342 research outputs found
Test oracles for simulink-like models
No full textThe design of embedded systems is often supported by the definition of executable models for tools like Matlab/Simulink or Scilab/Xcos. These models play a pivotal role in the development process and their correctness is thus extremely important. Many different solutions exist for the definition of suitable tests to âexerciseâ these models, but only a few (partial) solutions exist for assessing the quality of execution (simulation) results, that is, for defining suitable oracles. This paper addresses the problem and proposes a formal language for specifying the oracles and relating them to existing models. It also presents Apolom, a prototype tool for checking simulation results against stated oracles. The empirical assessment we conducted to assess the viability of the proposed solution is organized around four case studies and witnesses interesting results in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, and required resources
Identity in the novels of Marcio Veloz Maggiolo
Get PDF(in English): The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse the Dominican identity in the works of the Dominican author Marcio Veloz Maggiolo. At first, the thesis briefly summarizes the evolution of the Dominican literature and mentions its most significant figures. Secondly, it deals with the evolution of the dominicaness from the colonial period up to the present and explains the reasons of the rooted antihaitianism. The second part consists of a detailed analysis of the novels The Diffuse Biography of Sombra Castañeda and The Accordion Man by Marcio Veloz Maggiolo, emphasizing the symbols of the official government's discourse, and also a more opened perspective of the dominicaness
Test data generation framework for object-oriented software
No full textA geração de dados de teste é uma tarefa obrigatória do processo de teste de software. Em geral, é realizada por prossionais de teste, o que torna seu custo elevado e sua automatização necessária. Os frameworks existentes que auxiliam essa atividade são restritos, fornecendo apenas uma única técnica de geração de dados de teste, uma única função de aptidão para avaliação dos indivíduos e apenas um algoritmo de seleção. Este trabalho apresenta o framework JaBTeG (Java Bytecode Test Generation) de geração de dados de teste. A principal característica do framework é permitir o desenvolvimento de métodos de geração de dados de teste por meio da seleção da técnica de geração de dados de teste, da função de aptidão, do algoritmo de seleção e critério de teste estrutural. Utilizando o framework JaBTeG, técnicas de geração de dados de teste podem ser criadas e experimentadas. O framework está associado à ferramenta de teste JaBUTi (Java Bytecode Understanding and Testing) para auxiliar a geração de dados de teste. Quatro técnicas de geração de dados de teste, duas funções de aptidão e quatro algoritmos de seleção foram desenvolvidos para validação da abordagem proposta pelo framework. De maneira complementar, cinco programas com características diferentes foram testados com dados gerados usando os métodos providos pelo framework JaBTeG.Test data generation is a mandatory activity of the software testing process. In general, it is carried out by testing practitioners, which makes it costly and its automation needed. Existing frameworks to support this activity are restricted, providing only one data generation technique, a single tness function to evaluate individuals, and a unique selection algorithm. This work describes the JaBTeG (Test Java Bytecode Generation) framework for testing data generation. The main characteristc of JaBTeG is to allow the development of data generation methods by selecting the data generation technique, the tness function, the selection algorithm and the structural testing criteria. By using JaBTeG, new methods for testing data generation can be developed and experimented. The framework was associated with JaBUTi (Java Bytecode Understanding and Testing) to support testing data creation. Four data generation techniques, two tness functions, and four selection algorithms were developed to validate the approach proposed by the framework. In addition, ve programs with dierent characteristics were tested with data generated using the methods supported by JaBTeG
DBValTooi : uma ferramenta para apoiar o teste e a validaçao de projeto de banco de dados relacional
Get PDFOrientador : Márcio Eduardo Delamaro e Edmundo Sérgio SpotoDissertaçao (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ParanáResumo: A capacidade de armazenar, disponibilizar e proteger uma grande quantidade de dados confere aos bancos de dados papel de grande importância na maioria das modernas organizações, sejam elas grandes ou pequenas. E essencial que os sistemas de banco de dados funcionem corretamente e apresentem desempenho aceitável. Diante da importância da integridade e da consistência das informações a serem armazenadas nos sistemas de banco de dados, técnicas específicas para testar as bases de dados, principalmente antes de serem povoadas, respondem a uma necessidade muitas vezes vital. Nesse sentido, este trabalho apresenta um modelo de processo de validação de projeto, que tem como objetivo principal aumentar a qualidade e a confiabilidade dos projetos de banco de dados. A Ferramenta DBValTool, que pode ser utilizada em várias etapas do modelo proposto, foi desenvolvida para fornecer o apoio necessário ao teste de bases de dados, buscando proporcionar um aumento da qualidade e uma redução de tempo e de custo durante a atividade de teste. O uso do modelo proposto e da Ferramenta DBValTool, em estudos de casos realizados, apresentou, como se esperava inicialmente, contribuições ao processo de teste e de validação do projeto.Abstract: The capacity to store, to make available and to protect a large amount of data gives the database a role of great importance in most modern organizations. It is essential that the database system properly works and shows an acceptable performance. Considering the importance of both integrity and consistency of the information to be stored into the database systems, specific techniques to test the databases, mainly before being filled, are essentials. This study shows a process model for design validation that aims at enhancing both the quality and reliance of the database projects. The DBValTool, which can be used in several stages of the suggested model, was developed to give the necessary support to the databases test, trying to improve the quality and reduce both the time and cost during the test activity. The use of the suggested model and the DBValTool in case studies performed, showed, contributions to the validation and test process of the database design
