1,721,116 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Oncogenic mutation of GATA2 gene in familial acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplasia
No full textDepuis 2011, des mutations hétérozygotes germinales du gène GATA2 ont été identifiées chez des patients et familles, associées à des maladies hématologiques (myélodysplasie (MDS), leucémie aiguë myéloblastique (LAM)), immunologiques (déficit en cellules B, NK et monocytes (DMLC syndrome)) et vasculaires (syndrome d'Emberger, associant MDS et lymphœdème) 1-3. Le gène GATA2 code pour un facteur de transcription comportant 2 doigts de zinc, essentiel dans la régulation de la prolifération et de la différenciation des cellules progénitrices et des cellules souches hématopoïétiques (CSH). De nombreuses mutations différentes du gène GATA2 ont été identifiées (mutations ponctuelles non-sens ou faux sens, larges délétions, délétions focales d'un enhancer dans l'intron 4) sans claire corrélation entre le génotype et le phénotype. Nous avons d'abord retrouvé, par séquençage des phases codantes (exome) au sein d'une famille de 4 patients suivis à Toulouse, une mutation GATA2 R396Q. Dans un second temps, l'analyse d'une cohorte nationale a permis d'identifier des patients porteurs de mutations GATA2 présentant des phénotypes cliniques de type DMLC, LAM et/ou MDS 4. Actuellement, plus de 80 patients ont été identifiés au niveau national. Au niveau fonctionnel, nous avons initié l'analyse de 2 mutations ayant des conséquences clairement distinctes : la mutation R204X qui conduit à un codon stop dans le domaine précédant le premier doigt de zinc et la mutation ponctuelle R396Q, faux sens, située à la fin du deuxième doigt de zinc. Les modèles de différenciation in vitro en milieu semi-solide à partir de progéniteurs hématopoïétiques transduits par un vecteur rétroviral ont montré que les cellules transduites avec le mutant R396Q restent bloquées à un stade précoce de différenciation granulo-monocytaire, confirmé par l'analyse cytologique (aspect de myéloblastes). Le mutant R204X ne montre aucun effet différentiel en comparaison des cellules transduites par GATA2 sauvage. Le mutant R396Q, à la différence du mutant R204X, peut induire une transformation leucémique des cellules in vitro lors de réensemencements sériels des progéniteurs transduits. Ces cellules peuvent être cultivées indéfiniment en milieu liquide sans cytokines, initiant une lignée leucémique. La localisation cellulaire de ces 2 protéines mutantes est distincte, nucléaire pour le mutant R396Q (identique à la protéine normale) et cytoplasmique pour le mutant R204X par perte probable du signal de localisation nucléaire. L'analyse transcriptomique a retrouvé un ensemble de gènes différentiellement exprimés entre le mutant R396Q et le gène sauvage. Différents modèles animaux sont développés. Deux modèles murins, un de reconstitution hématopoïétique après transduction et un modèle knock-in inductible, sont en cours. La première expérience de reconstitution hématopoïétique n'a pas permis de mettre en évidence de phénotype leucémique après 6 mois de suivi, par probable rétention intramédullaire et différenciation terminale des cellules transduites. Nous avons également initié une collaboration permettant d'analyser l'effet des mutations de GATA2 ou équivalents ontogéniques (serpent, pannier) dans la drosophile. Les protéines GATA sont ainsi très conservées au cours de l'évolution et dans la drosophile, les protéines de la famille GATA ont un rôle essentiel dans la différenciation du système hématopoïétique de cet animal.Since 2011, heterozygous germline GATA2 mutations have been identified in patients and families associated with hematological (myelodysplasia (MDS), acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)), immunological (B cells, NK cells and monocytes deficiency (DMLC syndrome)) and vascular diseases (Emberger syndrome, combining MDS and lymphedema) 1-3. The GATA2 gene encodes a transcription factor containing two zinc fingers critical for the regulation of the proliferation and differentiation of progenitor and hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Many different GATA2 mutations were identified (nonsense or missense point mutations, large deletions, focal deletions of an enhancer in intron 4) without clear correlation between genotype and phenotype. We first identified a R396Q mutation of GATA2 by sequencing the coding frames (exome) of cells in a family of 4 patients followed in Toulouse. Then the analysis of a national cohort identified additional patients carrying GATA2 mutations with various clinical phenotypes such as DMLC, AML and/or MDS 4. Currently, over 80 patients have been identified at the national level. Functionally, we initiated the analysis of 2 specific mutations with very distinct consequences: R204X a mutation leading to a stop codon before the first zinc finger and the R396Q a missense mutation located at the end of the second zinc finger. In vitro differentiation in semi-solid medium of hematopoietic progenitors transduced with a retroviral vector have shown that the cells transduced with the mutant R396Q remain blocked at an early stage of granulo-monocytic differentiation confirmed by cytological analysis (myeloblasts). The R204X mutant shows no differential effect compared to cells transduced with wild type GATA2. The R396Q mutant, unlike the R204X, can induce leukemic transformation of cells in vitro after serial re-seeding of transduced progenitors. These cells may be grown in liquid media without cytokines indefinitely, initiating a leukemia cell line. The cellular localization of these two mutant proteins is distinct, nuclear for the R396Q mutant (identical to the wild type protein) and cytoplasmic for the R204X mutant by probable loss of the nuclear localization signal. Transcriptomic analyses have shown differential gene expression between R396Q mutant and the normal gene. Various animal models are developed. Two mice models, one of hematopoietic reconstitution after retroviral transduction and one inducible knock-in model, are ongoing. The first hematopoietic reconstitution experiment failed to demonstrate leukemic phenotype after 6 months of follow-up, likely by intramedullary retention and terminal differentiation of transduced cells. We have also initiated collaboration to analyze the effect of mutations of GATA2 or equivalent ontogenetic genes (serpent, pannier) in Drosophila. GATA proteins are very well conserved during evolution and in Drosophila, the GATA family proteins have a critical role in the differentiation of the hematopoietic system
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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