491 research outputs found
Dynamics Of Epicyclic Gear Trains
No full textEpicyclic gear trains are important part of automotive transmissions. They are present in automatic transmissions and in differentials of most vehicles. The dynamic behavior of a single epicyclic gear is well known, and this study presents the results obtained based in a model of a complete transmission. Initially the Wilson gearbox is presented. The main principles of the model are described. Following, the results of a simulation using the model are shown. Finally, the influence of the inertias in the model are presented and it is done some discussion about it Copyright © 2002 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.Kahraman, A., Planetary gear dynamics (1994) Journal of Mechanical Design, 116, pp. 713-720Amaral, D., (2000), Metodologia, sistematização e seleção de projetos de transmissão epicloidais com um e dois TEPs ligados, Campinas, PhD ThesisMorais, R.F., Dedini, F.G., Dynamics of transmissioks using epicyclic gear trains (2001) SAE Paper 2001-01-3903, , São PauloMorais, R.F., Dedini, F.G., A study of the dynamic behaviour of transmissions sets using epicyclic gear trains (2002) Proc. of IFToMM 6th Int. Conf. on Rotor Dynamics, , Sydney, Australia, to be publishedDoughty, S., (1988) Mechanics of Machines, , John Wiley & Son
Dynamics Of An Articulated Towboat
No full textIt is considerable the number of research around the subject of motorization of conventional manual wheechairs, however the found models don't take care of the real necessities of the wheelchair users. In the manufacture the necessity of an independent vehicle for the load transport exists. With the increasing necessity in Brazil to develop the knowledge in the area of independent vehicles and not being still available a towboat of tests adjusted to approach such problems. The articulated towboat is an intelligent independent vehicle to tow loads. The users of conventional manual wheelchairs will go to use this vehicle when to need motorization, that is in ascent cases, descending of ramps, or long distances. This vehicle possesss practical applications that they can assist systems of support to the rehabilitation of physical and motor deficiencies and also systems automatized of manufacture. The purpose of this paper is to develop some important contribution in the area of independent vehicles in the aid for the people with special needs. Copyright © 2004 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.Alvarenga, F.B., Dedini, F.G., Analysis of the possibilities of the Conventional Wheelchairs Motorization (2001) Proceedings of COBEM 2001- XVI Brazilian Congress on Mechanical Engineering, , Uberlândia -MG, Brasil, Nov. 26-30Alvarenga, F.B., (2002) Desenvolvimento de Sistemas de Motorização Alternativa Para Cadeiras de Rodas Convencionais, p. 192. , Máster Thesis Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Unicamp, Campinas,SP, BrazilHaubenwallner, G., (1988) Drive Motor, Which is Supplied by an Energy Source, for Disk-Shaped or Wheel-Shaped Members with a Control Mechanism, , US 4,773,495, September 27Dudley, F.E.A., (1975) Motorized Wheel, , US 3,908,776, September 30Brudermann, (1984) Chassis for Invalid Wheelchairs, , US 4,436,320, March 13Jones, G.C., (1990) Kit for Converting a Hand-Powered Wheelchair to an Electric Motor-Power Wheelchair, , US 4,961,473, October 9Iii, G., (1992) Wheelchair Drive Assembly, , US 5,161,630, November 10Alvarenga, F.B., Dedini, F.G., Development of systems of alternative motorization for conventional wheelchairs SAE Technical Paper Series, 2003-01-3563-E, pp. 1-10. , Danvers, MA(1985) Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas, NBR 9050, , Adequação das edificações e do mobiliário urbano à pessoa deficiente. Rio de JaneiroJarosz, E., Determination of the workspace of wheelchair users (1996) International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 17 (2), pp. 123-133. , DOI 10.1016/0169-8141(95)00044-5Fisette, P., Ferriere, L., Raucent, B., Vaneghem, B., Multibody approach for modelling universal wheels of mobile robots (2000) Mechanism and Machine Theory, 35 (3), pp. 329-351. , DOI 10.1016/S0094-114X(99)00017-8Campion, G., Bastin, G., D'Andrea-Novel, B., Structural properties and classification of kinematic and dynamic models of wheeled mobile robots (1996) IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation, 12 (1), pp. 47-62. , PII S1042296X96004976Sasi, S., High mobility platform (2002) Technical Report of Department of Mechanical Engineering, , Adoo
