1,720,990 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
A Welfarist Theory Unifying Monetary and Non-Monetary Poverty Measurement
No full textMultidimensional poverty measures are
increasingly used in practice even though they face strong
criticism and generate longlasting debates. These
contentions primarily find their origin in the divergence
between standard poverty identification practices and a
welfarist definition of the poor. This paper fills this gap
by constructing a poverty measurement theory that (i) adopts
a welfarist definition of the poor, (ii) acknowledges that
the relevant welfare function is only partially known and
(iii) encompasses both market and non-market dimensions of
well-being. The theory shows that standard identification
practices are not flexible enough in order to properly
account for the multidimensional nature of well-being. This
nature implies that an individual is poor when she
experiences an extremely low outcome in some dimension
or/and when she cumulates moderately low outcomes in several
dimensions. The paper proposes a simple refinement that
better reflects this insight. The paper uses the theory in
order to provide answers to several longlasting debates. The
theory provides a conceptual foundation from which
practitioners may derive guidance for the many choices they face
A Survey
Get PDFThis paper reviews the debate
opposing the absolute and relative approaches to monetary
poverty measurement. The arguments for combining both
approaches into a single “overall” monetary poverty measure
are introduced. The most salient proposals of hybrid poverty
lines are presented. Then, the reasons why specific poverty
indices may be required when a hybrid line is used are
discussed. The class of hierarchical poverty indices is
described, focusing in particular on the hierarchical
headcount ratio
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A new index combining the absolute and relative aspects of income poverty: Theory and application
Get PDFI derive a new index combining the absolute and relative aspects of income poverty. Earning a larger income decreases one’s absolute poverty but experiencing a larger income inequality increases one’s relative poverty. Provided that the individual poverty is not computed based on the normalized income, the two aspects can be weighed such that absolutely poor individuals are always considered poorer than relatively poor individuals. Only the value of poverty aversion associated with the Poverty Gap Ratio is consistent with this approach. An application illustrates that the new index yields intuitive judgments about unequal growth experiences, for which all absolute (resp. relative) poverty indices systematically conclude that poverty has decreased (resp. increased)
Income poverty measures with relative poverty lines
Get PDFI derive poverty indices taking into account both the absolute and relative aspects of income well-being. The trade-off made by the social planner between those two aspects is captured at individual level by a well-being ordering. This ordering evaluates the well-being of an agent based on her income and a reference statistic on the income distribution, typically the mean. A family of poverty indices respecting the judgements held in the ordering is axiomatically characterized. Then, I study the consequences of requiring the poverty indices to grant a minimal precedence to the absolute over the relative aspect of income well-being. This compelling requirement has strong implications. In particular, the Poverty Gap Ratio is the only index in the popular Foster-Greer-Thorbecke family to satisfy it
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