PROgram Testing Using Mutants
No full text<p>Proteum is a mutation based tool that consists of independent funtional modules (programs) enabling experienced users to apply test trhough shell scripts, reducing the amount of interaction between the user and Proteum and saving time. </p>
Assessing the influence of multiple test case selection on mutation experiments
No full textMutation testing is widely used in experiments.\ud
Some papers experiment with mutation directly, while others\ud
use it to introduce faults to measure the effectiveness of tests\ud
created by other methods. There is some random variation in the\ud
mutation score depending on the specific test values used. When\ud
generating tests to use in experiments, a common, although not\ud
universal practice, is to generate multiple sets of tests to satisfy\ud
the same criterion or according to the same procedure, and then\ud
to compute their average performance. Averaging over multiple\ud
test sets is thought to reduce the variation in the mutation score.\ud
This practice is extremely expensive when tests are generated by\ud
hand (as is common) and as the number of programs increase (a\ud
current positive trend in software engineering experimentation).\ud
The research reported in this short paper asks a simple\ud
and direct question: do we need to generate multiple sets of\ud
test cases? That is, how do different test sets influence the\ud
cost and effectiveness results? In a controlled experiment, we\ud
generated 10 different test cases to be adequate for the Statement\ud
Deletion (SSDL) mutation operator for 39 small programs and\ud
functions, and then evaluated how they differ in terms of cost and\ud
effectiveness. We found that averaging over multiple programs\ud
was effective in reducing the variance in the mutation scores\ud
introduced by specific testsFAPESP (número processo 2012/16950-5
Systematic reviews with language restrictions and no author contact have lower overall credibility: a methodology study
No full textZhen Wang,1–3 Juan P Brito,4 Apostolos Tsapas,5 Marcio L Griebeler,4 Fares Alahdab,1,3 Mohammad Hassan Murad,1,3,61Robert D and Patricia E Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, 2Division of Health Care Policy and Research, Department of Health Sciences Research, 3Knowledge and Evaluation Research Unit, 4Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; 5Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; 6Division of Preventive, Occupational and Aerospace Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USABackground: High-quality systematic reviews (SRs) require rigorous approaches to identify, appraise, select, and synthesize research evidence relevant to a specific question. In this study, we evaluated the association between two steps in the conduct of an SR – restricting the search to English, and author contact for missing data – and the overall credibility of a SR.Methods: All SRs cited by the Endocrine Society's Clinical Practice Guidelines published from October 2006 through January 2012 were included. The main outcome was the overall A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) score, as a surrogate of SR credibility. Nonparametric Kruskal–Wallis tests and multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate the association between language restriction, author contact for missing data, and the overall AMSTAR score.Results: In all, 69 SRs were included in the analysis. Only 31 SRs (45%) reported searching non-English literature, with an average AMSTAR score of 7.90 (standard deviation [SD] =1.64). SRs that reported language restriction received significantly lower AMSTAR scores (mean =5.25, SD =2.32) (P<0.001). Only 30 SRs (43%) reported contacting authors for missing data, and these received, on average, 2.59 more AMSTAR points (SD =1.95) than those who did not (P<0.001). In multivariable analyses, AMSTAR score was significantly correlated with language restriction (beta =-1.31, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -2.62, -0.01, P=0.05) and author contact for missing data (beta =2.16, 95% CI: 0.91, 3.41, P=0.001). However, after adjusting for compliance with reporting guidelines, language restriction was no longer significantly associated with the AMSTAR score.Conclusion: Fewer than half of the SRs conducted to support the clinical practice guidelines we examined reported contacting study authors or searched non–English literature. SRs that did not conduct these two steps had lower quality scores, suggesting the importance of these two steps for overall SR credibility.Keywords: evidence-based medicine, research design, validity, quality of evidenc
Designing deletion mutation operators
No full textMutation analysis modifies a program by applying\ud
syntactic rules, called mutation operators, systematically to create\ud
many versions of the program (mutants) that differ in small\ud
ways. Testers then design tests to cause the mutants to behave\ud
differently from the original program. Mutation testing is widely\ud
considered to result in very effective tests, however, it is also quite\ud
costly. Cost comes from the many mutants that are created, the\ud
number of tests that are needed to kill the mutants, and the\ud
difficulty of deciding whether mutants behave equivalently to\ud
the original program. One-op mutation theorizes that cost can be\ud
reduced by using a single, very powerful, mutation operator that\ud
leads to tests that are almost as effective as if all operators are\ud
used. Previous research proposed the statement deletion operator\ud
(SDL) and found promising results. This paper investigates the\ud
use of SDL-mutation in a new context, the language C, and poses\ud
additional empirical questions, including whether other operators\ud
can be used. We carried out a controlled experiment in which\ud
cost and effectiveness of each individual C mutation operator\ud
were collected for 39 different subject programs. Experimental\ud
data are used to define a cost-effectiveness metric to choose the\ud
best single operator for one-op mutation.FAPESP (número processo 2012/16950-5
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