Experimental Non-linear Model Updating Applied In Cylindrical Journal Bearings
No full textThe present paper proposes the use of non linear model updating applying unrestricted optimization method, in order to obtain a methodology, which allows the calibration of mathematical models in rotating systems. An experimental set up for this purpose consists of a symmetric rotor, on a rigid foundation supported by two hidrodynamic cylindrical bearings and with a central disk of considerable mass, working as na unbalancing excitation force. Once the numeric and experimental values are obtained, error vectors are defined, which are the minimization parameters, through the variation of the numeric model parameters. The method presented satisfactory results, as it was able to calibrate the mathematical model, and then to obtain reliable responses for the physical system studied. The research also presents a contribution for the rotating machine desing area as it presents a relatively simple methodology on the updating and revalidation of computacional models for machines and structures.6 B20852092Capone, G., Orbital motions of rigid symmetric rotor supported on journal bearings (1986) La Meccanica Italiana, pp. 37-46Capone, G., Descrizione analitica del campo di forze fluidodinamico nei cuscinetti cilindrici lubrificati (1991) L'Energia Elettrica, pp. 105-110Cavalca, K.L., Dedini, F.G., Picolli, H.C., Weber, H.I., The relevance of the fluid dynamic force field influence on the behaviour of a vertical rotor with a tiling-pad journal bearing (1994) Machine Vibration, 3, pp. 55-61Cavalca, K.L., Dedini, F.G., Experimental analysis of a tilting pad journal bearing influence in a vertical rotating system (1998) Proceedings of IFToMM 98, 7-10 September, Darmstadt, Germany, pp. 571-582Childs, D., (1993) Turbomachinery Rotordynamics - Phenomena, Modeling and Analysis, p. 476. , John Wiley & Sons, New YorkFriswell, M.I., Mottershead, J.E., (1996) Finite Element Model Updating in Structural Dynamics, p. 282. , Kluwer Academic Publishers, NetherlandsGéradin, M., Rixen, D., (1996) Mechanical Vibration: Theory and Application to Structural Dynamics., 2nd Edition, , John Wiley & Sons, New YorkLalanne, M., Ferraris, G., (1990) Rotordynamics - Prediction in Engineering, p. 198. , John Wiley & Sons, New YorkVance, J.M., (1988) Rotordynamics of Turbomachinery, p. 388. , John Wiley & Sons, New Yor
Modeling And Cinematic Analysis Of Half-toroidal Transmission: Influence Of The Project Parameters In Performance
No full textThis study aims to evaluate the impact that changes in the parameters of the project to a continuously variable transmission has on its ability to transmit torque and power. A half-toroidal transmission is cinematically analyzed and key geometric parameters and their relationships are studied and characterized. A change in the parameters of the transmission geometry allows a verification of their influence on the entire system live-time for any type of cycle, as defined in the theory of life provided the causes of failure, fatigue and subsurface. Additionally is possible to evaluate the capability of transmitting torque through the theory of Elasto-Hydrodynamic (EHD) contact relationship and the range of possible transmission ratio to be achieved. In this paper, a geometric model of a traction based Half-toroidal CVT (see figure 1) were explored by adding new geometric parameters related to the system control mechanism (the roller tilting angle). The first influence of those new parameters were detected by finding the a function that relates the ideal transmission ratio with them. Copyright © 2008 SAE International.Hewko, L.O., Automotive Traction Drive Cvts-An Overview (1986) SAE Paper 861355Zhang, Y., Zhang, X., Tobler, W., A Systematic Model for the Analysis of Contact, Side slip and traction of Toroidal Drives (2000) Journal of Mechanical Design, 122. , ASMEFuchs, R., Hasuda, Y., James, I., Dynamic Performance Analysis of a Full Toroidal IVT, A theoretical Approach (2004) CVT2004 Congress, 04CVT-30Attia, N.A., Predicting the Life Contact for Half Toroidal Continuously Variable Transmission (2005) Information Technology Journal, 4, pp. 222-227Forti, A.W., Dedini, F.G., Development and Design of Traction Drive Continuously Variable Transmission for low power and torque systems (2002) IFToMM-Sixth International Conference on Rotor Dynamicshttp://www.nsk.com/company/press/pre0000-8j1.htmlaccessedin2ofJulyof2008, NSKGrou
