2,400 research outputs found
Recovery of mineral fertiliser N and slurry N in continuous silage maize using the 15N and difference methods
No full textNaturalizing institutions: Evolutionary principles and application on the case of money
No full textIn recent extensions of the Darwinian paradigm into economics, the replicator-interactor duality looms large. I propose a strictly naturalistic approach to this duality in the context of the theory of institutions, which means that its use is seen as being always and necessarily dependent on identifying a physical realization. I introduce a general framework for the analysis of institutions, which synthesizes Searle's and Aoki's theories, especially with regard to the role of public representations (signs) in the coordination of actions, and the function of cognitive processes that underly rule-following as a behavioral disposition. This allows to conceive institutions as causal circuits that connect the population-level dynamics of interactions with cognitive phenomena on the individual level. Those cognitive phenomena ultimately root in neuronal structures. So, I draw on a critical restatement of the concept of the meme by Aunger to propose a new conceptualization of the replicator in the context of institutions, namely, the replicator is a causal conjunction between signs and neuronal structures which undergirds the dispositions that generate rule-following actions. Signs, in turn, are outcomes of population-level interactions. I apply this framework on the case of money, analyzing the emotions that go along with the use of money, and presenting a stylized account of the emergence of money in terms of the naturalized Searle-Aoki model. In this view, money is a neuronally anchored metaphor for emotions relating with social exchange and reciprocity. Money as a meme is physically realized in a replicator which is a causal conjunction of money artefacts and money emotions. --Generalized Darwinism,institutions,replicator/interactor,Searle,Aoki,naturalism,memes,emotions,money
Culture and Cooperation
No full textDoes the cultural background influence the success with which genetically unrelated individuals cooperate in social dilemma situations? In this paper we provide an answer by analyzing the data of Herrmann et al. (Science 2008, pp. 1362-1367), who study cooperation and punishment in sixteen subject pools from six different world cultures (as classified by Inglehart & Baker (American Sociological Review 2000, pp. 19-51)). We use analysis of variance to disentangle the importance of cultural background relative to individual heterogeneity and group-level differences in cooperation. We find that culture has a substantial influence on the extent of cooperation, in addition to individual heterogeneity and group-level differences identified by previous research. The significance of this result is that cultural background has a substantial influence on cooperation in otherwise identical environments. This is particularly true in the presence of punishment opportunities.human cooperation, punishment, culture, experimental public good games
Developing innovation through knowledge of thinking preferences
No full textMany business enterprises are facing difficulties and being required to be innovative in their policies and practices as they face competition within a global economy. This research set in the AI-Jubail Petrochemical Company in Saudi Arabia, took the view that effective innovation
was related to the cognitive, creative and interactive skills of the workforce within the managerial and administrative framework of the company. Hence the research had three principal components namely: (i) to examine the thinking preference profiles of the workforce;
(ii) to design a training course in which the thinking preferences became associated with creativity, innovation and collaborative problem solving and, in contrast to other studies, (iii) to examine in detail the influence of thinking preferences in the process, performance and perceptions of the collaborative problem solving teams
A review of research literature gave support to using the Herrmann Brain Dominance Instrument (HBDI) as a measure of thinking preferences (which was administered to 452
employees) and to the application of ThinkPak and Whack Pack cards in the creativity activities. These themes were linked to illustrations and discussions of working practices
Overall the coursee valuations were very positive.
A principal component of the research was a detailed study of the performances of 81 teams,in the problem solving tower building activity. The data showed diversity in the HBDI profiles and in the tower designs and implementations. An interesting result was that teams homogeneous or heterogeneous with strong HBDI profiles performed well on the task criteria, whereas those teams with weaker homogenous/heterogeneos HBDI clusters were much less
effective. This result, however, has to be related to the leadership capabilities in the teams. Self-report questionnaires on team contributions and interactions suggested that participants tended to follow their dominant thinking preference profiles.
A further important component was the linking of the research materials and findings to the
innovative company practices. In this regard, the design of a HBDI databank browsing system and a computer based suggestions framework were outlined and illustrated. Further research suggestions included more detailed analyses of the relation of HBDI profiles and leadership
roles to the development of team dynamics and the authentication of the decision making
C28H36CuF6N8P
No full textThis is a physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] associated with a molecule[CHEBI_25367].
