1,720,962 research outputs found
Prognosis and Outcomes of Acute and Chronic Tubulointerstitial Nephritis
No full textTubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is a rare heterogenous kidney disease and outcomes depend upon many factors including patient characteristics, clinical presentation and histopathological features on kidney biopsy. When considering short-term kidney outcomes, about 20% of adult patients with acute TIN will require dialysis, although many will fully or partially recover without need for maintenance kidney replacement therapy. However, current evidence suggests that long-term kidney outcomes of patients with TIN are far less favorable than originally thought. Risk factors for adverse kidney outcomes include patient characteristics (e.g., older age, hypertension), a higher degree of proteinuria, recurrent acute TIN episodes and signs of disease chronicity or granulomatous interstitial nephritis on kidney biopsy. Pediatric patients have a better long-term prognosis, although a significant proportion of patients will develop CKD as well. In general, drug-induced acute TIN has a better prognosis when compared with autoimmune etiologies, particularly if the inciting drug is discontinued early in the disease course and re-exposure is avoided. Autoimmune etiologies frequently cause CKD, partially because they are associated with recurrent acute TIN episodes. In this review, we summarize the available data regarding prognosis and outcomes of acute and chronic TIN for various etiologies of TIN. (c) 2025 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Primary FSGS is not associated with worse kidney outcome compared with other FSGS subtypes
No full textBackground Studies that compare kidney outcomes across patients with different forms of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are lacking. Methods This retrospective study compared annual estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) slope and kidney failure rate (eGFR <15 mL/min/1.73 m(2) or initiation of kidney replacement therapy) across patients with biopsy-proven primary, maladaptive, genetic and undetermined FSGS. Patients were included from two Belgian tertiary referral hospitals, from 2010 until 2022. Associations between covariates and kidney failure were estimated using Cox and Fine and Gray models. eGFR slopes were estimated using linear mixed-effects models. Results Eighty-two patients were subdivided into primary (28.1%), maladaptive (40.2%), genetic (14.6%) and undetermined FSGS (17.1%) groups. Kidney failure occurred in 22 patients (26.8%). Primary FSGS patients exhibited higher baseline eGFR and less chronic changes on biopsy. The annual eGFR slope was -2.5 mL/min in primary, -2.5 mL/min in maladaptive, -4.6 mL/min in genetic and -4.4 mL/min in undetermined FSGS. Female sex was associated with a lower kidney failure rate and higher eGFR slope. Higher proteinuria at biopsy was associated with a higher kidney failure rate, lower eGFR slope and a higher mortality rate. Global sclerosis on kidney biopsy was associated with lower baseline eGFR, while a higher percentage of segmental sclerosis rather associated with more rapid eGFR decline [-1.5 mL/min/year per 10% increase, 95% confidence interval (-2.2, -0.7)]. Conclusions Patients with primary FSGS were biopsied earlier in their disease course and exhibited surprisingly good kidney outcome. Overall, sex, baseline eGFR, proteinuria and the degree of focal and global glomerulosclerosis play a more important role in estimating the prognosis of patients with FSGS than merely the FSGS etiology.FUNDING
D.D. is supported by a PhD Fellowship grant fundamental research from the Research Foundation Flanders (F.W.O.) (grant number 11L5622N). M.C. is supported by the Research Foundation Flanders (F.W.O.) (grant 12D6423N). A.H.V.C. is supported by a postdoctoral grant from the University Hospitals Leuven (KOOR) and a Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) SBO project (S006722N). B.K.M. is a senior clinical investigator of F.W.O. (1 800 820 N) and received grant support from KU Leuven (3M190551 and C14/21/103).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This study was approved by the ethical committees of the academic hospitals of UZ Leuven and UZ Ghent (study reference S66295). All study participants were informed on the use of their data for this retrospective analysis
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
