37 research outputs found
Role of tumor cell intrinsic factors in colorectal cancer progression and immune landscaping
No full textUniversity of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. May 2023. Major: Pharmacology. Advisor: Subbaya Subramanian. 1 computer file (PDF); viii, 111 pages.The poor response of most colorectal cancer (CRC) patients to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a major unmet clinical need. The impaired antigen presentation process and immune evasive mechanism underlie the unfavorable responses to ICIs. We demonstrated that low ACKR4 expression in tumors impairs dendritic cell migration and is associated with poor immune infiltration within the tumor microenvironment. Additionally, we identified CEP55 as an immune evasion gene in CRC that is upregulated in multiple cancer types and may contribute to tumorigenesis. Most importantly, these studies showed that low ACKR4 expression and overexpression of CEP55 in CRC cause insensitivity to ICIs. Our findings suggest that ACKR4 and CEP55 can be potential targets to sensitize CRC to ICIs.Wangmo, Dechen. (2023). Role of tumor cell intrinsic factors in colorectal cancer progression and immune landscaping. Retrieved from the University Digital Conservancy, https://hdl.handle.net/11299/276829
Cross-sectional imaging in cancers of the head and neck: how we review and report.
No full textCancer of the head and neck is the sixth most frequent cancer worldwide and associated with significant morbidity. The head and neck area is complex and divided into various anatomical and functional subunits. Imaging is performed by cross-sectional modalities like computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound and positron emission tomography-computed tomography, usually with fluorine-18-deoxy-D-glucose. Therefore, knowledge of the cross-sectional anatomy is very important. This article seeks to give an overview of the various cross-sectional imaging modalities used in the evaluation of head and neck cancers. It briefly describes the anatomy of the extracranial head and neck and the role of imaging as well as the imaging appearance of tumours and their extension to lymph nodes, bone and surrounding tissue. The advantages and disadvantages as well as basic requirements of the various modalities are described along with ways of optimizing imaging quality. A general guideline for prescription of the various modalities is given. Pitfalls are many and varied and can be due to anatomical variation, due to pathology which can be misinterpreted and technical due to peculiarities of the various imaging modalities. Knowledge of these pitfalls can help to avoid misinterpretation. The important points to be mentioned while reporting are also enumerated
Kingdom of Bhutan VIP visit at CERN / CMS
No full textHis Excellency Mr Yeshey Zimba Member of Parliament and His Excellency Daw Penjo Ambassador and Permanent Representative of the Kingdom of Bhutan visiting at CERN the LHC tunnel and the CMS experiment. Further guests were : Mrs Daw Zam, Mrs Thuji Zangmo, Mr. Rinchen Dorji, Mrs Dechen Wangmo, Ms Choni Ome Guided by R. Voss, Michael Hoch, Tiziano Campores
Comparison of diffusion-weighted MR Imaging an 18F Fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT in detection of resiual tumours and delineation of ist spread after (chem0) radiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with the gold standard of histopathology
No full textCancer of the oral cavity and oropharynx
No full textTumours in the oral cavity and oropharynx differ in presentation and prognosis and the detection of spread of tumour from one subsite to another is essential for the T-staging. This article reviews the anatomy and describes the pattern of spread of different cancers arising in the oral cavity and oropharynx; the imaging findings on computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are also described. Brief mention is made on the role of newer imaging modalities such as [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/computed tomography, perfusion studies and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging
Assessment of excessive vaginal discharge among women who presented to Phuentsholing General Hospital: A hospital‐based study
No full textINTRODUCTION: Excessive vaginal discharge is troublesome for females. The majority of the women seek gynecological consultation due to excessive vaginal discharge. The causes vary from physiological to pathological discharge. Unless the cause is identified and treated, women will remain in distress. The present study was thus carried out to determine the most common cause of the excessive vaginal discharge. METHODS: A cross‐sectional study was conducted at the Phuentsholing General Hospital, Chukha, Bhutan, from May 1 to October 31, 2021. All females aged 18 years and older, irrespective of marital status, who presented with excessive vaginal discharge were recruited for the study. With due informed consent, a sterile speculum examination was performed and a high vaginal swab was collected and subjected to various tests. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS 23 software. Descriptive statistical tests were used for frequencies, percentages, mean, and standard deviations; the χ (2) test was used to determine associations, and a logistic regression test was performed to determine the effect of independent variables on dependent variables. RESULTS: A total of 400 women were recruited for the study, of whom 362 (90.5%) women had infective causes for vaginal discharge. Trichomoniasis was the most common infection identified in 162 (40.5%) women, followed by bacterial vaginosis (91, 22.8%) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (52, 13.0%). In 38 (9.5%) women, infective cause was not found and categorized as physiological vaginal discharge. Malodorous, profuse discharge, vulval itching, dyspareunia, dysuria, and lower abdominal pain were significantly associated with infectious vaginal discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Excessive vaginal discharge was mainly caused by infections. The most commonly detected infection was trichomoniasis, followed by bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis. Every female with vaginal discharge requires proper evaluations to identify the infection and treat it adequately
PSB in Bhutan: Countering Foreign Invasion with Local Contents
No full textBhutan has been a latecomer to the world of public service broadcasting (PSB). As the global debate on whether there still is a place for PSB in the changing media landscape is continuing, Bhutan, on the contrary, is working towards strengthening its PSB. There are compelling reasons why Bhutan seeks to strengthen its PSB. As the isolated Himalayan
kingdom is bombarded with over 50 international satellite TV channels, PSB is an important source of news and information for the Bhutanese audience. It plays an ever more critical role in strengthening the country’s nascent democracy by providing the public a platform to voice
their concerns and debate and discuss various social, political, cultural and economic issues. Also, as the only local or national TV channel, it plays a crucial role in counterbalancing the flood of foreign programming beamed into the country and protect Bhutan’s unique Buddhist culture and nurture it for the 21st century
