cognitive rehabilitation therapy (CRT) on psychosocial outcomes in Argentinean patients with acquired brain injury (ABI), in connection with the time elapsed between injury and treatment initiation.Fil: Saux, Gaston Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Demey, Ignacio. Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos Aires S. A.; ArgentinaFil: Rojas, Zenón Galeno. Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos Aires S. A.; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Feldberg, Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
Cognitive intervention in mild cognitive impairment: A review
Get PDFLas intervenciones de entrenamiento, estimulación y rehabilitación cognitiva representan una opción no farmacológica de tratamiento para las diferentes causas de trastornos en las funciones mentales superiores y de demencia. El Deterioro Cognitivo Leve constituye un estadío intermedio entre el envejecimiento normal y la demencia y confiere un riesgo incrementado de progresión. Existen diferentes subtipos de Deterioro Cognitivo Leve en base a las funciones cognitivas comprometidas, siendo la variante amnésica la más frecuente. Se revisaron los trabajos que exploraron la utilidad y eficacia del entrenamiento, la estimulación y la rehabilitación cognitiva en el Deterioro Cognitivo Leve. Pese a la gran variabilidad en los diseños, en los tipos de intervenciones, en la duración de los tratamientos y en las variables consideradas, en la gran mayoría de las publicaciones se encontró un efecto beneficioso en diferentes medidas tenidas en cuenta. En ninguno de los trabajos se reportó una respuesta desfavorable. Resulta necesario profundizar el estudio de estas intervenciones mediante una metodología más homogénea para determinar el real grado de relevancia en la mejoría de los trastornos de los pacientes así como en el eventual retardo en la evolución a demencia en cada uno de los subtipos sindromáticos y etiológicos del Deterioro Cognitivo Leve.Cognitive intervention involves training, stimulation and rehabilitation of higher brain functions, and stands as a non pharmacological treatment option for patients with cognitive symptoms and dementia. Mild Cognitive Impairment is a syndrome that appears to capture a group of individuals in a transitional state between normal aging and dementia. Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment have a higher risk of progression to dementia. There are different subtypes of Mild Cognitive Impairment taking in consideration the cognitive domains that are affected, being the amnestic subtype the most common. This review examines the publications that explored the utility and efficacy of cognitive intervention in patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Although there is great variability in the studies design, in the type of intervention, in the treatment length and in the outcome measures selected, the majority of the papers reviewed reported a beneficial effect of the intervention, and none of them found an unfavorable result. Further adequately designed studies of cognitive treatment interventions in the different Mild Cognitive Impairment subtypes are needed to evaluate their potential benefits in ameliorating the patients’ symptoms and in reducing the rate of progression to dementia.Fil: Demey, Ignacio. Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos Aires; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires"; ArgentinaFil: Allegri, Ricardo Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos Aires; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires"; Argentina. Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno"; Argentin
Cognitive intervention in mild cognitive impairment: A review
Get PDFLas intervenciones de entrenamiento, estimulación y rehabilitación cognitiva representan una opción no farmacológica de tratamiento para las diferentes causas de trastornos en las funciones mentales superiores y de demencia. El Deterioro Cognitivo Leve constituye un estadío intermedio entre el envejecimiento normal y la demencia y confiere un riesgo incrementado de progresión. Existen diferentes subtipos de Deterioro Cognitivo Leve en base a las funciones cognitivas comprometidas, siendo la variante amnésica la más frecuente. Se revisaron los trabajos que exploraron la utilidad y eficacia del entrenamiento, la estimulación y la rehabilitación cognitiva en el Deterioro Cognitivo Leve. Pese a la gran variabilidad en los diseños, en los tipos de intervenciones, en la duración de los tratamientos y en las variables consideradas, en la gran mayoría de las publicaciones se encontró un efecto beneficioso en diferentes medidas tenidas en cuenta. En ninguno de los trabajos se reportó una respuesta desfavorable. Resulta necesario profundizar el estudio de estas intervenciones mediante una metodología más homogénea para determinar el real grado de relevancia en la mejoría de los trastornos de los pacientes así como en el eventual retardo en la evolución a demencia en cada uno de los subtipos sindromáticos y etiológicos del Deterioro Cognitivo Leve.Cognitive intervention involves training, stimulation and rehabilitation of higher brain functions, and stands as a non pharmacological treatment option for patients with cognitive symptoms and dementia. Mild Cognitive Impairment is a syndrome that appears to capture a group of individuals in a transitional state between normal aging and dementia. Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment have a higher risk of progression to dementia. There are different subtypes of Mild Cognitive Impairment taking in consideration the cognitive domains that are affected, being the amnestic subtype the most common. This review examines the publications that explored the utility and efficacy of cognitive intervention in patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Although there is great variability in the studies design, in the type of intervention, in the treatment length and in the outcome measures selected, the majority of the papers reviewed reported a beneficial effect of the intervention, and none of them found an unfavorable result. Further adequately designed studies of cognitive treatment interventions in the different Mild Cognitive Impairment subtypes are needed to evaluate their potential benefits in ameliorating the patients’ symptoms and in reducing the rate of progression to dementia.Fil: Demey, Ignacio. Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos Aires; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires"; ArgentinaFil: Allegri, Ricardo Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos Aires; Argentina. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires"; Argentina. Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno"; Argentin
Actualizaciones en el diagnóstico y tratamiento del deterioro cognitivo vascular
Get PDFIntroducción: Los trastornos cognitivos de causa vascular representan un grupo de entidades de gran heterogeneidad etiológica y clínica. Objetivo: Revisar las últimas evidencias en el diagnóstico y tratamiento del deterioro cognitivo vascular. Desarrollo: Los conceptos de deterioro cognitivo leve vascular y demencia vascular engloban las consecuencias del daño cerebral a punto de partida vascular sobre las funciones cognitivas y conductuales. La actualización de sus criterios diagnósticos, con la incorporación a los mismos de biomarcadores y test genéticos para patologías concomitantes como la enfermedad de Alzheimer, posibilitará el desarrollo de nuevos estudios epidemiológicos y terapéuticos. En su tratamiento se deben tener presentes el control de los factores de riesgo, las terapias de rehabilitación, la prevención secundaria y el manejo farmacológico sintomático. Dentro de los fármacos disponibles existen recomendaciones basadas en estudios de tipo IIa y nivel de evidencia de grado A para la utilización del Donepecilo en pacientes con demencia vascular y de la Galantamina en demencias de causa mixta. Conclusiones: La detección precoz y el diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuados de los cuadros de deterioro cognitivo vascular pueden mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes afectados. La acción médica más relevante en este tipo de cuadros debe ser la dirigida a la prevención.Introduction: The term vascular cognitive impairment refers to a clinical and etiological heterogeneous group of entities that may appear as a result of brain lesions caused by vascular disease. Aim: To update the evidence and recommendations on the diagnosis and management of vascular cognitive impairment. Results: vascular mild cognitive impairment and vascular dementia are entities that capture the entire spectrum of cognitive impairment following stroke or subclinical vascular brain injury. The recent update on the diagnostic criteria of these entities, with the incorporation of biomarkers and genetic tests for concomitant disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, may lead to the development of new epidemiological and therapeutics studies. Different aspects should be considered in the management of these entities: control of vascular risk factors, inclusion in rehabilitation programs, secondary prevention and symptomatic pharmacological therapy. Donepezil can be useful for cognitive enhancement in patients with vascular dementia (Class IIa; Level of Evidence A) and Galantamine can be beneficial for patients with mixed Alzheimer’s disease/vascular dementia (Class IIa; Level of Evidence A). Conclusions: Early detection and accurate diagnosis and management of vascular cognitive impairment can benefit the quality of life of the affected patients. Prevention is still the best medical strategy in cerebrovascular disorders.Fil: Demey, Ignacio. Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos Aires S. A.; ArgentinaFil: Somale, Verónica. Instituto de Neurociencias Buenos Aires S. A.; ArgentinaFil: Allegri, Ricardo Francisco. Fundación para la Lucha contra las Enfermedades Neurológicas de la Infancia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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