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Figs 8–14 in Review of two Tonnoir moth fly species, overlooked for a century (Diptera: Psychodidae: Psychodinae)
No full textFigs 8–14. Pneumia vittata (Tonnoir, 1919) comb. nov., male and female (13‒14). 8 – maxilla and palpus maxillaris; 9 – wing; 10 – epandrium, dorsal view; 11 – hypoproct and epiproct, dorsal view, dissected; 12 – epandrial lobe, dorsal view; 13 – cercus, lateral view; 14 – subgenital plate and genital chamber, dorsal view. Scale bars: 9 = 1 mm; 8, 10, 12, 13 = 0.2 mm; 11 = 0.1 mm; 14 = 0.3 mm.Published as part of Ježek, Jan, Oboňa, Jozef, Grootaert, Patrick, Lock, Koen, Manko, Peter & Dekoninck, Wouter, 2020, Review of two Tonnoir moth fly species, overlooked for a century (Diptera: Psychodidae: Psychodinae), pp. 517-526 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (Acta. Ent. Mus. Natl. Pragae) 60 (2) on page 520, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.034, http://zenodo.org/record/517761
Discovery of a new inland population of Amara strenua Zimmerman, 1832 at Heverlee, central Belgium (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
No full textA new inland population of the rare ground beetle Amara strenua Zimmerman, 1832 is reported for Belgium. This species was encountered during a survey using pitfall traps at Abdij van Park near Heverlee. This observation marks the first record in Flemish Brabant, as well as the most inland known population of A. strenua in Flanders. Details on the habitat and the phenology of the newly discovered population are provided. Furthermore, an overview of the known records and an updated distribution map are given and discussed. We rapporteren de vondst van een nieuwe Belgische binnenlandse populatie van de zeldzame loopkever Amara strenua Zimmerman, 1832. Deze soort werd waargenomen tijdens een onderzoek met bodemvallen in Abdij van Park in Heverlee. Deze opmerkelijke vondst telt zowel als de eerste observatie voor Vlaams-Brabant, als de meest binnenlands gekende populatie in Vlaanderen. Gegevens over de habitat en fenologie van deze ontdekte populatie worden gegeven. Verder wordt een overzicht van de gekende records gemaakt en besproken, samen met een aangepaste verspreidingskaart. Résumé Une nouvelle population du rare scarabée terrestre Amara strenua Zimmerman, 1832 est mentionnée en Belgique. L'espèce a été observée lors d'un inventaire à Abdij van Park (Heverlee). Cette observation constitue le premier signalement de l'espèce dans le Brabant flamand et sa localisation la plus à l'intérieur des terres en Flandre. Des informations détaillées sur l'habitat et la phénologie sont fournis. En outre, une carte de distribution actualisée et un compte rendu des observations sont donnés et discutés. Introduction Amara strenua is an 8-10 mm long ground beetle (Carabidae) (Fig. 1). It is characterized by a metallic green or bronze dorsal coloration and trifurcate protibial spur. It can be identified reliably by the unique shape of the male genitalia. A. strenua most closely resembles A. tricuspidata, but can be differentiated by a deeper groove-shaped basal impression on the pronotum and a narrower pronotum posteriorly in A. tricuspidata. The male genitalia of A. strenua are distinctive, missing lateral indentations on the aedeagus (MUILWIJK et al., 2015)
Discovery of a new inland population of Amara strenua Zimmerman, 1832 at Heverlee, central Belgium (Coleoptera: Carabidae)
No full textA new inland population of the rare ground beetle Amara strenua Zimmerman, 1832 is reported for Belgium. This species was encountered during a survey using pitfall traps at Abdij van Park near Heverlee. This observation marks the first record in Flemish Brabant, as well as the most inland known population of A. strenua in Flanders. Details on the habitat and the phenology of the newly discovered population are provided. Furthermore, an overview of the known records and an updated distribution map are given and discussed. We rapporteren de vondst van een nieuwe Belgische binnenlandse populatie van de zeldzame loopkever Amara strenua Zimmerman, 1832. Deze soort werd waargenomen tijdens een onderzoek met bodemvallen in Abdij van Park in Heverlee. Deze opmerkelijke vondst telt zowel als de eerste observatie voor Vlaams-Brabant, als de meest binnenlands gekende populatie in Vlaanderen. Gegevens over de habitat en fenologie van deze ontdekte populatie worden gegeven. Verder wordt een overzicht van de gekende records gemaakt en besproken, samen met een aangepaste verspreidingskaart. Résumé Une nouvelle population du rare scarabée terrestre Amara strenua Zimmerman, 1832 est mentionnée en Belgique. L'espèce a été observée lors d'un inventaire à Abdij van Park (Heverlee). Cette observation constitue le premier signalement de l'espèce dans le Brabant flamand et sa localisation la plus à l'intérieur des terres en Flandre. Des informations détaillées sur l'habitat et la phénologie sont fournis. En outre, une carte de distribution actualisée et un compte rendu des observations sont donnés et discutés. Introduction Amara strenua is an 8-10 mm long ground beetle (Carabidae) (Fig. 1). It is characterized by a metallic green or bronze dorsal coloration and trifurcate protibial spur. It can be identified reliably by the unique shape of the male genitalia. A. strenua most closely resembles A. tricuspidata, but can be differentiated by a deeper groove-shaped basal impression on the pronotum and a narrower pronotum posteriorly in A. tricuspidata. The male genitalia of A. strenua are distinctive, missing lateral indentations on the aedeagus (MUILWIJK et al., 2015)
FIGURE 1 in First record of the West Nile virus bridge vector Culex modestus Ficalbi (Diptera Culicidae) in Belgium, validated by DNA barcoding
No full textFIGURE 1. (A) Posterior part of the mounted Cx. modestus larva. Zoom on the diagnostic characteristic of the siphon, showing disarrayed insertion points of the ventral siphonal setae. (B) Posterior part of a mounted Cx. pipiens larva.Published as part of <i>Wolf, Katrien De, Vanderheyden, Ann, Deblauwe, Isra, Smitz, Nathalie, Gombeer, Sophie, Vanslembrouck, Adwine, Meganck, Kenny, Dekoninck, Wouter, Meyer, Marc De, Backeljau, Thierry, Müller, Ruth & Bortel, Wim Van, 2021, First record of the West Nile virus bridge vector Culex modestus Ficalbi (Diptera Culicidae) in Belgium, validated by DNA barcoding, pp. 131-139 in Zootaxa 4920 (1)</i> on page 134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4920.1.7, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4471790">http://zenodo.org/record/4471790</a>
