1,720,956 research outputs found
Comparison of the effect of epidural levobupivacaine 0.5% 20 ml and ropivacaine 0.75%, 20 ml in lower limb surgeries
Get PDFIntroduction: Epidural blockade is becoming one of the most useful and versatile procedures in modern anesthesiology. It is unique in that it can be placed at virtually any level of the spine, allowing more flexibility in its application to clinical practice. It is more versatile than spinal anesthesia, giving the clinician the opportunity to provide anesthesia and analgesia, as well as enabling chronic pain management. It provides better postoperative pain control and more rapid recovery from surgery. Materials and methods: After obtaining informed written consent from patients, the study was conducted on 70 patients of either sex, between 18 and 65 years of age and belonging to the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Grade I and II physical status. Patients with the history of uncontrolled labile hypertension, heart block, dysrhythmia, on cardiac medication (adrenergic receptor antagonist, calcium channel blocker, or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor), addiction to narcotic, patient posted for lower segment cesarean section and with any contraindication to epidural anesthesia were not included in the study. Results: The objective of this study was to compare levobupivacaine 0.5% and ropivacaine 0.75% in epidural anesthesia in lower limb surgeries, with respect to onset and duration of motor blockade and sensory blockade, maximum dermatomal level of analgesia and time taken to achieve that. Group wise distribution of demographic data, like age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and sex were tabulated. On perusal of the same, we observe no significant deviation in any of these data among different groups of the cases. P value range was 0.067-0.982. Conclusion: It can be concluded that onset of sensory and motor block for levobupivacaine is delayed as compared with ropivacaine. Ropivacaine has shorter duration of motor block when compared with levobupivacaine. Thus, ropivacaine and levobupivacaine both can be used as an alternative to bupivacaine
A prospective comparative study of effect of addition of dexmedetomidine 0.5 mcg/ml with 0.2% ropivacaine and 0.2% ropivacaine alone in epidural labour analgesia
Get PDFIntroduction: The pain of childbirth is the most painful experience for many women and maternal request is a sufficient indication for providing her pain relief during labour. The McGill pain questionnaire ranks labour pain scale between cancer pain and amputation of a digit.1 Labour pain is associated with maternal physiological responses, which are not necessarily beneficial to the foetal well-being. Materials and Methods: This prospective, comparative study was going to be conducted at Department of anesthesia, Bidar Institute of Medical Sciences, Bidar during the period of November 2021 to April 2022. The sample size obtained was 38 for each group which was rounded up to 60 for each group. So final sample size estimated was 120. Reference article for sample size calculation is made based on the study conducted by Zhao Y et al. Total of 120 parturients of age group 20-35 yrs., Heights in cm: >150 cms, full term singleton vertex presentation, previous normal vaginal delivery, consented for the study, Primigravida and multigravida of physical status ASA grade I&II, foetus having normal heart rate pattern before induction of Epidural, Cervical dilatation of 3-5 cms were included in group and divided in 2 group using computer generated randomization technique. Results: The highest sensory level in both groups was observed at T6 (p=0.190). Total drug requirement in both groups was calculated. All the subjects 60 (100%) in both the groups required first and second dose of bolus. While third bolus was required only for 50 (83.3%) subjects of RD groups compared to 60 (100%) of RS group. Fourth bolus was required only for 34 (56.7%) subjects of RD groups compared to 50 (83.3%) of RS group. Fifth bolus was required only for 2 (3.3%) subjects of RD groups compared to 12 (20.0%) of RS group. There was statistically significant difference between the two groups for third (p=0.020), fourth (p=0.024) and fifth bolus (p=0.044). The total drug requirement for RS group (32.27+- 4.91) was significantly higher than the RD group (27.46 +or- 6.53), p value of 0.021. Conclusion: Epidural labour analgesia is considered to be a gold standard for pain management during labour, when ropivacaine along with dexmedetomidine is used. Many studies have been conducted to prove the use of dexmedetomidine in obstetric anesthesia in optimal doses. This wonder drug provides excellent maternal satisfaction and good progress of labour with minimal side effects to mother and foetus
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
A prospective comparative study of effect of intravenous etomidate and propofol during induction of anesthesia for electroconvulsive therapy
Get PDFIntroduction: The use of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) for the treatment of psychiatric disorders dates back to 1937. Since then, its indication has become more diversified and includes the vast majority of major depressive disorders, bipolar mood disorders, and even post-partum psychosis. Electroconvulsive therapy is considered to be one of the important treatment modalities available. It has the advantage of producing a more rapid response compared to conventional treatment, an important consideration in the management of patients with suicidal tendencies. Materials and methods: This prospective, comparative study was carried out at a private psychiatric set up in Bidar from January 2020 to December 2020. Written informed consent from 120 patients of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I and II, aged 18-60 years, scheduled for ECT therapy, included in this study. Patients with a severe systemic disorder like IDDM, uncontrolled hypertension, kidney or liver disease, severe respiratory disorder, seizure disorder, coronary artery disease or recent history of MI, patients with known hypersensitivity or allergy to drugs to be used, anticipated difficult airway, bodyweight >100 kg or obese and pregnant or breastfeeding females and in patients in whom seizures failed to occur during ECT were excluded from the study. Results: All the patients in both groups were comparable for a demographic profile which includes age, bodyweight which statistically showed no significant difference. Results of our study showed that the induction was rapid with propofol as compared to etomidate, which was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Induction time with propofol was 40.3 ± 3.65 seconds and that for etomidate was 48.63 ± 3.29 seconds (table-1). Conclusion: In our study, when used for acute courses of ECT, propofol and etomidate are equally well tolerated as induction agents. Patients who received propofol had longer acute courses of ECT and, consequently, longer and costlier inpatient stays. Etomidate could be a better alternative induction agent in ECT
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