186,193 research outputs found
Mechanics of facial growth in young patients
No full textAim The aim of this work is to focus on the impact of occlusion on facial development.Methods Literature was searched using Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library. The key words and mesh used were bone remodelling, facial growth, masticatory muscles, children. Only articles written in English were included in the study.Results Mechanical forces shape biological tissues. They are the effectors of the developmental programmes that orchestrate morphogenesis. Much effort has been devoted to understanding morphogenetic processes in mechanical terms and in literature there is ample evidence of that. Normal development of the mandible as well as some portions of the upper jaw and face are related to good function of the masticatory apparatus. When the neuromuscular system is in harmony, the mandibular muscles collectively exert their effect on both position and movement of the jaw and the loading of forces on the TM joints is optimal and balanced; when the integrity and interaction of bony and soft-tissue structures is disturbed (i.e. by trauma or TMJ disorders or dysfunction) this may result in facial and occlusal disharmonies.Conclusion Disturbances in the harmonious interplay of the masticatory muscles may result in facial alteration and asymmetries. If not treated, the dysplastic pattern of growth continues and worsens with time
Age, gender and degree of inclusion are predictors of timing for spontaneous repositioning of intruded primary teeth in pre-school children
No full textAim To investigate the timing for spontaneous repositioning of primary teeth with intrusive luxation in relation to degree of inclusion, gender and age of injured children. Methods This retrospective study analysed records of 1 to 6-year-old children referred to the Section of Paediatric Dentistry, C.I.R. Dental School, University of Turin (Italy) between January 2009 and December 2020 for traumatic intrusion of primary teeth. Time to the total re-eruption was calculated, and related factors were explored using Cox and Kaplan-Meier analyses. Results Data from 151 intruded teeth in 104 children (56 boys and 48 girls, median age 2.3 years) were reviewed. One hundred twenty (77.9%) teeth were totally and 31 (22.1%) were partially intruded. Trauma involved most the maxillary central incisors and it was more common at home. All teeth re-erupted spontaneously in a few months. Time to total re-eruption varied from 2 weeks to 11 months with a mean time of 4.3 months. All partially intruded teeth completely re-erupted within the first 5 months, with no significant impact of gender and age. In contrast, male gender and age at trauma were statistically associated to the time of re-eruption of totally included teeth (p <0.001). In children younger than 2 years eruption occurred within a maximum of 5 months after trauma, while in those older than 2 years it usually required 5 to 11 months. Conclusion Timing for spontaneous re-eruption seems to be associated to age, particularly as far as total intrusion of primary teeth is concerned. This observation could be related to the degree of bone mineralisation, which is modified during growth
Influence of Cleft Lip and Palate on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Northern Italy: Exploring Both the Children’s and Caregivers’ Perspectives
No full textThe aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine whether parents/caregivers’ perceptions of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) differ from that of their cleft children, exploring the impact of demographic variables and cleft type on their agreement. Fifty-three primary and secondary schoolchildren, with non-syndromic orofacial cleft, and their parents answered the Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP) questionnaire. Concordance between caregivers’ and children’s reports was low to moderate. Parents/caregivers had worse perceptions of OHRQoL compared to that of their children, peer interaction and functional well-being domains being statistically significantly different (p = 0.033 and p = 0.005, respectively). Cleft type, gender and parents’ country of origin seemed to be potential contributing factors of disagreement. Parents overestimated the impact of unilateral (p = 0.047) and bilateral cleft lip and palate (p = 0.021) on OHRQoL, and they rated more poorly than their male children did. Italian parents were more concerned about the functional well-being of their children (p = 0.014), and foreign parents about peer interaction (p = 0.010) and school environment (p = 0.012) dimensions. These findings suggest that parental assessment of OHRQoL cannot replace that of school-aged children, but they are complementary as they cover different, but equally relevant perspectives
Impairment of salivary function in juvenile idiopathic oligoarticular arthritis is a sign of early onset disease
No full textAim Recent evidences of the presence of reduced stimulated salivary flow rate and altered saliva composition in oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (o-JIA) suggest a specific damage to the salivary glands. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate whether reduced salivary flow rate could be related to age and gender at disease onset in o-JIA. Methods A total of 57 Caucasian patients (41 females and 16 males) aged 5 to 16 years affected by o-JIA were consecutively enrolled in the study. Information on medication intake, dietary and oral hygiene habits were gathered through a standardised questionnaire. All patients underwent oral and sialometry examination. Results Alteration in the stimulated salivary flow rate (SFR) was detected in 29 children; 18 and 11 of them displayed SFR < 3.5 ml and SFR between 3.5 and 5 ml, respectively, while 28 showed a normal SFR. Early disease onset (p <0.001) and female gender (p = 0.044) were associated with very low SFR pattern. The rate of reduction in SFR decreased as age increased. For children less than 7 years old, the odds of suffering of very low SFR was 25-fold higher as compared to older JIA children (OR 24.94, 95% IC: 5.03, 123.77; p <0.001). Conclusion Early onset disease would seem to be associated with salivary glands impairment. Regular dental and salivary gland function assessments may be highly recommended in o-JIA patients considering that saliva collection is a non-invasive and inexpensive procedure
Early orthodontic treatment need in paediatric age: a prospective observational study in Italian school-children
No full textCLEFT LIP-PALATE CHILDREN AND PARENTS PERCEPTIONS OF ORAL HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE
No full textOral Health-Related Quality of Life in Italian Children and Adolescents Living with Bone Dysplasia: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textBone dysplasia (BD) refers to a group of rare disorders characterized by skeletal and dental anomalies which may negatively influence oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the impact of BD on OHRQoL in Italian children and adolescents and to assess whether gender and age influence their OHRQoL. A total of 40 patients with BD and 40 age- and gender-matched controls (aged 8-14 years) were asked to complete the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), Child Oral Health Impact Profile (COHIP), and the short form of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (SF-CPQ). Children with BD showed statistically significant lower overall scores of all the questionnaires than the controls (all p < 0.001), with the largest differences being detected in overall symptoms, functional well-being, and social well-being domains. While no statistically significant gender-related differences were observed, adolescents aged 11-14 years experienced worse perception in the emotional and social well-being SSF-CPQ domains (p = 0.042 and p = 0.045, respectively) and in the peer interaction COHIP domain (p = 0.011) compared to the younger age group. Based on these findings, children suffering from BD experience poorer OHRQoL than their healthy peers, suggesting that oral and dental issues may be of special importance for the socio-psychological well-being of these growing individuals
A Systematic Review of Oral Modifications Caused by the Prolonged Application of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) and Intraoral Appliances in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)
No full textObjective. Prolonged use of oral devices as a substitute for traditional treatments has been studied in relation to the dental and skeletal changes associated with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA), which is a sleep-breathing disorder. Materials and Methods. A review of articles indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Sciences, and CINHAL databases in September 2022 based on MeSH-based keywords with "dental and skeletal"and "oral appliance"and "obstructive sleep apnea"was examined to ensure that the keywords alone or cross-linked, depending on which base of the searched data, were used. 16 articles out of 289 articles were included in the research, and 273 articles were excluded due to lack of study. Conclusions. CPAP treatment has limited dental or skeletal effects in short-term or long-term use. OAs and MADs show significant dental changes with prolonged use. MAS and TSD are more effective in short-term goals than CPAP. OAs' increase may cause dental and skeletal changes. MPD shows notable cephalometric alterations
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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