1,720,972 research outputs found
Extracting travel patterns from floating car data to identify electric mobility needs: A case study in a metropolitan area
Full text linkThe main objective of this paper is to identify the potential of electric vehicles in current car mobility scenarios. Firstly, distances traveled daily are analyzed to understand if the car usage observed can be satisfied by the expected range of electric vehicles. Secondly, idle times between trips are studied to assess vehicle needs and identify the requirements for electric charging stations to support the trip-chains observed. The datasets were derived from floating car data recorded for 365 days and include more than 30 million trips crossing the Metropolitan City of Turin (Italy). Approximately 70,000 km were observed daily for more than 10,000 vehicles for 400 different vehicle models to identify their activities over 24 hours. This daily activity in the observation period can be considered a reference scenario, in synergy with the battery range, to plan charging points in road networks. Results show that 98% of daily VKT (vehicle kilometers traveled) are lower than 300 km, over a year of observation. Cars are also classified according to their market segment to identify specific vehicle usage, defining a data dictionary to relate the models and segments. For instance, daily VKT values estimated for segment A (city cars) average 34 km, whereas for segment E (executive cars) the average is 75 km. The spatial analysis of idle times reveals a higher number of shorter breaks in the city center compared to peripheral districts, suggesting that recharging solutions should be adapted to zones according to how they are used for parking
Monitoring truck's operations at freight intermodal terminals: traffic observation by scanning on-board devices
Full text linkMonitoring operations at freight intermodal terminals are useful for estimating their performance, while collecting traffic data allows them to properly manage and control truck flows. Nevertheless, the key role of observation can be in contrast with users' privacy. A valuable solution to obtain traffic information preserving players' anonymity may be provided by scanning radio signals emitted by commonly used on-board devices, which can be locally identified by their unique media access control address. In this solution, no personal, freight or vehicle information is collected. An uncommon application of bluetooth scanners for monitoring operation of truck flows inside terminals is presented, based on a simple methodology for data processing. The algorithm starts from the data collection and the selection of information at relevant points of the terminal, then the network observation is composed by matching the data recorded in connected points. Finally, key performance indicators are estimated, starting from vehicle trajectories, node by node, and their travel time. The method is applied with on-field tests in a large-size rail-road terminal, where the detected counting results are lower than the ground truth, being not all the users equipped with bluetooth devices; however, the pioneering application results replicable in other contexts related to logistics
Requirements analysis of a bike sharing system based on ITS applications
No full textIn this paper a methodology to analyze Bike Sharing system efficiency is proposed focusing on the service availability at bike stations. The fundamental requirements and the main features of the system are outlined. In order to describe the state of the system, a synthetic indicator has been defined and its value derives from the solution of an optimization problem that minimizes the total amount of the distance travelled by bike transferring vehicles among stations. The proposed method is applied to a test case created by selecting a set of stations of the system operating in Barcelon
Integrazione dei servizi di mobilità offerti nella città co-modale: regolazione e supervisione dei flussi e dell’uso dei motori
No full textQuesto capitolo pone le basi sulle esigenze della mobilità urbana degli ultimi anni, incluso l’effetto COVID, per declinare le caratteristiche di un sistema urbano co-modale: in tale interpretazione, l’auto può mantenere il ruolo di collante della mobilità motorizzata ma occorre che sia assai meglio integrata con alternative modali a minore impatto, inteso sia come impiego di suolo pubblico, sia in termini di consumi energetici specifici (kWh/p·km), sia ancora d’impatto sull’ambiente (CO2/veicolo·km) nonché sulla sinistrosità; questo può avvenire grazie anche all’azione centralizzata d’un sistema di regolazione del traffico al passo con i tempi ed alla migrazione graduale verso veicoli stradali con emissioni locali basse o nulle, il cui ingresso in un perimetro urbano può essere tecnologicamente controllato mediante geofencing (mediante Galileo ed un DSRC). Di fatto si persegue una carbon neutrality, come livello di emissioni generate a livello locale, nel contesto urbano prescelto e virtualmente delimitato, pur salvaguardano la libertà di spostamento e di scelta modale in capo al singolo utente della viabilità urbana
The use of dynamic lane reservation for autonomous shuttles in urban traffic
No full textAutonomous Vehicles (AVs) are vehicles capable of navigating and operating without the need for a human driver. The use of AVs can contribute to the modernization of the road network by providing a safer, easier, and more sustainable transportation system. This paper aims to investigate the problems related to the introduction of automated shuttles in the urban traffic network using a micro-simulator. This paper focuses on the control application of the dynamic lane reservation in an urban area to mitigate the possible negative impacts on traffic. This technology allows automated shuttles to travel using reserved lanes activated only for a specific period, helping to reduce traffic congestion and improve their ability to navigate safely. This paper's findings can increase the reliability and widespread use of shuttle services based on autonomous vehicles
Analisi dei requisiti e delle criticità di un sistema di Bike-Sharing per una mobilità sostenibile
No full textFreight delivery services in urban areas: Monitoring accessibility from vehicle traces and road network modelling
Full text linkLocal Authorities plays a fundamental role in the management of city mobility and in accounting for the needs of different stakeholders involved in the urban freight transport. The aim of this study is to develop a method that could support the evaluation of the city accessibility for freight distribution services. As Local Authorities can use floating vehicle data (FVD), which are a current trend in mobility management, gaining new knowledge from data could be crucial to help the various stakeholders to better address their needs. Accessibility in urban areas is investigated through travel time estimations along the most frequently used routes connecting relevant nodes of the city and their average speed using a simplified road network model. After the description of the principal elements of the method, a test case is also presented for the urban area of Turin, Italy, to demonstrate the applicability of the procedures on a real scenario and dataset. The results confirm, also through the use of skim matrices, the value of FVD in assessing the accessibility of different zones interested in delivery operations, which may change over time, providing monitoring functions to urban logistics operators and Local Authorities in managing urban freight flows
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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