331 research outputs found
Pharyngeal related non-lexical vowels in Sephardic Modern Hebrew
No full textThis paper examines non-lexical vowels in Sephardic Modern Hebrew. It is argued that two kinds of vowel, which are triggered by the pharyngeal consonants, should be identified: (a) true epenthetic vowels that emerge on the surface to repair illicit (marked) syllable structures. (b) 'Echo-vowels' that are created by overlapping a vowel and a pharyngeal consonant. These vowels do not repair illicit syllable structures, but rather ease the perception of clusters containing a pharyngeal. These vowels are not syllabic and phonological processes ignore them.This paper was published in Linguistics in Amsterdam 3 (2010), and can be found at: http://www.linguisticsinamsterdam.nl/Pariente, Itsik. "Pharyngeal related non-lexical vowels in Sephardic Modern Hebrew." Linguistics in Amsterdam 3 (2010)Peer reviewe
Biblionario
No full textSección del "rincón del humor" de la revista Leguein Leguein.Depto. de Biblioteconomía y DocumentaciónFac. de Ciencias de la DocumentaciónTRUEpu
The ecological role of the suspension feeding bivalve, Austrovenus stutchburyi, in estuarine ecosystems
No full textSuspension feeding bivalves are described as key species in many aquatic ecosystems, where they can influence primary productivity and nutrient dynamics, are food for higher trophic levels, and may be harvested in commercial or recreational fisheries. In many areas where bivalve populations have declined, substantial changes to ecosystem structure and function have occurred. High-density beds of the infaunal suspension feeding bivalve, Austrovenus stutchburyi, are a dominant feature on intertidal flats in many New Zealand estuaries, but populations are declining in some areas, likely due to anthropogenic stressors such as overharvesting and sedimentation. This thesis examines the influence of Austrovenus on estuarine ecosystem function using laboratory, field and modelling studies.
The effects of bed density and flow speed on boundary layer dynamics and Austrovenus clearance rates (CR) were investigated in annular flumes. Bed shear stress increased with increasing bivalve density, and under certain conditions was also increased when Austrovenus were feeding, compared to when they were not. The bed roughness and siphonal currents generated by the bivalves may therefore influence food supply to the bed. Both individual and bed CR were significantly greater at the high flow speed. Bed CR did not scale proportionally with density, in part because individual CR decreased with increasing density, but also because the proportion of bivalves actively feeding decreased at high densities. Thus, scaling up individual CR obtained from animals at low densities will significantly overestimate population filtration capacity.
The effect of Austrovenus on ecosystem function was examined at two sites, one sandy, the other composed of muddy-sand, to determine whether sedimentary environment alters this key species’ role. Gross primary production (likely corresponding to microphytobenthos production) and ammonium uptake were significantly increased, and denitrification potential was also elevated, when Austrovenus was added, relative to removed, at the sandy site. In contrast, there was no effect of Austrovenus on any of these variables at the muddy-sand site. These results reveal the importance of considering sedimentary environment when examining the effect of key species on ecosystem function, and suggest that even moderate levels of sedimentation may reduce the positive effect of Austrovenus on primary productivity.
A food-web model was used to quantify the interactions between Austrovenus and other estuarine species, and to determine the effect of reducing Austrovenus biomass on ecosystem properties. The model revealed an estuarine system dominated by benthic species, characterised as a developing, rather than a mature ecosystem. Detritus production and export were high, while transfer efficiency and internal recycling were low. Decreasing Austrovenus biomass decreased system maturity, suggesting that reductions in Austrovenus populations may decrease ecosystem stability. The model also confirmed that within these estuarine systems Austrovenus and microphytobenthos are key species which impact greatly on all other trophic levels.