Influences Of A Servo-assistided Motorization Controled With Fuzzy Logic Over The Wheelchair Dynamic Behavior
No full textThe aim of this article is to study the dynamic behavior of a system composed by a child and a wheelchair during the propulsion with a servo-assisted motorization controlled with a logic fuzzy algorithm. The model correspond a vehicle with propulsion on the rear wheels, steering is on the front wheels. The wheels were modeled as rigid and a double bicycle model was used. The fuzzy controller will act over the system applying additional forces during the wheelchair propulsion looking for increase the user mobility and will be tested and evaluated bearing on mind the increasing of the system performance. Copyright © 2005 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.Lombardi, Juni.B., (2002) Desenvolvimento e Modelagem de Uma Cadeira de Rodas Servo-Assistida Para Crianças, , Dissertação de Mestrado - Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica - Unicamp - Campinas - S. 200p. Agosto deArva, J., Fitzgerald, S.G., Coope, R.A., Corfman, T.A., Spaeth, D., Boninger, M.L., Physiologic Comparison of Yamaha JWII Power Assisted and Tradicional Manual Wheelchair Propulsion Proceedings Resna 2000, pp. 378-380Butler, C., Where is of rehabilitatoin placed in the world-wide trend towards evidence based helsth care? (2000) Asia Pacific Disability Rehabilitation Journal, 11 (1). , v 10pCooper, R., Boninger, M.L., (1999) Walking on Hands, , PN/Paraplegia News MarchCorfman, T., Cooper, R., Fitzgerald, S., Arva, J., Excursion an Stroke Frequency Diferences between Manual Wheelchair Propulsion and Pushrim Actived Power Assisted Wheelchair Propulsion Proceedings of Resna 2000Di Marco, A., Russell, M., Masters, M., Standards for wheelchair prescription (2003) Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 50, pp. 30-39. , vStein, R.B., Roetenberg, D., Chong, S.L., James, K.B., A wheelchair modified for leg propulsion using voluntary activity or electrical stimulation (2003) Medical Engineering & Physics, 25, pp. 11-19. , vDurán, F.S., Lugo, L., Ramírez, L., Eusse, E., Effects of an Exercise Program on the Rehabilitation of Patients with Spinal Cord Injury (2001) Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 82. , v, OctoberLombardi Jr., A.D.B., Dedini, F.G., Influences of a servo-assisted motorization over the dynamic behavior of wheelchair Proceedings of XI Diname 2005 - International Symposium of Dynamic Problems and Mechanism, , Ouro PretoHuston, J.C., Tree Wheeled Vehicle Dynamics (1982) SAE Transaction, Vol. 91 Paper Nro. 820139, pp. 591-604De Vries, T.J.A., Van Heteren, C., Huttenhuis, L., Modeling and Control of a Fast Moving, Highly Maneuverable Wheelchair (1999) Proceedings of the International Biomechatronics Workshop, pp. 110-115. , 19-21 AprilDallmeijer, A.J., Anaerobic power output and propulsion technique in spinal cord injured during wheelchair ergometry (1994) Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 1 (2), pp. 120-128. , nKulig, K., Newsam, C.J., Mulroy, S.J., Rao, S., Gronley, J.K., Bontrager, E.L., Perry, J., The effect of level of spinal cord injury on shoulder joint kinetics during manual wheelchair propulsion (2001) Clinical Biomechanical, 16, pp. 744-751May, L.A., Butt, C., Minor, L., Kolbinson, K., Tulloch, K., Measurement Reliability of Functional Tasks for Persons Who Self-Propel a Manual Wheelchair (2003) Arch Phys Med Rehabil, 84. , AprilLombardi Jr., A.D.B., Dedini, F.G., Modelagem Matemática Para Estudo Do Comportamento Dinâmico de Uma Cadeira de Rodas Manual Submetida A Deformidades Do Ciclo de Propulsão" 4o Congresso Temático de Dinâmica, , Controle e Aplicações Dincon 2005 de 6-10 de junho de 2005 - Bauru - (S.)Goosey-Tolfrey, V.L., Fowler, N.E., Campbell, I.G., Iwnicki, S.D., A kinetic analysis of trained wheelchair racers during two speeds of propulsion (2001) Medical Engineering & Physics, 23, pp. 259-266(1994), ABNT - Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas. NBR 9050 - Acessibilidade de Pessoas Portadoras de Deficiência a Edificações, Espaço, Mobiliário e Equipamentos Urbanos, 56
