1,720,968 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Maternal mental health and memory (re)consolidation following a traumatic childbirth
No full textObjectives: The overall aim of this thesis was to contribute to the development of clinical interventions to prevent or reduce maternal symptoms of childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder (CB-PTSD). To do so, it relied on the literature on memory (re)consolidation, which corresponds to a set of processes potentially involved in the development and maintenance of CB-PTSD. The ambition of this thesis was to translate the research on memory (re)consolidation, mainly based on laboratory studies, into applied clinical proposals. Several avenues were explored: 1. Identifying factors that may modulate the consolidation of the traumatic birth memory (TBM) such as prenatal insomnia symptoms (Study 1), administration of nitrous oxide gas (N2O) or morphine during childbirth (Study 2), and CB-PTSD symptoms; and 2. Testing the effectiveness of brief visuospatial task-based interventions, which are assumed to interfere with the (re)consolidation of the TBM, in preventing (Study 3) or reducing (Study 4) CB-PTSD symptoms.
Methods: Studies 1 (n = 1,610) and 2 (n = 2,070) were based on a prospective population-based cohort study (secondary data analyses), following women from pregnancy to eight weeks postpartum. Variables were measured via self-report questionnaires and patients' medical records. CB-PTSD was assessed at eight weeks postpartum. Study 3 (n = 144) is an ongoing multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial (thus, results are not available yet). The intervention tested is delivered within six hours postpartum, and its effectiveness is primarily measured by a childbirth-related intrusive traumatic memories (ITMs) diary over the first week postpartum and an assessment of CB-PTSD symptoms at six weeks postpartum. Finally, Study 4 (n = 18) was a single-group pre-post study. The benefits of the intervention were measured with an ITMs diary over two weeks before and six weeks after the intervention, and CB-PTSD symptoms were measured with a self-report questionnaire, five days before and one month after the intervention.
Results: In Study 1, prenatal insomnia symptoms were associated with CB-PTSD symptom severity, and this relationship was fully mediated by a negative subjective birth experience, as well as by postnatal insomnia symptoms. In Study 2, N2O administration during childbirth predicted less severe CB-PTSD symptoms. This was marginally the case with morphine. However, both analgesics predicted more CB-PTSD symptoms when combined with very severe pain during childbirth. Finally, participants in Study 4 reported a large reduction in their number of ITMs, and it persisted for up to six weeks post-intervention. Their CB-PTSD symptoms were also greatly reduced.
Clinical implications: The results of this thesis suggest a number of avenues for preventing or reducing CB-PTSD symptoms through brief, simple, cost-effective, and innovative interventions. These could potentially be implemented throughout the perinatal period and notably pave the way for pharmacological (Study 2) or psychological (Studies 1 and 3) strategies for CB-PTSD prevention, for which there is currently no evidence-based intervention
Single-session visuospatial task procedure to prevent childbirth-related posttraumatic stress disorder: a multicentre double-blind randomised controlled trial
No full textPreventive evidence-based interventions for childbirth-related posttraumatic stress disorder (CB-PTSD) are lacking. Yet, 18.5% of women develop CB-PTSD symptoms following an unplanned caesarean section (UCS). This two-arm, multicentre, double-blind superiority trial tested the efficacy of an early single-session intervention including a visuospatial task on the prevention of maternal CB-PTSD symptoms. The intervention was delivered by trained maternity clinicians. Shortly after UCS, women were included if they gave birth to a live baby, provided consent, and perceived their childbirth as traumatic. Participants were randomly assigned to the intervention or attention-placebo group (allocation ratio 1:1). Assessments were done at birth, six weeks, and six months postpartum. Group differences in maternal CB-PTSD symptoms at six weeks (primary outcomes) and six months postpartum (secondary outcomes) were assessed with the self-report PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) and by blinded research assessors with the Clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5). Analysis was by intention-to-treat. The trial was prospectively registered (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03576586). Of the 2068 women assessed for eligibility, 166 were eligible and 146 were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 74) or attention-placebo control group (n = 72). For the PCL-5, at six weeks, a marginally significant intervention effect was found on the total PCL-5 PTSD symptom count (β = −0.43, S.E. = 0.23, z = −1.88, p < 0.06), and on the intrusions (β = −0.73, S.E. = 0.38, z = −1.94, p < 0.0525) and arousal (β = −0.55, S.E. = 0.29, z = −1.92, p < 0.0552) clusters. At six months, a significant intervention effect on the total PCL-5 PTSD symptom count (β = −0.65, S.E. = 0.32, z = −2.04, p = 0.041, 95%CI[−1.27, −0.03]), on alterations in cognition and mood (β = −0.85, S.E. = 0.27, z = −3.15, p = 0.0016) and arousal (β = −0.56, S.E. = 0.26, z = −2.19, p < 0.0289, 95%CI[−1.07, −0.06]) clusters appeared. No group differences on the CAPS-5 emerged. Results provide evidence that this brief, single-session intervention carried out by trained clinicians can prevent the development of CB-PTSD symptoms up to six months postpartum
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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