1,720,990 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Enhanced dynamic range distance measurement sensor with low noise
No full textZusammen mit dem technologischen Fortschritt wächst auch der Bedarf Tiefeninformationen einer Szenerie aufzeichnen zu können, um diese zusätzliche Information für eine Vielzahl von Anwendungen nutzen zu können. Es wurden viele unterschiedliche Verfahren entwickelt um diese Aufgabe zu erfüllen. Doch bis jetzt kann keines dieser Verfahren zuverlässig die Distanz bestimmen. Die entscheidenden Herausforderungen sind dabei eine hohe Tiefenauflösung und eine hohe laterale Auflösung zu erreichen und sicherzustellen, dass der Sensor unempfindlich gegenüber Hintergrundlicht (BGL) ist. Verglichen mit anderen Verfahren ist das Time-of-Flight (TOF) Verfahren das vielversprechendste und wird daher in dieser Dissertation verwendet. In dieser Arbeit wird eine entscheidende Verbesserung in drei dimensionalen (3D) TOF Systemen vorgeschlagen. Um in der Lage zu sein, das Rauschverhalten effektiv verbessern zu können, wird erstmalig eine detaillierte Berechnung des Rauschens durchgeführt. Diese wird im 2.Kapitel vorgestellt. Diese Untersuchung wird auch für zukünftige TOF-basierte Sensoren eine gute Vorhersage der Leistungsfähigkeit ermöglichen. Darüber hinaus werden damit auch alle wichtigen Rauschquellen erwähnt. Im dritten Kapitel wird ein TOF basierter opto-elektronisch integrierter Schaltkreis beschrieben, der erstmalig in einem Standard 90 nm CMOS Prozess hergestellt wurde. The vorgestellte Schaltung ist fähig, auch starke Einstrahlung von Hintergrundlicht zu bewältigen und damit den neuen Stand der Technik zu setzen. Darüber hinaus wurden die Leistungsaufnahme und der Füllfaktor der Pixelfläche verbessert. Die erreichten Werte übertreffen jene der anderen Verfahren mit Hintergrundlichtunterdrückung. Zu guter Letzt wird die Untersuchung von Fotodetektoren in 90nm CMOS vorgestellt. Diese könnten zukünftige OEIC Entwürfe beeinflussen. Im vierten Kapitel wird ein neuer Ansatz zur Hintergrundlichtunterdrückung und damit auch zur Vergrößerung des Dynamikbereichs vorgestellt. Unter Verwendung eines 180 nm CMOS Prozesses ist die Pixelschaltung nun in der Lage unter voller Sonneneinstrahlung, ohne Leistungseinbußen zu arbeiten. Zusätzlich werden hier die Reduzierung der Leistungsaufnahme und ein neuer Ansatz, um lange Integrationszeiten zu ermöglichen, präsentiert. Darüber hinaus ist zum ersten Mal eine PIN Fotodiode in einer 180 nm Technologie entwickelt worden. Diese erreicht bessere Resultate als wettbewerbsfähige und etablierte Silizium Fotodioden. Dies hat nicht nur auf TOF 3D Kameras einen erheblichen Einfluss, sondern auch auf OEICs im Allgemeinen und zeigt eine Möglichkeit, den Stand der Technik bei vielen anderen Sensoren zu verbessern. Im fünften Kapitel wird diese Arbeit mit einer Zusammenfassung aller präsentierter Sensoren und einem Vergleich mit dem Stand der Technik abgeschlossen.Together with the technology advance, there is an emerging need to record the depth of the scenery and make use of this supplementary information for variety of applications. Therefore several approaches for accomplishing this task have been developed up to now but experiencing many difficulties to confidently obtain the distance. The largest challenges are to achieve high depth and spatial resolution, as well as to ensure sensor immunity to background light (BGL). Among others, the Time-of-Flight (TOF) approach can be considered to offer the best performance and is used in this dissertation. Within this work a decisive improvement in the three-dimensional (3D) TOF systems is proposed. In order to be able to effectively enhance the noise performances, an in-depth circuit noise analysis is for the first time derived in the second chapter. This analysis will contribute to a good prediction of the prospective TOF based sensors as well.Furthermore all important noise contributors are additionally mentioned therewith.In the third chapter the TOF based optoelectronic integrated circuit (OEIC) that is for the first time realized in a standard 90 nm CMOS process is described. The circuit presented thereby is able to cope with substantial amount of BGL, setting a new state-of-the-art (SOTA).Furthermore, the power consumption, the fill factor pixel area are improved being supreme if compared to other BGL immune approaches. Last but not least, investigation of photodetectors in 90 nm CMOS could influence future OEIC designs.In the fourth chapter a novel workaround for suppressing BGL and hence increasing the sensor dynamic range is proposed. Using a 180 nm CMOS process, the pixel circuit is now able to unconditionally operate under full sun light without losing performance. In addition, the reduction of power consumption, as well as a new approach for accomplishing a long integration time are presented there. Furthermore, the PIN photodiode is for the first time realized in 180 nm CMOS technology, achieving even better results than the competitive well-established silicon-based photodetectors. This makes a considerable impact not only on the TOF 3D cameras, but also on the OEICs in general, opening new possibilities for pushing the SOTA edge in many other sensors.In the fifth chapter, the work is concluded by summarizing all presented sensors and comparing them with actual SOTA
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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