2,466 research outputs found
Comparative evaluation of efficacy of EndoVac irrigation system to Max-I probe in removing smear layer in apical 1 mm and 3 mm of root canal: An in vitro scanning electron microscope study
No full textBackground: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of EndoVac irrigation system and side-vented closed ended needle (Max-I probe) in removing smear layer from root canals at 1 mm and 3 mm from working length using ProTaper rotary instrumentation.
Materials and Methods: A total of 50 freshly extracted maxillary central incisors were randomly divided into two groups after complete cleaning and shaping with ProTaper rotary files. In one group, final irrigation was performed with EndoVac system while in other group, final irrigation was done with a 30 gauge Max-I probe. 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% ethylenediaminetetracetic acid were used as final irrigants in all teeth. During instrumentation, 1 ml of 3% NaOCl was used for irrigation after each rotary instrument in the similar manner as in final irrigation. After instrumentation and irrigation, teeth were sectioned longitudinally into buccal and palatal halves and viewed under scanning electron microscope for evaluation of smear layer. Statistical analysis was performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-test. (P < 0.05)
Results: At 3 mm level, there was no significant difference between two groups. At 1 mm level, EndoVac group showed significantly better smear layer removal compared with Max-I probe (P = 0.0001).
Conclusion: EndoVac system results in better smear layer removal at 1 mm from working length when compared to Max-I probe irrigation
A Scanning electron microscopic evaluation of intracanal smear layer removal by two different final irrigation activation systems
No full textAim: The aim of this study was to compare smear layer removal at apical 1 mm level after final irrigation activation with an EndoVac system and Max-I probe. Materials and Methods: Fifty freshly extracted maxillary central incisors were randomly divided into two groups after completing cleaning and shaping with ProTaper rotary files. In one group, final irrigation was performed with an EndoVac system while in the other group final irrigation was performed with a 30 gauge Max-I probe. 3% sodium hypochlorite and 17% ethylenediaminetetracetic acid were used as final irrigants in all teeth. After instrumentation and irrigation, the teeth were sectioned longitudinally into buccal and palatal halves and viewed under a scanning electron microscope for evaluation of the smear layer. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Results: The EndoVac group showed significantly better smear layer removal compared with the Max-I probe at the apical 1 mm level. Conclusion: An apical negative pressure system (EndoVac) results in better debridement at apical 1 mm when compared with side-vented closed ended needle irrigation (Max-I probe)
Evaluation of the effect of duration of application of Smear Clear in removing intracanal smear layer: SEM study
No full textAim: To evaluate the effect of duration of application of 17% ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and SmearClear on the removal of intracanal smear layer by SEM. Materials and Methods: Seventy-two extracted maxillary incisors were root canal instrumented and randomly distributed into three groups of 24 teeth each according to different final irrigation regimens, Group A-17% EDTA + 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), Group B-SmearClear + 1% NaOCl, Group C (Control group)-Distilled water + 1% NaOCl. Further each group was subdivided into 3 subgroups according to the duration of application of the irrigating solutions for 1, 3 and 5 minutes. Following de-coronation and splitting of roots, one-half of each root was examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM) at 1000Χ magnification for smear layer at 6 mm and 2 mm levels. Data were subjected to statistical analysis using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test (P < 0.05) Results: At 6 mm level, the mean smear scores were similar with both 17% EDTA solution and Smear Clear, however, at 2 mm level, they were significantly lower with Smear Clear (P < 0.05). The smear scores decreased as the duration of application of either 17% EDTA or Smear Clear increased from 1 to 5 minutes. Conclusion: Final irrigation with either 17% EDTA solution or Smear Clear followed by 1% NaOCl was effective in removing the smear layer for all three durations of applications. But, in the apical third, Smear Clear was more effective when compared with 17% EDTA solution
Defective interaction between Pol2p and Dpb2p, subunits of DNA polymerase epsilon, contributes to a mutator phenotype in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Get PDFMost of the prokaryotic and eukaryotic replicative polymerases are multi-subunit complexes. There are several examples indicating that noncatalytic subunits of DNA polymerases may function as fidelity factors during replication process. In this work, we have further investigated the role of Dpb2p, a noncatalytic subunit of DNA polymerase epsilon holoenzyme from Saccharomyces cerevisiae in controlling the level of spontaneous mutagenesis. The data presented indicate that impaired interaction between catalytic Pol2p subunit and Dpb2p is responsible for the observed mutator phenotype in S. cerevisiae strains carrying different mutated alleles of the DPB2 gene. We observed a significant correlation between the decreased level of interaction between different mutated forms of Dpb2p towards a wild-type form of Pol2p and the strength of mutator phenotype that they confer. We propose that structural integrity of the Pol epsilon holoenzyme is essential for genetic stability in S. cerevisiae cells
Coastal erosion problems at Nusa Dua Beach, Bali