Faunistic, taxonomic and ecological research of ants from the Galápagos Islands with emphasis on invasive species
Get PDFConflict en coöperatie tussen mieren en met mieren geassocieerde arthropoden
No full textAn intimate association between two species is known as a symbiosis. A symbiotic relationship where both partners benefit is defined as a mutualism. This is in contrast with parasitism, where one partner benefits at the expense of another partner. Commensalism is a third type of symbiotic association and is characterized by one partner that takes advantage of the association and the other is unaffected. These different types of symbioses are widespread in social insects. The largest diversity of social insect symbionts evolved in the group of myrmecophiles, which are arthropods that live inside or in close vicinity of ant nests. Up till now, studies on myrmecophiles focus typically on the association between a host and a single symbiont. In this thesis, ant nests were considered as microcosms with multiple myrmecophiles living together in the same ant nest. We were interested in the biotic and abiotic interactions that affect the symbiotic community as a whole, rather than focusing on single species interactions. In addition, our current knowledge on the symbiosis of arthropods with ants is typically based on very specialized species. Here, we focus on relatively unspecialized myrmecophiles, which probably outnumber the group of specialized species. Our main model system was the myrmecophile microcosm in the nests of red wood ants (Formica rufa group). Our second model system was an association of co- inhabiting (= parabiosis) African ant species that also houses a community of myrmecophile species. In chapter 1, we reviewed the diverse group of myrmecophiles that can be found in association with red wood ants (RWAs). In total, 125 species were listed and the biology of the different arthropod groups were discussed. This chapter serves as an introduction to the later chapters. The main part of this thesis deals with biotic interactions in ant nests, but we examined first in chapter 2 the effect of abiotic interactions on myrmecophile communities. In accordance with metapopulation theory, myrmecophile species richness per unit volume was negatively correlated with increasing nest mound isolation. We did not find support that the abiotic variables mound moisture, pH, mound size and site size affect the myrmecophile community or its species richness. To understand the dynamics of a community in nature, it is essential to have an idea of its trophic interactions. In chapter 4, a surprising complex food web was found In the RWA microcosm, with most myrmecophiles parasitizing on ant brood and ant prey. In addition, multiple trophic predator-prey links among the myrmecophiles were encountered. The results of the stable isotope analyses complemented the findings of direct feeding tests and indicated the existence of multiple trophic levels. The presence of large numbers of parasitic myrmecophiles can impose large costs on RWAs. However, RWAs could indirectly benefit from the intraguild predation of brood parasitic myrmecophiles. In chapter 3, another mechanism that might counter the high parasitic pressure was shown. In general, large foragers in insect colonies specialize in nest defending against large, extranidal threats. However, we demonstrated that small nurses in RWA colonies are the most aggressive and most efficient defenders of brood against small, intranidal, parasitic myrmecophiles. This group of workers is best suited to defend the brood against these parasites due to their better matching size, high encounter rate in the nest and the high task switching costs that would occur if foragers had to carry out this task. The RWA myrmecophiles showed a different level of integration, with some species preferring the dense brood chambers, whereas others avoided the brood chambers and lived at the edge of the nest (chapter 5). This level of integration was not correlated with the aggression they provoked in their RWA host or their brood predation tendency. Up till now, it is believed that social insect symbionts mainly employ chemical deception by either mimicking the host’s cuticular chemical profile (mimicry or camouflage) or being chemical insignificant to sneak into social insect nests. However, in the community of RWA myrmecophiles tested in chapter 6, most species had distinct chemical profiles. Some of them carried low concentrations of compounds, but a significant part showed no disguise at all. These results shed new light on the evolution of integration mechanisms in social insect symbionts, and stresses that unspecialized species can integrate in social insect nests by using simple strategies such as hiding, swift movements or emitting defensive chemicals rather than using chemical deception. Many RWA myrmecophiles are persecuted, but in chapter 7 we reported that survival of three obligate myrmecophilous beetles over a period of 20 days was not different from a control set-up without ants. However, reduced survival was detected for a facultative myrmecophile in presence of RWAs. Survival analyses in the presence of 9 different ant species showed that the three beetles survived better in presence of larger-bodied ant species, and was highest in presence of its preferred host F. rufa, which also has relatively large workers. These results suggests, that in spite of their unspecialized nature, these beetles are optimally adapted to their preferred host and the importance of size asymmetries in host-symbiont interactions. Finally, the interactions in the parabiotic nests of the large Platythyrea conradti and tiny Strumigenys maynei ants were described in chapter 8. The chemical profile of the parabiotic partners was very different. The parabiotic association tended to be mutualistic as P. conradti benefits from the supreme defence capabilities of S. maynei against alien ants and intranidal myrmecophiles. The latter, in turn, benefits from the prey that thrive in the organic material carried to the nest by P. conradti.status: Publishe
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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