1,720,980 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
THESE Maha DEEB Influence des plantes, des vers de terre et de la matière organique sur la structure de Technosols construits
No full textConstructed Technosols are mixtures of technogenic materials used to create a new soil dedicated to growing plants. Constructed Technosols provide an opportunity to recycle and optimally use urban waste, and are an alternative to the use of agricultural soils for producing urban soils.This work is assessing in particular the influence of the OM levels and interactions with earthworms and plants on the physical properties of Constructed Technosols.The materials used to build our Technosols are compost and excavated deep horizons. In a first experiment, we tested the influence of OM rates on hydrostructural properties of Technosols, realizing 6 mixtures of increasing volume proportions of compost (0 to 50%). The shrinkage and retention curves show that the hydrostructural properties of Technosols are similar to those of natural soils. Increasing the amount of organic material is accompanied with a positive effect on micro and macro porosity, as well as on the water available for plants.Secondly, these mixtures were incubated in a growth chamber with or without earthworms (Aporrectodea caliginosa) and with or without plants (Lolium perenne). After 5 month of experiment, we measured hydrostructural properties, aggregation, and distribution of carbon in each fraction. The presence of plants and / or earthworms explains 19% of the variance of hydrostructural properties of the soil, and compost dose affects 14%. The interaction between organisms and compost further explains the variance (40%) than the effects of these individual factors. Compost and plants play a positive role in the available water by acting on both macroporosity and microporosity, while earthworms play a positive role only on the latter. Furthermore, the proportion of aggregates >3 mm is more important in the treatments control and earthworms, while the proportion of aggregates 3 mm est plus importante dans les traitements sans organisme (témoin) et avec des vers de terre, tandis que la proportion d’agrégats < 3 mm est plus importante en présence de plantes, indépendamment de la présence de vers de terre. Les organismes ont un effet plus fort sur la stabilité structurale (77 %) que le compost (4 %). Tous ont un effet positif sur la quantité de Corg dans les différentes fractions d’agrégats. Enfin, la minéralisation du Corg augmente en présence de vers ou de compost, mais diminue en présence de plantes. Nos résultats démontrent l’intérêt de valoriser des matériaux urbains tels que les horizons profonds excavés et le compost de déchets verts pour construire des Technosols. Une synthèse des résultats nous permet de conseiller une teneur volumique en compost comprise entre 20 et 30 % pour obtenir des propriétés structurales intéressantes, sans trop alourdir le coût induit par le compost et maximiser les volumes d’horizons excavés ainsi utilisés. Constatant l’effet positif des vers de terre, des plantes et des interactions plantes-vers de terre sur la porosité, la stabilité structurale et le stockage de carbone, il semble opportun de favoriser la présence des organismes
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Influence of plants, earthworms and organic matter on the constructed technosols structure
No full textPour répondre à la demande sociétale et aux contraintes environnementales, la création de Technosols à partir de déchets organiques et minéraux est une alternative à l'importation de sols agricoles fertiles au profit des espaces urbanisés. Si le rôle de la matière organique (MO) et des organismes est reconnu sur la fertilité des sols naturels, il reste peu connu en ce qui concerne les Technosols. Ce travail de thèse s'intéresse en particulier à l'influence du taux de MO et des interactions avec les vers de terre et les plantes sur les propriétés physiques et hydriques des Technosols construits. Les matériaux utilisés pour construire nos Technosols sont le compost de déchets verts et des remblais d'horizons profonds excavés. Dans une première expérience, nous avons testé l'influence du taux de MO sur les propriétés hydrostructurales des Technosols, en réalisant 6 mélanges contenant des proportions volumiques croissantes de compost (de 0 à 50%). Les courbes de retrait et de rétention montrent que les propriétés hydrostructurales des Technosols sont similaires à celles de sols naturels et proches de celles de sols argileux, alors que nos Technosols n'en contiennent qu'une très faible quantité (2%). L'augmentation de la quantité de matière organique s'accompagne d'effets positifs sur la micro et la macro porosité, ainsi que sur l'eau disponible pour les plantes.Dans un deuxième temps, ces différents mélanges ont été incubés en chambre de culture avec ou sans vers de terre (Aporrectodea caliginosa) et avec ou sans plantes (Lolium perenne). Après 5 mois d'expérience, nous avons mesurés les propriétés hydrostructurales, l'agrégation, et la distribution du carbone dans chaque fraction. La présence de plantes et/ou vers explique 19% de la variance des propriétés hydrostructurales du sol, et la dose de compost influe à 14%. L‘interaction entre organismes et compost explique davantage la variance (40%) que les effets de ces facteurs isolés. Le compost et les plantes jouent un rôle positif sur l'eau disponible en agissant à la fois sur la macroporosité et sur la microporosité, alors que les vers jouent un rôle positif uniquement sur cette dernière. Par ailleurs, la proportion d'agrégats >3mm est plus importante dans les traitements sans organisme (témoin) et avec des vers de terre, tandis que la proportion d'agrégats 3 mm is more important in the treatments control and earthworms, while the proportion of aggregates <3mm is greater in the presence of plants, regardless of the presence of earthworms. Organisms have a stronger effect on the structural stability (77%) than compost (4%). All have a positive effect on the amount of Corg in the different fractions of aggregates. Finally, mineralization of Corg increases in the presence of worms or compost, but decreases in the presence of plants. Our results demonstrate the interest of enhancing urban materials such as excavated deep horizons and compost to build Technosols. A summary of the results allows us to recommend a volume content of compost between 20 and 30% for a good structure, without increasing much the cost induced by compost. Noting the positive effect of earthworms, plants and earthworms/plants interactions on porosity, structural stability and carbon storage, it seems appropriate to favor the presence of organism
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