Modeling A Hands-free Controlled Power Wheelchair
No full textThis paper will present a study of the dynamics of the contact between the tire of a wheelchair and the ground. The model of the contact between road and tire has been implemented using a mathematical concept in a 2D multibody program, creating a laboratory. With this laboratory, it is possible to see the behavior of the wheelchair with different input sources. In this work the input is taken care of by a program called HaWCoS which allows the user to control a wheelchair without the need to use the hands. The results make it possible to develop new products for people with special needs and to develop better control systems by taking the dynamic behavior of wheelchairs into consideration. © 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.5105 LNCS12611268Scherer, M.J., Cushman, L., Measuring subjective quality of life following spinal cord injury: A validation study of assistive technology device predisposition assessment (2001) Disabil. Rehabil, 23, pp. 387-393Cabrera, J., Ortiz, A., Carabias, E., Simon, A., An alternative method to determine the magic tyre model parameters using genetic algorithms (2004) Vehicle System Dynamics, 41, pp. 109-127Silva, L.C.A., Dedini, F.G., Uma revisão da modelagem sobre contato roda-piso (2006) Congresso Nacional de Engenharia MecânicaSilva, L.C.A., Alvarenga, F.B., Dedini, F.G., (2005) Modeling of the powered module for motorizing manual wheelchairs, , Society of Automotive EngineersPacejka, H.B., Bakker, E., The magic formula tyre model (1992) Vehicle System Dynamics, 21, pp. 1-18Genta, G., (1997) Motor Vehicle Dynamics: Modeling and Simulation, , 1st edn. World Scientific, SingaporeSilva, L.C.A., Dedini, F.G., Forces acting between road and wheel of the wheelchair (2007) 19th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering, , CobemKnowledge Revolution: Working Model 2D - User's ManualFelzer, T., Freisleben, B., HaWCoS: The "Hands-free" Wheelchair Control System (2002) ASSETS 2002 - Proceedings of the Fifth International ACM SIGCAPH Conference on Assistive Technologies, pp. 127-134. , ACM Press, New YorkFelzer, T., Nordmann, R., Alternative wheelchair control (2007) RAT 2007 - Proceedings of the International IEEE-BAIS Symposium on Research on Assistive Technologies, pp. 67-74. , IEEE Computer Society Press, Los AlamitosAlvarenga, F.B., Proposta de uma Abordagem Metodológica e Sistematização das Fases Iniciais de Projeto para o Desenvolvimento de Produtos Inclusivos (2006) Tese (Doutorado), Universidade Estadual de Campinas - SP, , BrasilAlvarenga, F.B., (2002) Desenvolvimento de Sistemas de Motorização Alternativa para Cadeiras de Rodas Convencionais, , Dissertação Mestrado, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP, Brasi
Development Of Systems Of Alternative Motorization For Conventional Wheelchairs
No full textIn this work the main objective is the development of systems for motorization of conventional wheelchairs, and the great mass of wheelchairs now available in Brazil of the simplest type than they don't allow the pure and simple conversion for motorization. In this aspect the problem comes as a challenge because the great variety of models and types of wheelchairs and the lack of a rigorous normalization impose the use of technologies of search of solutions and the application of methodology knowledge and systematic of project. In this way, firstly a study will be accomplished on the object wheelchair, containing: historical, origin, types and characteristics. The following step will be the search of the possibilities of motorizing conventional wheelchairs, limitations and applications. Eventually, after the definition of a basic type to serve as model, the systematic of project will be applied for development of a product and the execution of a prototype in scale or functional for evaluation of possibilities. In the development of the product a methodology will be used and systematic of project. The objective of this work is study the possibilities to motorize a conventional wheelchair. This article analyses the possibilities of motorization. Copyright © 2003 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.Cooper, R.A., Wheelchairs and related technology for the millennium (2000) Journal of Rehabilitation Research and Development, 37 (3)Weelman, P., Design of