1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Design of Arbitrage-Free Data Pricing Schemes
Full text linkMotivated by a growing market that involves buying and selling data over the web, we study pricing schemes that assign value to queries issued over a database. Previous work studied pricing mechanisms that compute the price of a query by extending a data seller’s explicit prices on certain queries, or investigated the properties that a pricing function should exhibit without detailing a generic construction. In this work, we present a formal framework for pricing queries over data that allows the construction of general families of pricing functions, with the main goal of avoiding arbitrage. We consider two types of pricing schemes: instance-independent schemes, where the price depends only on the structure of the query, and answer-dependent schemes, where the price also depends on the query output. Our main result is a complete characterization of the structure of pricing functions in both settings, by relating it to properties of a function over a lattice. We use our characterization, together with information-theoretic methods, to construct a variety of arbitrage-free pricing functions. Finally, we discuss various tradeoffs in the design space and present techniques for efficient computation of the proposed pricing functions
The Fine-Grained Complexity of CFL Reachability
Full text linkMany problems in static program analysis can be modeled as the context-free
language (CFL) reachability problem on directed labeled graphs. The CFL
reachability problem can be generally solved in time , where is the
number of vertices in the graph, with some specific cases that can be solved
faster. In this work, we ask the following question: given a specific CFL, what
is the exact exponent in the monomial of the running time? In other words, for
which cases do we have linear, quadratic or cubic algorithms, and are there
problems with intermediate runtimes? This question is inspired by recent
efforts to classify classic problems in terms of their exact polynomial
complexity, known as {\em fine-grained complexity}. Although recent efforts
have shown some conditional lower bounds (mostly for the class of combinatorial
algorithms), a general picture of the fine-grained complexity landscape for CFL
reachability is missing.
Our main contribution is lower bound results that pinpoint the exact running
time of several classes of CFLs or specific CFLs under widely believed lower
bound conjectures (Boolean Matrix Multiplication and -Clique). We
particularly focus on the family of Dyck- languages (which are strings with
well-matched parentheses), a fundamental class of CFL reachability problems. We
present new lower bounds for the case of sparse input graphs where the number
of edges is the input parameter, a common setting in the database
literature. For this setting, we show a cubic lower bound for Andersen's
Pointer Analysis which significantly strengthens prior known results.Comment: Appeared in POPL 2023. Please note the erratum on the first pag
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Ranked Enumeration of Conjunctive Query Results
Full text linkWe study the problem of enumerating answers of Conjunctive Queries ranked according to a given ranking function. Our main contribution is a novel algorithm with small preprocessing time, logarithmic delay, and non-trivial space usage during execution. To allow for efficient enumeration, we exploit certain properties of ranking functions that frequently occur in practice. To this end, we introduce the notions of decomposable and compatible (w.r.t. a query decomposition) ranking functions, which allow for partial aggregation of tuple scores in order to efficiently enumerate the output. We complement the algorithmic results with lower bounds that justify why restrictions on the structure of ranking functions are necessary. Our results extend and improve upon a long line of work that has studied ranked enumeration from both a theoretical and practical perspective
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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