1,721,037 research outputs found
Prognostication in heart failure across ejection fraction phenotypes and challenging subgroups : data from the Swedish heart failure registry
No full textBackground: The growing prevalence of heart failure (HF) worldwide determines an increasing burden on healthcare systems. HF phenotypes differ for several patient characteristics. Treatments with proven efficacy are mainly available for HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), whereas for HF with mildly reduced (HFmrEF) and preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction evidence on treatment effect is more recent and limited to a single randomized control trial (RCT) and post-hoc/subgroup analyses of former RCTs. Although therapies affect survival in HFrEF, treatment implementation remains poor in particular in specific and more challenging subgroups.Aims: The overall purpose is to provide a thorough characterization in terms of prognostication, to explore associations with outcomes and reasons for underuse of HF treatments while focusing on challenging settings underrepresented in RCTs and the different HF phenotypes (HFrEF, HFpEF and HFmrEF). Specific aims are to assess gender-related differences in clinical characteristics, therapeutic strategies and outcomes in order to characterize the specific features of women affected by HF across the HF phenotypes (study I); to evaluate the use and the predictors of use of betablockers in older HFrEF patients, and the association between betablocker therapy and outcomes (study II), to assess the state of implementation of evidence-based treatments for HFrEF in older patients (study III); and to explore the burden of HF on an healthcare system, with particular attention to the impact of the increasing burden of comorbidities on cardiovascular (CV) and non-CV mortality and morbidity (study IV) These specific aims are assessed in a large and unselected contemporary cohort of HF patients, such as the Swedish HF Registry (SwedeHF). Sex-based differences in heart failure across the ejection fraction spectrum: Phenotyping, and prognostic and therapeutic implications. In the SwedeHF Registry population, of 42,987 patients, 37% were females (55% with HFpEF, 39% with HFmrEF, 29% with HFrEF). Females were older, had more symptoms and more likely hypertension and kidney disease. There were differences in treatment use, with higher rates of beta-blocker and digoxin use in women vs men. Females less likely received HF devices. Adjusted risk of mortality/HF hospitalization was lower in females regardless of EF. The observed sex-related differences suggest to implement strategies for higher recruitment of women in RCTs.Association between beta-blocker use and mortality/morbidity in older patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: A propensity score-matched analysis from the Swedish Heart Failure Registry. We assessed the association between beta-blocker use, all-cause mortality and CV mortality/HF hospitalization in a 1:1 propensity score-matched cohort of patients with HFrEF and aged ≥80 years. Of 6562 patients aged ≥80 years, 5640 (86%) received beta-blocker. In the matched cohort (n=1732) beta-blocker use was associated lower risk of all-cause mortality. There was no signifantly lower risk of CV mortality/HF with vs. without beta-blocker in the matched cohort due to the lack of association between beta-blocker use and the outcome HF hospitalization. However, after adjustment rather than matching for the propensity score in the overall cohort, beta-blocker use was associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality and CV mortality/HF hospitalization. Use of evidence-based therapy in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction across age strata. We studied 27430 patients with HFrEF: 31% were Conclusions: In the overall management of patients with HF, there are challenging subgroups that remain underexplored and frequently under-represented in RCT. Weaker evidence supporting the use of treatments and clinical inertia lead to lower adherence to current therapeutic recommendations. In our study women presented peculiarities in characteristics and treatments across the whole EF spectrum compared with men, with better survival/ morbidity after adjustment for other patient characteristics. Patients in the older age range represent another group with a great representation in the overall real-world HF population, but often poorly considered and represented in clinical trials and by the scientific community in terms of treatment use implementation. Concerns regarding lower or no efficacy of treatments in older groups are not supported by post-hoc analyses of RCTs, and we observed a convincing lower mortality/morbidity risk associated with beta-blockers treatment in HFrEF over 80 years old, without any safety concerns. Despite the available data support evidence-based treatments regardless of age, in our cohort study we demonstrated that, with the exception of cardiac resynchronization therapy, medical treatments and devices are largely under-used and under-dosed in older patients with HFrEF. Finally, the increasing complexity of the contemporary HF population, partially given by the growing age and the increasing number of comorbidities, heavily burdens on the whole healthcare system, with HF patients experiencing a dramatically higher rate of cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular mortality/ morbidity events. This claims for further efforts in the optimization of resources allocation and design of future RCTs.List of scientific papersI. Sex-Based Differences in Heart Failure Across the Ejection Fraction Spectrum. Phenotyping, and Prognostic and Therapeutic Implications. Davide Stolfo, Alicia Uijl, Ola Vedin, Anna Strömberg, Ulrika Ljung Faxén, Giuseppe M.C. Rosano, Gianfranco Sinagra, Ulf Dahlström, Gianluigi Savarese. JACC-HEART FAILURE. 2019;7:505–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jchf.2019.03.011 II. Association between beta-blocker use and mortality/morbidity in older patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction - A propensity score-matched analysis from the Swedish Heart Failure Registry. Davide Stolfo, Alicia Uijl, Lina Benson, Benedikt Schrage, Marat Fudim, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Stefan Koudstaal, Gianfranco Sinagra, Ulf Dahlström, Giuseppe Rosano, Gianluigi Savarese. European Journal of Heart Failure. (2020) 22, 103–112. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.1615 III. Use of evidence-based therapy in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction across age strata. Davide Stolfo, Lars H Lund, Peter Moritz Becher, Nicola Orsini, Tonje Thorvaldsen, Lina Benson, Camilla Hage, Ulf Dahlström, Gianfranco Sinagra, Gianluigi Savarese. [Submitted] https://doi.org/10.1002/ejhf.2483 IV. Persistent High Burden of Heart Failure across the Ejection Fraction Spectrum in a Nationwide Setting. Davide Stolfo, Lars H. Lund, Lina Benson, Camilla Hage, Gianfranco Sinagra, Ulf Dahlström, Gianluigi Savarese. [Submitted]</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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