a wheelchair with legs for people with motor disabilities (1995) IEEE Trans. Rehabilitation Engineering, 3 (4)Becker, M., (2000) Suspension System for An All-terrain Wheelchair, pp. 462-464. , ResnaBecker, M., (2000), p. 136. , Aplicação de Tecnologias Assistivas e Técnicas de Controle em Cadeiras de Rodas Inteligentes". Campinas: Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Tese (Doutorado)Abledata Fact Sheet (1994) Manual Wheelchair, (23). , www.abledata.com/text2/manwhch.htm, July, ""Alvarenga, F.B., Dedini, F.G., Analysis of the possibilities of the Conventional Wheelchairs Motorization (2001) Proceedings of COBEM 2001- XVI Brazilian Congress on Mechanical Engineering, , Uberlândia-MG, Brasil, Nov. 26-30Abledata Fact Sheet (1994) Powerd Wheelchair, (24). , www.abledata.com/text2/powwch.htm, July, ""Alvarenga, F.B., (2002), p. 192. , Desenvolvimento de Sistemas de Motorização Alternativa para Cadeiras de Rodas Convencionais", Dissertação de Mestrado, Unicamp, BrazilKirby, R.L., Wheelchair stability: Important, measurable and modifiable (1996) Technology and Disability, 5 (1), pp. 75-80Zwicky, F., Creative Morphology, , ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/canmor/"Akao, Y., (1996) Qualitv Function Deployment: Integrating, Customer's Requirements into Product Design, , Cambridge: Massachusetts, Productivity PressCheng, L.C., (1995), QFD: planejamento da qualidade. Belo Horizonte: Fundação Christiano OttoniOhfuji, T., Ono, M., Akao, Y., (1997), Métodos de desdobramento da qualidade. Belo Horizonte: Fundação Christiano OttoniMiguel, P.C., Cheng, L.C., QFD in Brazil: Present status and future perspectives (2001) 7th International Symposium on Quality Function Deployment, pp. 147-152. , TóquioDedini, F.G., (2000), p. 128. , Metodologia e sistemática de projeto.Campinas: Universidade Estadual de Campinas, ApostilaCsillag, J.M., (1996), Análise do valor: metodologia do valor. São Paulo: Atla
Revision About Accelerated Testing And Application In A Software For The Data Graphics Analysis
No full textThis work presents a revision on different types of tests that are compatible with the nature of the data. They can be used to evaluate or to determine the reliability of equipment's and components in the different design stages of the design. The classification of the tests takes into account the type of censoring in the tests or the criteria to interrupt them. A classification of accelerated tests used in the industry is presented, along with the objectives and considerations of the most used models. Last of all, a software is presented for the processing of the accelerated tests data with constant stress and simple failure mode, for right censored data and with multiple censored data. The Weibull, Log-Normal and Normal distributions, combined with the most used models (Arrhenius and Inverse Power Law), are used. The software allows the processing of the accelerated tests' data by two methods: Minimum Square and Maximum Likelihood. The first offers the initial values to apply the method of Maximum Likelihood, and to assure the convergence of the Newton-Raphson method. The software offers graphs of residual, probabilities vs. time, stress vs. percentiles where it is possible to make an evaluation of the model of the distribution and of the variation or not of the failure mechanism. Statistical tests are used for the validation of the tests, allowing the possibility of using different confidence levels to accomplish the calculations.262/(1981) Rio de Janeiro. NBR-5462. Confiabilidade - Terminologia, , Rio de Janeiro, 17 p(1986) Rio de Janeiro. NBR-9320. Confiabilidade de Equipamentos, Recomendações Gerais - Procedimento, , Rio de Janeiro, 34 pBai, D.S., Optimum simple ramp- tests for the weibull distribution and type- I censoring. Stress (1992) IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 41 (3), pp. 407-413. , SeptCondra, L.W., (1993) Reliability Improvement with Design of Experiments, , Marcel DekkerHamada, M., Using statistically designed experiments to improve reliability and to achieve robust reliability (1995) IEEE Transactions on Reliability, 44 (2), pp. 206-215. , JuneHirose, H., Estimation of threshold stress in accelerated life- testing stress (1993) IEEE Transactions On Reliability, 42 (4), pp. 650-657. , DecKhamis, H.I., Higgins, J.J., Optimum 3-step step-stress tests (1996) IEEE