1,720,975 research outputs found
The 4th Ecosystem
No full textIl progetto tenta di superare alcune posizioni convenzionali del planning, spesso polarizzato tra forti imposizioni sulle specificità locali e un’idea di urban design inteso come questione formale. L’idea di paesaggio sembra un campo operativo più adeguato per lo sviluppo urbano contemporaneo, al fine di definire mutue relazioni tra l’organizzazione delle attività umane e le condizioni naturali.
Il sito di Les Plantaz offre delle condizioni eccezionali per sperimentare una nuova forma d’interazione tra natura e città. I tre ecosistemi di vegetazione spontanea esistenti offrono l'opportunità di rafforzare l’ambiente naturale e promuovere uno sviluppo urbano sostenibile, ferma restando la necessità di rafforzare la presenza di abitazioni, di aumentare la densità dell’area, e accrescere la socialità. Il progetto si concentra su un’idea di co-evoluzione, non soltanto coesistenza, tra i sistemi naturali e il tessuto urbano. Le dinamiche ecologiche innescate dai tre ecosistemi esistenti definiscono la base per l’urbanizzazione: la propagazione spontanea delle piante pioniere è assunta come uno strumento iniziale di “urbanizzazione” dell’intero sito. Il sistema naturale minuto che si espande al suolo è considerato struttura generale che produce vivibilità per l’intera area. Il progetto definisce un articolato pattern al suolo come uno spazio di elevata permeabilità per i flussi di persone. Su questo ampio suolo pubblico, dove gli elementi naturali crescono insieme al consolidarsi dei sistemi costruiti, alcune “isole” per attività collettive intersecano altre “isole” per la residenza e alcune piccole strutture per la cultura e il tempo libero.
Un nuovo approccio è sperimentato: si usano le condizioni specifiche del sito quali elementi chiave per immaginare paesaggi futuri –evitando figure di trasformazione consolidate, ma non radicali trasformazioni fisiche dei luoghi. Non sono studiate rivoluzioni, ma salti in avanti impostati sui piccoli semi che già stanno crescendo a Les Plantaz
Lab City
No full textIl progetto per il nuovo centro civico di Lillestrøm va inteso come un piccolo manifesto per l’incentivo dell’interazione sociale: la piazza diventa un laboratorio aperto ove si applicano allo spazio urbano dispositivi di monitoraggio ambientale provenienti – e di solito confinati – nei campus scientifici. Tali sistemi avanzati sono esposti – assieme ad elementi naturali liberi di crescere – come occasioni di gioco ed esperienza
Continuous Direct Air Capture, understanding mass transfer in reactive absorption of carbon dioxide: Experimenting and modelling a novel DAC absorption process
No full textIncrease in global energy demand has brought to a massive rise in greenhouse gases emissions. In particular, the continuously increasing atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide is a major concern among the scientific community. This paved the way for an intense research of CO2 emissions mitigating technologies. Those ones including carbon capture, storage and utilisation are seen as part of the solution for this global problem. In this framework, Zero Emission Fuels (ZEF), a startup company located in Delft (The Netherlands) set the ambitious goal of developing a micro process plant producing methanol from ambient air and sunlight only. Part of the process involves direct capture of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere (direct air capture) with the use of a pure tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) absorbent. ZEF sets itself aside from the rest of the industry developing an absorber which collects CO2 with no support structure by continuously flowing TEPA inside open channels. Previous research shows how this approach brings limitations connected to slowly diffusing CO2 molecules in the absorbent liquid film in proximity of the gas-liquid interface. In this framework, circulation of TEPA particles from the gas-liquid interface into the bulk of the flowing absorbent is seen as a viable solution to improve the process. This thesis focuses on investigating this hypothesis by inducing mixing on the liquid side. That is done by building two experimental setups investigating both passive and active mixing. Experimental results show that active mixing can be used to improve the rate of CO2 absorption, while passive mixing does not bring significant advantages. Results from the passive mixing experiments are further investigated by modelling the fluid dynamics of the process through a Direct Numerical Simulation of the particular Stokes’ flow in the engineered absorption channel. The process is characterised with the definition of a theoretical framework describing mass transfer in the liquid side. Following an analogy with ice formation on top of a frozen lake, this theory, also known as the ”Ice-Sheet” theory, shines some light on the way this diffusion limitations are happening at a molecular level. In particular, a highly viscous, heavily loaded layer of sorbent on the gas-liquid interface is believed to be the cause for observed CO2 diffusion limitations. This theory is backed-up by defining its mathematical equivalent in the form of a mass transfer model. Comparing the results of the model with experimental results, a very good agreement is observed. That is believed to add credibility to the proposed theory. Moreover, that is also found to be in line with the latest knowledge available in literature about CO2 absorption in TEPA films. Finally, the experimental results and the developed models are used to engineer a new iteration of ZEF’s absorber on a cost reduction basis
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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