The molecule[CHEBI_25367] can be described by the following structural desciptors[cheminf_000085]:
InChI descriptor[cheminf_000113]: InChI=1S/2C14H18N4.Cu.F6P/c2*1-17(2)14(18(3)4)16-12-9-5-7-11-8-6-10-15-13(11)12;;1-7(2,3,4,5)6/h2*5-10H,1-4H3;;/q;;+1;-1, and canonical SMILES descriptor[cheminf_000007]: F[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)F.CN(C(=Nc1cccc2c1nccc2)N(C)C)C.CN(C(=Nc1cccc2c1nccc2)N(C)C)C.[Cu+], and by the IUPAC name[cheminf_000107]: .
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] has a component solvent[CHEBI_46787] which is described by the canonical SMILES descriptor[cheminf_000007]:
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] has the following Sample ID as registered in the research data repository chemotion (www.chemotion-repository.net, https://doi.org/10.25504/FAIRsharing.iagXcR): CRS-36076
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] can be described by the physical descriptors [CHEMINF_000025]:
Melting point descriptor[CHEMINF_000256]:
Boiling point descriptor[CHEMINF_000257]:
Refractive index descriptor[CHEMINF_000253]:
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] can be further described by the following assays[OBI:0000070][CHMO:0001133]:
CHMO:0000025 | cyclic voltammetry (CV)
CHMO:0000025 | cyclic voltammetry (CV)
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] was deposited to the Molecule Archive of the Karlsruhe Insitute of Technology (KIT) with the following Sample ID:
Used ontologies:
CHEBI - Chemical Entities of Biological Interest
CHEMINF - chemical information ontology (information entities about chemical entities)
CHMO - Chemical Methods Ontology
OBI - Ontology for Biomedical Investigation
C28H36CuF6N8P
No full textThis is a physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] associated with a molecule[CHEBI_25367].
The molecule[CHEBI_25367] can be described by the following structural desciptors[cheminf_000085]:
InChI descriptor[cheminf_000113]: InChI=1S/2C14H18N4.Cu.F6P/c2*1-17(2)14(18(3)4)16-12-9-5-7-11-8-6-10-15-13(11)12;;1-7(2,3,4,5)6/h2*5-10H,1-4H3;;/q;;+1;-1, and canonical SMILES descriptor[cheminf_000007]: F[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)F.CN(C(=Nc1cccc2c1nccc2)N(C)C)C.CN(C(=Nc1cccc2c1nccc2)N(C)C)C.[Cu+], and by the IUPAC name[cheminf_000107]: .
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] has a component solvent[CHEBI_46787] which is described by the canonical SMILES descriptor[cheminf_000007]:
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] has the following Sample ID as registered in the research data repository chemotion (www.chemotion-repository.net, https://doi.org/10.25504/FAIRsharing.iagXcR): CRS-36082
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] can be described by the physical descriptors [CHEMINF_000025]:
Melting point descriptor[CHEMINF_000256]:
Boiling point descriptor[CHEMINF_000257]:
Refractive index descriptor[CHEMINF_000253]:
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] can be further described by the following assays[OBI:0000070][CHMO:0001133]:
CHMO:0000025 | cyclic voltammetry (CV)
CHMO:0000025 | cyclic voltammetry (CV)
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] was deposited to the Molecule Archive of the Karlsruhe Insitute of Technology (KIT) with the following Sample ID:
Used ontologies:
CHEBI - Chemical Entities of Biological Interest
CHEMINF - chemical information ontology (information entities about chemical entities)
CHMO - Chemical Methods Ontology
OBI - Ontology for Biomedical Investigation
C28H36CuF6N8P
No full textThis is a physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] associated with a molecule[CHEBI_25367].
The molecule[CHEBI_25367] can be described by the following structural desciptors[cheminf_000085]:
InChI descriptor[cheminf_000113]: InChI=1S/2C14H18N4.Cu.F6P/c2*1-17(2)14(18(3)4)16-12-9-5-7-11-8-6-10-15-13(11)12;;1-7(2,3,4,5)6/h2*5-10H,1-4H3;;/q;;+1;-1, and canonical SMILES descriptor[cheminf_000007]: F[P-](F)(F)(F)(F)F.CN(C(=Nc1cccc2c1nccc2)N(C)C)C.CN(C(=Nc1cccc2c1nccc2)N(C)C)C.[Cu+], and by the IUPAC name[cheminf_000107]: copper(1+);1,1,3,3-tetramethyl-2-quinolin-8-ylguanidine;hexafluorophosphate.
