1,720,961 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
A new role for inflammatory peroxidases in breast cancer development and metastasis
Get PDFBreast cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in women worldwide. Although we have made significant improvements in the detection and treatment of localized breast cancer with women surviving longer than ever before, patients with metastatic disease have a far worse prognosis. Metastasis is the leading cause of death in breast cancer patients with a 5-year survival of less than 30% and is currently without a cure. Thus, improvements in the development of new treatments will have profound impact on outcomes for these patients. Recent insight into the interactions of stromal cells and cancer cells within the breast tumour microenvironment, such as immune cells, fibroblasts, extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and vasculature, have revealed that the stroma plays a critical role in regulating a favourable environment for breast cancer initiation, progression and metastasis. Therefore, aspects of stromal biology are the key focus for future studies to improve patient outcome, by identifying new targets for therapy development. The role of the innate immune infiltrates in regulating cancer progression has been receiving considerable attention over recent years. Clinical studies indicate the extent of neutrophil and eosinophil accumulation within the developing tumour microenvironment is strongly correlated with a poor patient prognosis and survival. Having infiltrated the tumour, these inflammatory cells deposit myeloperoxidase (MPO) and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) in abundance. These enzymes have mainly been studied in the context of providing oxidative defence against invading pathogenic microorganisms, and to-date the functional consequence of their heightened presence within the tumour microenvironment has long been unclear. The work in this thesis aims to provide a mechanistic link between inflammatory peroxidase enzymes MPO and EPO, influencing stromal cells within the tumour microenvironment leading to tumour development and metastasis. Using physiological relevant ranges of peroxidases this study revealed that peroxidases possess a well-conserved pro-fibrogenic capacity to stimulate the migration of fibroblastic cells and promote their ability to secrete collagenous proteins to generate a functional ECM using both in vitro and in vivo approaches. Structurally, the ECM generated upon peroxidase stimulation demonstrated highly linearized collagen fibers synonymous with tumour ECM that is highly conducive for cancer cell adhesion, and invasion. This suggests that peroxidase-mediated collagen biosynthesis by cancer-associated fibroblasts may play an important role in tumour progression. The stimulation of angiogenesis is considered to be one of the most important hallmarks of tumour progression. Data in this thesis demonstrates for the first time the proangiogenic capacity of both MPO and EPO to significantly enhance the in vitro proliferation, migration and capillary formation of human endothelial cells that are fundamental in the process of angiogenesis. The use of a murine model of angiogenesis confirmed the ability of these peroxidase enzymes to facilitate the generation of functional blood vessels in an in vivo model. These results suggest that MPO and EPO play a crucial role as drivers of angiogenesis, with the potential to support the vascularization of tumours and promote growth and metastasis. In addition, the pro-angiogenic and pro-fibrotic activity displayed by peroxidases was blocked using the peroxidase inhibitor 4-ABAH, indicating that the catalytic activity is essential for its activity. Using the orthotopic 4T1 mouse mammary carcinoma model, we demonstrated for the first time that delivery of MPO and EPO directly into developing tumours increased primary tumour burden and concomitant with enhanced lung metastases. Histological inspection confirmed that MPO and EPO stimulated an increase in endothelial cell recruitment, fibroblast activation and collagen deposition within these tumours. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate for the first time that the peroxidase enzymes MPO and EPO confer a broader range of action than previously thought and exhibit potent effects in the tumour milieu on matrix function, composition, angiogenesis, tumour invasion and metastasis. Importantly, these studies identify the use of peroxidase inhibitors that block the catalytic activity of the enzyme, as a potential novel therapeutic strategy for breast cancer prevention and therapy.Thesis (Ph.D.) (Research by Publication) -- University of Adelaide, Adelaide Medical School, 2016
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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