No full textIn the period from 22 October up till 16 November 1985 a visit was paid to Indonesia by the author ir. G. van Bochove. The main objective of the visit of the Dutch coastal engineering expert to Bali, was to advice on the best suitable solution for the erosion problems at Nusa Dua Beach, Bali. As well short term solutions as permanent solutions had to be taken into consideration. The mission has resulted in an advice concerning the best solution for the beach erosion problems at Nusa Dua beach. Scope of work 1. Study all previous reports on coastal erosion problems and coastal behaviour in Bali 2. Carry out site observations 3. Establish the reasons for the occurring erosion and the main acting processes in the coastal zone 4. Give a judgement on the different suggested alternative solutions for the existing erosion problems 5. Carry out studies and develop ideas and advice in close cooperation with the departments involved, in order to make the visit more fruitful and the advices better understood. General conclusions: a) The dominant influence for the beaches at southern Bali is the ocean swell coming from the South. b) The main sources of sediment for the beaches of southern Bali are the shells transported by the swell towards the coasts and the material coming from the eroding cliffs of Bukit peninsula. c) The main reason for the erosion of the Nusa Dusa beach north of Nusa Kecil is the blocking of the north going littoral drift, by the peninsula of Nusa Kecil. Near lot N5 and N6 the tidal and wave induced ripcurrent becomes a very important feature that can not be neglected. d) All structures build on the beach have decreased the attractivity of the beach, however they have not solved the eros ion problem. e) The solution for the erosion problem of Nusa Dua as accepted during a meeting of the 15th of October 1985 will not solve the erosion problem either. f) When different solutions are Tourdevco Svasek and ADC gives compared, the suggested plan by without any doubt most "value for money" g) In case this plan can not be carried out within a couple of years a sandsuppletion could be considered as a temporary measure. h) Design and project preparation should be cooperation between Tourdevco Svasek and order to increase the knowledge with BPMA
Interest Rate Modeling and Forecasting in India
Get PDFThe study develops univariate (ARIMA and ARCH/GARCH) and multivariate models (VAR, VECM and Bayesian VAR) to forecast short- and long-term rates, viz., call money rate, 15-91 days Treasury Bill rates and interest rates on Government securities with (residual) maturities of one year, five years and ten years. Multivariate models consider factors such as liquidity, Bank Rate, repo rate, yield spread, inflation, credit, foreign interest rates and forward premium. The study finds that multivariate models generally outperform univariate ones over longer forecast horizons. Overall, the study concludes that the forecasting performance of Bayesian VAR models is satisfactory for most interest rates and their superiority in performance is marked at longer forecast horizons.
Sistem Informasi Akomodasi Pariwisata Nusa Dua Berbasis Android
Get PDFThere are lots of Nusa Dua tourism accommodation and it is interesting to be visited by domestic and foreign tourists. The author considers the need for a special portal to provide information about geography Nusa Dua tourism accommodation, in addition to this, it can also increase the interest of foreign tourists to travel with complete information without worrying. An android-based Nusa Dua tourism accommodation information system was created to provide broad information about the availability of the accommodation places in Nusa Dua. This geography information system was built using the waterfall method starting with the needs analysis, system design, coding, and testing stages. The information system built can run and function well in accordance with the needs of tourists, where the system can support tourism activities. The system is able to provide information in the form of writing, pictures and payments to increase the interest of foreign tourists visiting, especially in Nusa Dua
A STUDY ON ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-AGING PROPERTIES OF FEW MEDICINAL PLANTS
Get PDFObjective: The present study was undertaken to appraise the antioxidant and antiaging properties of some important medicinal plants like Syzygium cumini L. (Jamun, the Indian Blackberry), Tinospora cordifolia L. (Giloy) and Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (Methi).Methods: The methanolic extracts of these plants were prepared, incubated with Pheochromocytoma (PC-12) cells and total antioxidant potential of these plants was determined by 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay. Lipid peroxidation assay was also performed to compare the free radical generating potential of these plants. Lipofuscin estimation was done in methanolic extracts of these plants to check which extract can reduce the lipofuscin accumulation in cells which is an anti-aging parameter.Results: The highest inhibition of DPPH radical and ferric reducing ability (FRAP assay) was observed in methanolic extract of Syzygium cumini leaves followed by Trigonella foenum-graecum leaves and lowest inhibition was shown by Tinospora cordifolia leaf extracts. Lipid peroxidation assay done by determining the amount of Malondialdehyde(MDA) formed and highest levels of MDA was produced by Tinospora cordifolia leaf extracts followed by Trigonella foenum-graecum leaf extracts and lowest values were obtained were from Syzygium cumini leaf extracts. The anti-aging parameter which is a determination of lipofuscin pigments in PC-12 cells treated with methanolic extracts of different plants was also examined. Highest accumulation of lipofuscin pigment was observed in cells treated with Tinospora cordifolia leaf extracts followed by Trigonella foenum-graecum leaf extracts and lowest values were obtained were from Syzygium cumini leaf extracts.Conclusion: The results of these findings revealed that the plants which have highest antioxidant potential could be a potent source of anti-aging drugs.Â
Mixed integer polynomial programming
Get PDFThe mixed integer polynomial programming problem is reformulated as a multi-parametric programming problem by relaxing integer variables as continuous variables and then treating them as parameters. The optimality conditions for the resulting parametric programming problem are given by a set of simultaneous parametric polynomial equations which are solved analytically to give the parametric optimal solution as a function of the relaxed integer variables. Evaluation of the parametric optimal solution for integer variables fixed at their integer values followed by screening of the evaluated solutions gives the optimal solutions
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