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] has a component solvent[CHEBI_46787] which is described by the canonical SMILES descriptor[cheminf_000007]:
CC#N
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] has the following Sample ID as registered in the research data repository chemotion (www.chemotion-repository.net, https://doi.org/10.25504/FAIRsharing.iagXcR): CRS-39256
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] can be described by the physical descriptors [CHEMINF_000025]:
Melting point descriptor[CHEMINF_000256]:
Boiling point descriptor[CHEMINF_000257]:
Refractive index descriptor[CHEMINF_000253]:
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] can be further described by the following assays[OBI:0000070][CHMO:0001133]:
CHMO:0000025 | cyclic voltammetry (CV)
CHMO:0000025 | cyclic voltammetry (CV)
The physical chemical entity[CHEBI_24431] was deposited to the Molecule Archive of the Karlsruhe Insitute of Technology (KIT) with the following Sample ID:
Used ontologies:
CHEBI - Chemical Entities of Biological Interest
CHEMINF - chemical information ontology (information entities about chemical entities)
CHMO - Chemical Methods Ontology
OBI - Ontology for Biomedical Investigation
Dromochorus knisleyi Duran & Herrmann & Roman & Gwiazdowski & Drummond & Hood & Egan 2019
No full textDROMOCHORUS KNISLEYI DURAN, HERRMANN, ROMAN & EGAN SP.NOV. (FIGS 7C, 8A, 9C) Common name Juniper grove tiger beetle. Type locality Vi c i n i t y o f Pe d e r n a l e s Fa l l s, Te x a s. H o l o t y p e (USNM): 1 ♂, USA: Texas: Blanco Co. / Vicinity of Pedernales / 19-VI-2013 /leg D. Duran. Paratypes: 14 ♂♂, 19 ♀♀, USA: Texas: Blanco Co./Vicinity of Pedernales Falls St. Pk./19-VI-2013/leg D. Duran. 6 ♂♂, 7 ♀♀, USA: Texas: Blanco Co./Vicinity of Pedernales Falls St. Pk./08-VI-2015/leg S.J Roman. 5 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, USA: Texas: Blanco Co./Vicinity of Pedernales Falls St. Pk./01-VI-2014/leg D. Brzoska. 2 ♂, USA: Texas: Blanco Co./Park E. of Pedernales Falls S.P./20-VI-2014/ leg D. Duran. 2 ♀, USA: TEXAS: Bandera Co./3 miles W of Pipe Creek/22-VI-2013/leg D. Duran. Distribution This species is only known from the Edwards Plateau of central Texas, locally known as the Texas Hill Country. It comes in close geographic proximity to D. belfragei and D. minimus, where all three species distributions converge at the edge of the Balcones Escarpment in Bexar County. Analyses of mtDNA data indicate that hybridization occurs in this contact zone, and apparent hybrid D. knisleyi x belfragei individuals have been found in this area. Diagnosis Dromochorus knisleyi is most easily confused with the sister taxa D. belfragei. For differential diagnosis, see D. belfragei species account. Description Medium-sized Dromochorus. Body length 10.9– 14.4 mm, mean ♀ 13.0 mm, mean ♂ 12.2 mm. Head slightly wider than pronotum. Head predominantly charcoal black with blue reflections mostly concentrated near the anterior margin and edges of the supraorbital region. Fine rugosity often present on the frons and vertex. All head portions glabrous except for two supraorbital setae next to each eye. Frons concave in median area, especially in male, bulging towards slightly convex near anterior margin, clearly delimited from clypeus, gradually blending into vertex. Genae black or bright polished metallic violet to blue, with shallow longitudinal striae gradually ending at border of vertex. Clypeus bronze with green to blue reflections throughout. Male labrum tridentate with 6–8 setae, central area pale ochre-testaceous, with a thin dark-brown to black border posteriorly and sometimes anteriorly, dark-brown to black laterally; the pale central area of the labrum may exist as a small spot, up to one-third of the total labrum surface; female labrum tridentate with 6–8 setae, entirely dark-brown to black with polished metallic cupreous to green reflections. All segments of maxillary and labial palpi consistently dark-brown; apical segment is not darker than other segments. Antennae normal length, reaching back to humerus and basal third of elytron, slightly longer in male than female; scape dark testaceous to black with metallic reflections of violet, cupreous and green, with 2–3 apical setae; pedicel dark testaceous with metallic reflections of violet, cupreous and green, lacking any setae; flagellum dark testaceous, antennomeres 3–4 with metallic violet and green reflections, densely clothed in short white setae, antennomeres 5–11 dull-textured without metallic reflections and possessing erect setae in apical rings only, covered with fine pubescence throughout. Thorax: Pronotum 2.4–3.2 mm in length, mean ♀ 2.9 mm, mean ♂ 2.8 mm; width 2.5–3.2 mm, mean ♀ 3.0 mm, mean ♂ 2.9 mm. Pronotum charcoal black, with green to blue or violet reflections, especially along lateral margins, slightly wider than