1,721,120 research outputs found
Filtered Audio Clips from Approximate FIR Filters Designed Using the SABER Algorithm
No full textThe results of using accurate and approximate finite impulse response (FIR) filters on noisy song clips are summarized here.
The names of the clips are listed along with its description.
For each song (e.g., Country), there are four versions:
a. Country_1NOISY - Noisy version of the song downloaded from the GTZAN Genre Collection (marsyas.info/downloads/datasets.html - use of audio clips permitted by collection creator and falls under fair use).
b. Country_2EXACTfilter - Filtered version using exact hardware of the FIR filter
c. Country_3APPROXifilterBudget100K - Filtered version using approximate hardware of the FIR filter with error variance 100,000.
d. Country_4APPROXifilterBudget200K - Filtered version using approximate hardware of the FIR filter with error variance 200,000.
e. Country_5APPROXifilterBudget400K - Filtered version using approximate hardware of the FIR filter with error variance 400,000.
The original songs were processed with low pass filter and 6 seconds of each data was selected for our analysis from each of the eight genres specified.
Colored noise (high frequency) was added to the 6 seconds data to generate the noisy signal. This signal was then passed through four different versions of an order-33 FIR filter to obtained the filtered versions. Each version of the filter corresponds to the exact, and approximate configurations with three different error variance budgets, and designed using the Selection of Approximate Bits for the Design of Error Tolerant Circuits (SABER) algorithm.
While the filtered signal still has some noise, it is within acceptable auditory range of human ears as compared to the noisy signal. Our paper shows how using the approximate version of the FIR filter can lead to power savings compared to the exact version, with minimal compromise on the user experience in terms of the quality of the output.We developed an algorithm, Selection of Approximate Bits for the Design of Error Tolerant Circuits (SABER), to generate an approximate circuit with the aim of maximizing the number of approximate bits in a circuit (which translates to power/area minimization) so that it uses minimal resources under a specified error budget. Our work demonstrates results on fixed-point integer arithmetic operations. The key ingredient of any methodology based on approximate design is an accurate quantification of the error injected into a computation by the approximation scheme. We use the variance of this error as the error metric to be constrained within a user-specified budget. We use an analytical expression of this error variance as a function of the total approximation in a circuit.The Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship, University of MinnesotaAwards CCF-1162267, CCF-1525925, and CCF-1525749, National Science FoundationSengupta, Deepashree; Snigdha, Farhana, S; Hu, Jiang; Sapatnekar, Sachin S. (2017). Filtered Audio Clips from Approximate FIR Filters Designed Using the SABER Algorithm. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://doi.org/10.13020/D6BP4X
Imaging studies of glycan mediated breast cancer epithelial cell-endothelial cell interactions
Full text linkRelatively little is known about metastasis, the spread of cancer from the site of its origin to different organs in the body. Aberrant glycosylation of cell surface glycoproteins in cancer cells has been implicated in promoting cancer metastasis and consequent poor survival of cancer patients. In particular,
aberrant glycans terminating in α-N-acetylgalctosamine (GalNAc), specifically recognized by the lectin Helix pomatia agglutinin (derived from the albumin gland of the Roman snail, Helix pomatia), have been described as a hallmark of aggressive cancers of the breast and several other sites. The research described in this thesis aims to study the role of HPA binding glycans in one of the most important, but poorly understood steps of the metastatic cascade namely cancer cell-endothelial cell adhesion and transendothelial migration, using a rocking adhesion assay system in a model of breast cancer metastasis.
Three breast cancer epithelial cell lines - MCF 7 and ZR 75 1, derived from breast cancer metastases cells, and BT 747, derived from primary breast cancer were studied during adhesion to, and migration across, monolayers of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) . Initially, a confocal microscope compatible rocking adhesion assay system was developed and optimized in house. The rocking adhesion assay system was then used to study the role of HPA binding glycans in the adhesion of cancer cells to the endothelial cells. Results from the rocking adhesion assays showed a significant inhibition in the adhesion of MCF 7 and ZR 75 1 cells thereby providing evidence that HPA binding glycans may play a functional role in the adhesion of breast cancer cell to endothelial cells.
Behavior of the cancer cells post adhesion was studied using 24 hour time series experiments with a smartslide system and confocal microscopy. Further high resolution imaging was also carried out using scanning electron microscopy. The results have provided evidence that the behavior of cancer cells during adhesion and transendothelial migration during metastasis is similar to that described for leucocytes during the inflammatory response. Like leucocytes, after adhesion, cancer cells were imaged moving along the endothelial cell layer. The imaging further showed the retraction of endothelial cells and the cancer cells settling and dividing in the gap produced by endothelial retraction. In addition to this, transcellular migration was also imaged using scanning electron microscopy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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