1,720,989 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Use of levosimendan in a department of internal medicine: our clinical experience in chronic heart failure. A case series
No full textBackground: Levosimendan is a pyridazone-dinitrile derivative. Its
primary action is to increase cardiac contractility: binding to troponin
C in a calcium-dependent manner and stabilizing it,
levodimendan induces actomyosin cross-bridging without increasing
myocardial consumption of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) or intracellular
calcium concentration. Thus, cardiac performance and
contractility are improved with no increase in the total myocardial
energy demand and oxygen consumption. Exerting its effects mainly
during systole, regular ventricular filling and coronaric flow are
preserved in dyastole. Moreover, arrhytmogenesis is not increased as
total intracellular calcium levels are not raised. Levosimendan’s
peripheral actions are mainly related do vasodilatation, with reduction
of cardiac afterload. Independent to the beta-adrenergic
pathway, levosimendan increases cardiac inotropism, reduces
peripheral vasoconstriction even in presence of the beneficial effects
of beta-blockade. Clinical trials have already evaluated the potential
clinical application of this drug in acute decompensated heart failure
(AHF), without being conclusive for a definite beneficial effect of
levosimendan on major outcomes over classic inotropic drugs, such
as beta-agonists [1, 2], actually representing an expensive, secondline
option in this setting. On the other hand, only small, nonrandomized
studies have evaluated the role of the pulsed i.v.
administration of this drug in patients affected by chronic heart
failure (CHF) with low ejection fraction [3, 4]. To our knowledge,
one RCT has been performed on a the oral formulation of levosimendan
in this setting [5], and a larger trial on the i.v. pulsed
administration is still ongoing [6].
Aims of the study: To describe how pulsed, chronic i.v. administration
of levosimendan affected survival, funtional class, number of
admissions due to AHF and ejection fraction in ten patients with
chronic, compensated heart failure followed by our Internal Medicine
department.
Materials and methods: Ten consecutive male patients, homogeneous
for pathology (postischemic hypertrophic-dilated cardiopathy)
and functional class (NYHA class IIIB-IV) were selected for pulsed
administration of levosimendan, 0.15 lg/kg/min every 3 weeks
starting from 01/01/2007. History and physical examination were
performed every admission. Echocardiography and BNP were performed
at the time of the first infusion and every 3 months. Statistical
analysis was performed with SPSS 13.0 for Windows.
Results: Mean age of the group was 76 ± 12 years. All the patients
were under therapy with beta-blocker, an ACE-I or an ARB, loop
diuretics, spironolactone or similar anti-aldosteronic drugs and statins.
Two patients died for acutely decompensated heart failure (32 and
14 months, respectively, after the first infusion). 40% of the group
needed further admissions for acutely decompensated heart failure.
Mean survival of the group was 25.6 ± 16.5 months. Ejection fraction
was 30.8 ± 6.2% at baseline and increased to 40 ± 5.9% at
3 months (p\0.05, using Wilcoxon Signed rank test and t test for
repeated measures). BNP mean level was 718. ± 227.2 ng/ml at
baseline and decreased to 503 ± 159.3 ng/ml at 3 months (p\0.05,
using Wilcoxon Signed rank test and t test for repeated measures).
NYHA class remained constant within the controls (p[0.05 using
Chi-squared test).
Discussion: In this small case series, survival and rehospitalization
rates were lower than the ones described in literature [7]. We also
observed an overall improvement of echocardiographic and laboratoristic
parameters in patients undergoing to levosimendan therapy.
Since large, randomized, studies of the use of this drug in chronic,
compensated heart failure are still ongoing [6], our data are only
suggestive fore possible a role of i.v. administration of levosimendan
in manteinance therapy in CHF. These data are consistent with those
already described in other studies [3, 4].
References
1. Follath F, Cleland JG et al (2002) Efficacy and safety of
intravenous levosimendan compared with dobutamine in severe
low-output heart failure (the LIDO study): a randomised doubleblind
trial. Lancet 360(9328):196–202
2. Mebazaa A, Nieminen MS et al (2007) Levosimendan vs
dobutamine for patients with acute decompensated heart failure:
the SURVIVE randomized trial. JAMA 297(17):1883–1891
3. Nanas JN, Papazoglou P et al (2005) Efficacy and safety of
intermittent, long-term, concomitant dobutamine and levosimendan
infusions in severe heart failure refractory to dobutamine
alone. Am J Cardiol 95(6):768–771
4. Drakos SG, Kanakakis JV et al (2009) Intermittent inotropic
infusions combined with prophylactic oral amiodarone for
patients with decompensated end-stage heart failure. J Cardiovasc
Pharmacol 53(2):157–161 (PubMed PMID: 19188832)
5. Nieminen MS, Cleland JG et al (2008) Oral levosimendan in
patients with severe chronic heart failure—the PERSIST study.
Eur J Heart Fail 10(12):1246–1254 (Epub 2008 Oct 21)
S92 Intern Emerg Med (2010) 5 (Suppl 2):S91–S128
123
6. Altenberger J, Parissis JT, Ulmer H, Poelzl G, LevoRep
Investigators (2010) Rationale and design of the multicentre
randomized trial investigating the efficacy and safety of pulsed
infusions of levosimendan in outpatients with advanced heart
failure (LevoRep study). Eur J Heart Fail 12(2):186–192
7. Fauci AS, Braunwald E et al (1998) Harrison’s Principles of
Internal Medicine, 17th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York
This contribution has been awarded as Best Communication
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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