long, widest near anterior margin, width to length ratio 0.9 to 1.1, setae sparse to regularly spaced, mostly present along lateral third of dorsal surface; disc finely rugose, with thin but distinct median line, with well-defined shallow sulci present anteriorly and posteriorly; notopleural sutures clearly defined, not visible from dorsal view; proepisternum black with weak to strong iridescent blue to violet reflections, glabrous. Elytra elongate, 6.8–8.7 mm length, mean ♀ 7.9 mm, mean ♂ 7.7 mm, shape similar in both sexes, but slightly wider in female, especially toward apical third; sutural spine absent, microserrations not present on elytral apices; elytral dorsal surface convex; elytral texture dull, with regular small pits present throughout disk, elytral coloration charcoal black, often with blue reflections near humeral region; elytral maculations absent; two dark oblique infuscations present; subsutural foveae prominent, typically with metallic blue, green, or gold reflections. Legs: Pro-, meso-, and metacoxae dark testaceous to black with iridescent blue to violet and cupreous reflections, sparse setae on pro- and mesocoxae, fewer on metacoxae; pro- and mesotrochanters with a single erect seta, metatrochanter glabrous, trochanters dark brown-testaceous; femora black with metallic violet and green reflections, densely clothed in decumbent white setae; tibiae testaceous brown, clothed with setae of two types: sparser brown-testaceous long setae and dense short decumbent white setae; two tibial spines present; tarsi brown-testaceous, first three dilated protarsomeres in male with dense greyishwhite setal pad. Abdomen: Venter mostly black with occasional metallic green to violet reflections. Decumbent white setae present on ventrite 1. Ventrites 2–6 have sparse short brown erect setae present throughout, but often abraded. Etymology Named for Dr C. Barry Knisley, one of the leading authorities on North American tiger beetle conservation and ecology. D.P. Duran and R.A. Gwiazdowski are greatly indebted to Barry for his mentorship and friendship. Ecology/natural history Dromochorus knisleyi adults have been found from mid-May to late June, but it is likely that they could be active outside of this window. Dromochorus knisleyi is found in upland juniperoak woodlands in the Edwards Plateau, and does not appear to be strongly associated with riparian areas. The preferred habitat is late succession stands of juniper and, as such, it can be difficult for a collector to easily walk through these areas. Adult beetles are active throughout the day and are present in semiopen grassy areas under the cover of juniper trees. The first author observed dozens of beetles over a span of two days, and all adult activity was restricted to these forested areas. Beetles foraged and mated exclusively near or under juniper boughs. Moreover, even during cloudy periods and late in the afternoon, none were observed moving into more open grassy areas outside of the juniper stands. Moreover, beetles were not present in woodlands dominated by oaks. In mixed juniper–oak woodlands, beetles were found exclusively near junipers. This species may be the most ecologically specialized of all Dromochorus. More observations are needed for this rarely collected species. Many aspects of the biology are currently unknown.Published as part of Duran, Daniel P., Herrmann, David P., Roman, Stephen J., Gwiazdowski, Rodger A., Drummond, Jennifer A., Hood, Glen R. & Egan, Scott P., 2019, Cryptic diversity in the North American Dromochorus tiger beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Cicindelinae): a congruence-based method for species discovery, pp. 250-285 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 186 on pages 271-272, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zly035, http://zenodo.org/record/308923
After Derrida before Husserl : the spacing between phenomenology and deconstruction
No full textThis Ph.D. thesis is, in large part, a deepening of my M. A. dissertation, entitled: "Différance
Beyond Phenomenological Reduction (Epoché)?" - an edited version of which was published in
The Warwick Journal of Philosophy, Vol. 2, Issue 2, 1989. The M. A. dissertation explores the
development of the various phases of the movement of epoché in Edmund Husserl's
phenomenology and its relevance for Jacques Derrida's project of deconstruction. The analyses not
only attend to the need for an effective propaedeutic to an understanding of phenomenology as
method, they also serve to demystify the logics of Derridean non-teleological strategy by explaining
the sense of such a manoeuvre - as a kind of maieutic response to the Husserlian project - which
operates within the horizon of a radical epoché. According to this orientation, Derrida's
deconstruction of phenomenology is permitted to open itself up to a phenomenology of
deconstruction.