Transactions On Reliability, 45 (2), pp. 341-345. , JuneLeemis, M.L., Beneke, M., Burn-in models and methods: A review (1990) IIE Transactions, 22 (2), pp. 172-180. , JuneLin, Z., Fei, H.A., Nonparametric approach to progressive stress accelerated life testing (1991) IEEE Transactions On Reliability, 40 (2), pp. 173-176. , JuneMeeker, Q.W., Escobar, L.A., A review of recent research and current issues in accelerated testing (1993) Int' 1 Statistical Review, 61, pp. 147-168Meeker, Q.W., Hamada, M., Statistical tools for the rapid development & evaluation of high- reliability products (1995) IEEE Transactions On Reliability, 44 (2), pp. 187-195. , JuneMeeker, Q.W., Hahn, G.J., How to plan and accelerated life test (1985) The ASCQ Basic References In Quality Control, Statistical Techniques, p. 10Nácer, C.A., Dedini, F.G., Uma revisão sobre ensaios acelerados e sua aplicação num programa para a análise gráfica dos dados (1998) V CEM-NNE 98, Congresso de Engenharia Mecânica Norte Nordeste, 1, pp. 33-40. , OutNácer, C.A., (1999) Accelerated Tests. Processing and Collecting of Data for Reliability Studies in Cases of Simple Failure Mechanism, , Campinas,: Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, State University of Campinas, 152 pp. Dissertation (MSc)Nelson, W., (1990) Accelerated Testing: Statistical Models, Data Analysis and Test Plans, , John Wiley & Sons, 230 pPallerosi, C.A., (1997) Confiabilidade: Metodologia de Ensaios e Normas, 2. , Campinas. Inédito. 279 pRamakumar, R., (1993) Engineering Reliability Fundamentals and Applications, , Prentice Hall International Editions. 482 pSotskov, B., (1972) Fundamentes de la Teoria y del Calculo de Fiabilidad, , Editorial Mir, Moscú. 261
Tepiciclo - A Software To Help The Planetary Gear Trains Design
No full textIn this paper a review about epicyclic gear trains (EGTs) or planetary gear trains (PGTs) is initially presented. These gear trains are transmission systems of high kinematic complexity and difficult visualization. However, their advantages are many: they are compact, light, allow high speed reductions, possess high reliability because they have constant engagement, possess bifurcating capacity and power addition, and allow multiple transmission ratio. One of their main applications is the automatic transmission or power trains of passenger cars and other modern vehicles e.g. trucks, buses, etc. Then, some classic automatic transmission boxes e.g. Simpson, GM Hydra Matic 440 PGT, Ravigneaux, etc. and the TEPiciclo software are shown. This software was created to help in design development for automatic transmission of light vehicles with two simple PGTs linked. It assists the designer in the selection of assembly, positioning and teeth number of gears providing the possible transmission ratio and the torque flow in the selected system. In 2000 the ZF Group started producing the "world's first" 6-speed automatic transmission (ZF 6PH26) for passenger cars. It uses a Ravigneaux and a simple PGT linked. The versatility of TEPiciclo software was shown when searching an alternative gear box able to produce gear ratios close to ZF 6HP26's ones. Copyright © 2003 SAE International.(1980), p. 440. , PIRES E ALBUQUERQUE, OAL, Elementos de Máquinas (In Portuguese), Editora Guanabara Dois S.A. Rio de Janeiro - RJ, BrazilHsieh, H.-I., (1997) Enumeration and Selection of Clutching Sequences Associate with Epicyclic-Type Transmission Mechanisms, p. 212. , Ph.D. ThesisMolian, S., Kinematics of Compound Differential Mechanisms (1970) The Instituition of Mechanica Engineers, Proceedings 185, pp. 733-739Lévai, Z., Contribution to the Systematics of Change-Speed-Gearbox of Planetary Type (1973) Acta Technica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 75 (14), pp. 291-299. , tomusDedini, F.G., (1985) Projeto e Otimização de Uma Transmissão Planetária Por Rolos de Tração (In Portuguese), p. 150. , M.Sc. Thesis, UNICAMPOzeki, T., Umeyama, M., Development of Toyota's Transaxle for Mini-Van Hybrid Vehicles (2002) Transmission and Driveline Systems Symposium 2002, SP-1655, SAE Paper 2002-01-0931, pp. 179-186Wakmatsu, H., Honda's 5 Speed All Clutch to Clutch Automatic Transmission (2002) Transmission and Driveline Systems Symposium 2002, SP-1655, SAE Paper 2002-01-0931, pp. 187-194Wagner, G., (2001) Transmission Options, pp. 64-70. , Automotive Engineering International. July, 