This thesis demonstrates that Austrovenus populations exert considerable influence on benthic communities and processes, and play a key role in the functioning of estuarine ecosystems. Reductions in Austrovenus populations will likely negatively impact on microphytobenthos and higher trophic levels, and may also reduce ecosystem maturity and stability
Trophic modes of large Antarctic Foraminifera: roles of carnivory, omnivory, and detritivory
No full textAstrammina rara, Crithionina delacai, and Notodendrodes hyalinosphaira are 3 of the largest and most abundant members of the foraminiferal assemblage at a shallow-water (28 to 32 m) site in Explorers Cove, Antarctica. This study summarizes observations from 2 decades of research, during which we employed laboratory-based feeding experiments and fatty acid biomarker analysis to characterize trophic dynamics and ecological roles of the 3 species, In feeding experiments, A. rara consumed a variety of co-occurring metazoans (several Crustacea, Mollusca, Echinodermata, and a Nephtys species). C. delacai, N. hyalinosphaira, and a number of other foraminiferal species from Explorers Cove successfully trapped Artemia sp. nauplius prey in a setup designed to examine the efficiency of prey capture. Fatty acid analyses on samples from early (November 7, 2001) and late (January 31, 2002) austral summer revealed that the 3 species contained substantial amounts (33 to 45.5%) of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which are produced by microalgae, indicating the downwards transfer of carbon from sea-ice associated primary production. In the case of A. rara, this may be due to the ingestion of herbivorous metazoa, rather than direct uptake of microalgal material. A. rara contained significantly (p < 0.05) higher amounts of the zooplankton biomarkers 20:1(n-9) and 22:1(n-11), and C. delacai contained more PUFAs early, compared to late, in the season. Two morphotypes of N. hyalinosphaira had different fatty acid Profiles, indicating distinct trophotypes. Our results illustrate specific adaptations to different trophic resources in these protists, and they demonstrate the potential impact that large carnivorous species of Foraminifera may have on the structure of benthic communities where they are abundant
Beyond baseline and follow-up : the case for more t in experiments
No full textThe vast majority of randomized experiments in economics rely on a single baseline and single follow-up survey. If multiple follow-ups are conducted, the reason is typically to examine the trajectory of impact effects, so that in effect only one follow-up round is being used to estimate each treatment effect of interest. While such a design is suitable for study of highly autocorrelated and relatively precisely measured outcomes in the health and education domains, this paper makes the case that it is unlikely to be optimal for measuring noisy and relatively less autocorrelated outcomes such as business profits, household incomes and expenditures, and episodic health outcomes. Taking multiple measurements of such outcomes at relatively short intervals allows the researcher to average out noise, increasing power. When the outcomes have low autocorrelation, it can make sense to do no baseline at all. Moreover, the author shows how for such outcomes, more power can be achieved with multiple follow-ups than allocating the same total sample size over a single follow-up and baseline. The analysis highlights the large gains in power from ANCOVA rather than difference-in-differences when autocorrelations are low and a baseline is taken. The paper discusses the issues involved in multiple measurements, and makes recommendations for the design of experiments and related non-experimental impact evaluations.Scientific Research&Science Parks,Science Education,Statistical&Mathematical Sciences,Disease Control&Prevention,Economic Theory&Research
El sufijo latino <i>-ulentus</i>
No full textThe author thinks that the suffix -ulentus can be explained from the prototype *oppolens. So it is an intensive compound with the prefix ob- (cf. EMERITA 47, 1979, p. 113 ss.) plus the present participle of polleo, previously poleo with simple -l- (cf. Actas del 5.° Congr. Esp. de Est. Clás., p. 86). This compound became *op-pulentus and thereafter opulentus; its meaning was ‘powerful’ or ‘very powerful’. The Latins, because the popular etymology, understood the initial op- as from the root ops/opis ‘wealth’. On the other hand, because the close relationship between the ideas of ‘power’ and ‘wealth’, they transferred to opulentus the meaning of ‘rich’. Once opulentus was understood as derived from ops, this formation was spread with the idea of abundance: fraudulentus, luculentus, uiolentus, uinolentus, etc.No disponible
Parens y parentālia
No full textRectifying his own former ideas on the subject, the author thinks that parens stems from a form pariens (pres. partic. of pario) which dropped its i in the derivative parientālia > parentālia through dissimilation. From the last form the regressive parens arouse and substituted the original pariens.No disponible
Sobre Subur(r)a y la regio Suburana
No full textAccording to the author of this paper, Subura (in folk speech Suburra) is a regressive form of the adjective Suburana which stems through dissimilation from Suburbana (sc. regio). The variants Succusa and Succusana, documented in the ancient grammatical tradition, may be a personal interpretation by Varro of *SVKVRSANA, a false epigraphic writing instead of SVBVRBANA.No disponible
Opimus y la llamada lex de spoliis opimis
No full textThis paper is a critical study on the so-called lex de spoliis opimis; herefrom the author tentatively concludes: 1) that opimus stems from an early superlative opimus (cf. optumus/optimus based on the adverb ob ‘before’ with the original meaning of ‘the first’ and 2) that the anciente tradition on the aforesaid law is a pure and complete mixtification.No disponible
Optumus
No full textThe Etymology of optumus from ops, proposed by ancient grammarians and accepted by some of the modern ones, does not fit when the word is applied as an epithet to Jupiter. The etymology proceeding from ob would be morphologically correct but – as the author remarks – it has not yet a semantic justification. But this justification is easy when thinking of an old meaning ob “before”. Optumus would be then, “the first”, and from here proceed later meanings of the word.No disponible
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