This doctoral thesis develops these analyses and utilizes a form of critique that points the
way to the possibility of a phenomenological-deconstruction of the limits of Derrida's project of
deconstruction through the themes of epoché, play, dialogue, spacing, and temporalization. In order
to trace the resources from which he draws throughout the early development of deconstruction, this
study confines itself to a discussion on the texts published between 1962 and 1968. This subjection
of deconstruction to a historical de-sedimentation of its motivational, methodological, theoretical,
and strategic moments, involves a certain kind of transformational return to the spacing between
phenomenology and deconstruction that urgently puts into question the alleged supercession of
phenomenology by deconstruction.
The expression of such a 'beyond' is already deeply sedimented in contemporary
deconstructive writing to the point at which it is now rarely even noticed, let alone thematized and
brought into question. This conviction (regarding the transgression of phenomenology by
deconstruction) traces itself out in the form of an attitude to reading which is, in fact and in
principle, counter to D6rrida's own call for care. The meaning and limits of the very terms,
transgression, beyond, supercession, etc., must be continually subjected to deconstruction.
The notions of play, dissemination and supplementarity - with the concomitant sense of
transformational repetition that defines them - do not function as a mere excuse for lack of
scholarly rigour. Deconstruction is a movement of critical return, which must insert itself (with a
sense of irony) within the margins and intersections of that which gives itself up to this practice of
textual unbuilding. The strategy of play encourages the structural matrix of that with which it is
engaged to turn in upon itself, exposing its limits and fissures in a kind of textual analogue to a
psychoanalysis. To be sure, this does involve a certain kind of violence -a violation of the
( system's' own sense of propriety (what is proper [propre] and closest to itself) -but in no sense is
this an anarchical celebration of pure destruction. We speak rather of irony, parody, satire,
metaphor, double-reading and other tactical devices, which permit a reorganization of the
deconstructed's (textual analysand's) self-relation and the possibility of playful speculation. Such
play demands care and vigilance in regard to the appropriation of the logics of the system with
which it is in a relation of negotiation. In order to play well, one must learn the game-rules
Fundamentals and Applications of N-pulse Particle Image Velocimetry-accelerometry: Towards Advanced Measurements of Complex Flows and Turbulence
No full textabstract: Over the past three decades, particle image velocimetry (PIV) has been continuously growing to become an informative and robust experimental tool for fluid mechanics research. Compared to the early stage of PIV development, the dynamic range of PIV has been improved by about an order of magnitude (Adrian, 2005; Westerweel et al., 2013). Further improvement requires a breakthrough innovation, which constitutes the main motivation of this dissertation. N-pulse particle image velocimetry-accelerometry (N-pulse PIVA, where N>=3) is a promising technique to this regard. It employs bursts of N pulses to gain advantages in both spatial and temporal resolution. The performance improvement by N-pulse PIVA is studied using particle tracking (i.e. N-pulse PTVA), and it is shown that an enhancement of at least another order of magnitude is achievable. Furthermore, the capability of N-pulse PIVA to measure unsteady acceleration and force is demonstrated in the context of an oscillating cylinder interacting with surrounding fluid. The cylinder motion, the fluid velocity and acceleration, and the fluid force exerted on the cylinder are successfully measured. On the other hand, a key issue of multi-camera registration for the implementation of N-pulse PIVA is addressed with an accuracy of 0.001 pixel. Subsequently, two applications of N-pulse PTVA to complex flows and turbulence are presented. A novel 8-pulse PTVA analysis was developed and validated to accurately resolve particle unsteady drag in post-shock flows. It is found that the particle drag is substantially elevated from the standard drag due to flow unsteadiness, and a new drag correlation incorporating particle Reynolds number and unsteadiness is desired upon removal of the uncertainty arising from non-uniform particle size. Next, the estimation of turbulence statistics utilizes the ensemble average of 4-pulse PTV data within a small domain of an optimally determined size. The estimation of mean velocity, mean velocity gradient and isotropic dissipation rate are presented and discussed by means of synthetic turbulence, as well as a tomographic measurement of turbulent boundary layer. The results indicate the superior capability of the N-pulse PTV based method to extract high-spatial-resolution high-accuracy turbulence statistics.Dissertation/ThesisAnimation of N-pulse PIVA measurement of flow-structure interactionDoctoral Dissertation Mechanical Engineering 201
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