2001Birch, S., (2001) BMW Re-engineers the 7-Series, pp. 70-73. , Automotive Engineering International. October, 2001(1996) Automotive Handbook, p. 892. , BOSCH, SAE Society Automotive Engineers, 4th EdSanger, D.J., Syntesis of Multiple-Speed Transmissions of the Planetary - Gear Type (1972) Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 14, pp. 93-101Holmes, R., (1977) The Characteristics of Mechanical Engineering Systems, p. 157. , Pergamon PressMogalapalli, S.N., (1992) Optimization of Gear Ratios for Epicyclic Gear Train Transmission, p. 85. , M.Sc. ThesisBenford, H.L., Leising, M.B., (1982) The Lever Analogy: A New Tool in Transmission Analysis, pp. 429-437. , Society of Automotive Engineering, IncHsu, C.H., Synthesis of Kinematic Structure of Planetary Gear Trains by Admissible Graph Method (1993) Journal of Franklin Institute, 330 (5), pp. 913-927. , n°. SeptemberShigley, J.E., Mischke, C.R., (1989) Mechanichal Engineering Design, p. 779. , 5th Edição, Ed. McGraw-Hill, IncAmaral, D., (2000), p. 180. , Metodologia, Sistematização e Projeto de Transmissões Epicicloidais com Um e Dois TEPs Ligados (In Portuguese). Ph.D. Thesis - FEM, Unicamp, Campinas - SP, BrazilAmaral, D., Becker, M., Dedini, F.G., TEPiciclo - Software para o estudo cinemático de trens epicicloidais (2001) SAE Paper 2001-01-3950-P, p. 12. , (In Portuguese), BrazilGillespie, T.D., (1992) Fundamental of Vehicle Dynamics, p. 495. , ISBN 1-56091-199-
Vehicular Dirigibility Study Applied To Human Powered Tricycles-hpt
No full textThis work is basically a dirigibility study applied to tricycles of human traction, HPT-Human Powered Tricycle. The behavior of the vehicle is simulated in a track with compacted floor, contend curves, straight line, up and down grades. A simplified mathematical model is used to model the system (vehicle + cyclist). As the system of equations obtained is extremely coupled and non-linear, it is necessary to use numeric procedures to solve the equations and to obtain the behavior of the system during its path in the racetrack. The influences of the track and the mass center position of the vehicle in its stability, the behavior of the vehicle using chainset transmissions and CVTs (Continuously Variable Transmission) are also analyzed. © 1998 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.Werninghaus, E., (1997) UNICAMP, , Dirigibilidade veicular-revisão bibliográfica e estudo de caso, (in Portuguese) Trabalho de Graduação, Campinas, SP, BrazilBeck, A.T., (1996) SAE Paper Number 962386 P, , Modelagem dinâmica de um veículo HPV alternativo, (in Portuguese)Forti, A.W., (1997) M.Sc. Thesis, , Projeto e otimização de uma transmissão continuamente variável (CVT) para bicicletas, (in Portuguese), UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, BrazilBecker, M.R.D.L., (1997) M.Sc. Thesis, , formas construtivas, dirigibilidade e controle, (in Portuguese), UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, BrazilBecker, M., Dedini, F.G., (1996) SAE Paper Number 962329 P, , Contribuição ao projeto de robôs móveis autônomos, (in Portuguese)Chang, C., Lee, T., Stability analysis of three and four wheel vehicles (1990) JSME International Journal, 33 (4), pp. 567-574. , serie IIIRaman, A., Overturning stability of three wheeled motorized vehicles Vehicle System Dynamics, 24, pp. 123-144. , 1995Huston, J.C., Three wheeled vehicle dynamics (1982) SAE Transactions, 91, pp. 591-604. , http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/820139, Paper Number 820139Soden, P.D., Adeyefa, B.A., Forces Applied to a Bicycle during Normal Cycling (1979) Journal of Biomechanics, 12, pp. 527-541Whitt, F.R., A note on the estimation of the energy expenditure of sporting cyclist (1971) Ergonomics, 14 (3), pp. 419-424Prampero, P.E., Equation of motion of a cyclist (1979) Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology, 47 (1), pp. 201-206. , p. JulyBurke, E.R., Science of cycling (1986) Human Kinetics Books, p. 156Pugh, L.G.C.E., The influence of wind resistance in running and walking and the mechanical efficiency of work against horizontal or vertical forces (1971) Journal of Physiology, 213, pp. 255-276'95 SHIMANO Bicycle System Components, , (in Portuguese) Manual do agenteChironis, N.P., (1965) Mechanisms, Linkages and Mechanical Controls, p. 356. , McGraw-Hill,
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